Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Walter Mihatsch, Ulrich Thome, Miguel Saenz de Pipaon
Summary: Current recommendations for mineral intake in preterm infants underestimate the needs, especially for calcium. Higher mineral intake, especially calcium, may improve bone mineralization in preterm infants but could also increase the risk of nephrocalcinosis. Additional individual enteral calcium and/or phosphorus supplements are recommended to improve current mineral intake.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
I-Lun Chen, Chih-Hsing Hung, Hsin-Chun Huang
Summary: This study found that lipid emulsions containing fish oil can improve the neurodevelopmental outcomes of premature infants, especially at ages two and five, with significant reductions in the prevalence of diseases such as ADHD and ASD.
Article
Immunology
Bettina Bohnhorst, Cornelia Weidlich, Corinna Peter, Carolin Boehne, Evelyn Kattner, Sabine Pirr
Summary: The study found that there is an increase in cardiorespiratory events post second routine immunization in extremely preterm infants, especially events requiring tactile stimulation. Infants with CRE-ts were more likely to require continuous hospitalization and respiratory support. These events ceased at a postmenstrual age of 43.5 weeks.
Article
Pediatrics
Maxi Kaufmann, Barbara Seipolt, Mario Ruediger, Lars Mense
Summary: Tactile stimulation is commonly used to facilitate spontaneous breathing in premature infants during neonatal resuscitation, and stimulating multiple body parts may be more effective.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tohru Ogihara, Makoto Mino
Summary: When evaluating the nutritional status of preterm infants, it is important to compare the data with healthy term infants and consider the gestational age rather than birth weight. There is limited data on the correlation between gestational age and vitamin E concentrations in preterm infants, and the oxidizability of polyunsaturated fatty acids is lower in preterm infants. Clinical trials of vitamin E supplementation in preterm infants have mostly been unsuccessful, and there is a need for further research in modern neonatal medicine.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Gema Gonzalez-Luis, Stefano Ghiradello, Pilar Bas-Suarez, Giacomo Cavallaro, Fabio Mosca, Ronald Clyman, Eduardo Villamor
Summary: The meta-analysis found a significant association between low platelet counts and the risk of PDA/hsPDA. Other platelet parameters like platelet mass and PDW were also linked to hsPDA risk, but low platelet counts may be more related to the maturity and clinical stability of preterm infants rather than a direct contributing factor to the pathogenesis of PDA.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gary L. Darmstadt, Nafisa Hamoud Al Jaifi, Shabina Arif, Rajiv Bahl, Mats Blennow, Vanessa Cavallera, Doris Chou, Roger Chou, Liz Comrie-Thomson, Karen Edmond, Qi Feng, Patricia Fernandez Riera, Lawrence Grummer-Strawn, Shuchita Gupta, Zelee Hill, Ayede Adejumoke Idowu, Carole Kenner, Victoria Nakibuuka Kirabira, Reinhard Klinkott, Socorro De Leon-Mendoza, Silke Mader, Karim Manji, Rhonda Marriott, Monica Morgues, Sushma Nangia, Anayda Portela, Suman Rao, Mohammod Shahidullah, Hoang Thi Tran, Andrew Weeks, Bogale Worku, Khalid Yunis
Summary: Approximately 11% of infants are born preterm, and complications of prematurity are the most common cause of death in children aged under five years. Almost one million preterm infants die each year across low, high and middle income countries. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) convened a Guideline Development Group (GDG) to examine evidence and formulate recommendations for care of preterm or low birthweight (LBW) infants. The recommendations emphasize the pivotal role of preventive and promotive care for preterm and LBW infants.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mathias L. Hansen, Adelina Pellicer, Simon Hyttel-Srensen, Ebru Ergenekon, Tomasz Szczapa, Cornelia Hagmann, Gunnar Naulaers, Jonathan Mintzer, Monica Fumagalli, Gabriel Dimitriou, Eugene Dempsey, Jakub Tkaczyk, Guoqiang Cheng, Siv Fredly, Anne M. Heuchan, Gerhard Pichler, Hans Fuchs, Saudamini Nesargi, Gitte H. Hahn, Salvador Piris-Borregas, Jan Sirc, Miguel Alsina-Casanova, Martin Stocker, Hilal Ozkan, Kosmas Sarafidis, Andrew O. Hopper, Tanja Karen, Beata Rzepecka-Weglarz, Serife S. Oguz, Luis Arruza, Asli C. Memisoglu, Ruth del Rio Florentino, Mariana Baserga, Pierre Maton, Anita C. Truttmann, Isabel de las Cuevas, Peter Agergaard, Pamela Zafra, Lars Bender, Ryszard Lauterbach, Chantal Lecart, Julie de Buyst, Afif El-Khuffash, Anna Curley, Olalla O. Vaccarello, Jan Miletin, Evangelia Papathoma, Zachary Vesoulis, Giovanni Vento, Luc Cornette, Laura S. Lopez, Beril Yasa, Anja Klamer, Massimo Agosti, Olivier Baud, Emmanuele Mastretta, Merih Cetinkaya, Karen McCall, Shujuan Zeng, Eleftheria Hatzidaki, Agata Bargiel, Sylwia Marciniak, Xiaoyan Gao, Lin Huijia, Lina Chalak, Ling Yang, Shashidhar A. Rao, Xin Xu, Begona L. Gonzalez, Maria Wilinska, Zhaoqing Yin, Iwona Sadowska-Krawczenko, Itziar Serrano-Vinuales, Barbara Krolak-Olejnik, Marta M. Ybarra, Catalina Morales-Betancourt, Peter Korcek, Marta Teresa-Palacio, Fabio Mosca, Anja Hergenhan, Nilgun Koksal, Konstantia Tsoni, Munaf M. Kadri, Claudia Knoepfli, Elzbieta Rafinska-Wazny, Mustafa S. Akin, Tone Nordvik, Zhang Peng, Sinem G. Kersin, Liesbeth Thewissen, Ana Alarcon, David Healy, Berndt Urlesberger, Muenevver Bas, Jana Baumgartner, Eleni Skylogianni, Veronika Karadyova, Eva Valverde, Elena Bergon-Sendin, Jachym Kucera, Silvia Pisoni, Le Wang, Anne Smits, Rebeca Sanchez-Salmador, Marie I. Rasmussen, Markus H. Olsen, Aksel K. Jensen, Christian Gluud, Janus C. Jakobsen, Gorm Greisen
Summary: A multicenter, randomized trial found that treatment guided by cerebral oximetry monitoring for the first 72 hours after birth did not reduce the risk of death or severe brain injury at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age in extremely preterm infants.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Maximilian Gross, Christian F. Poets
Summary: The study investigated the impact of implementing a once-daily, low-volume lipid enema (LE) regimen on meconium evacuation, enteral nutrition, and gastrointestinal complications in preterm infants. It was found that LE had no clinically significant impact on meconium evacuation, early enteral or parenteral nutrition, but was associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Additional risk factors for focal intestinal perforation (FIP) and NEC included indomethacin administration and formula feeding, respectively.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ilaria Giretti, Rita D'Ascenzo, Alessio Correani, Luca Antognoli, Chiara Monachesi, Chiara Biagetti, Adriana Pompilio, Luisita Marinelli, Ilaria Burattini, Paola Cogo, Virgilio P. Carnielli
Summary: This study found that hypertriglyceridemia and lipid tolerance are common in preterm infants, particularly in infants with lower gestational age. Lipid tolerance is negatively associated with complications of prematurity.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Brenda Poindexter
Summary: Probiotic products in the US and Canada are increasingly used in preterm infants, despite lacking FDA approval and sufficient evidence on safety and efficacy. The use of dietary supplement-grade probiotics raises concerns due to potential contamination and lack of regulation. As such, universal administration of probiotics to preterm infants is not recommended based on current evidence.
Article
Pediatrics
Meiying Quan, Zhenghong Li, Danhua Wang, Kurt Schibler, Li Yang, Jie Liu, Xuanguang Qin, Xin Zhang, Tongyan Han, Ying Li
Summary: This study examined the parental nutrition practice and clinical prescription factors for hospitalized late preterm infants. The results showed that over half of the infants were supported by parenteral nutrition and factors such as gestational age, birth weight, hypoglycemia, small for gestational age, feeding intolerance, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal infection, and slow enteral nutrition advancement rate influenced the administration of parenteral nutrition.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Schirin Akhbari Ziegler, Michael von Rhein, Andre Meichtry, Markus Wirz, Tjitske Hielkema, Mijna Hadders-Algra
Summary: The study compared the impact of standard infant physiotherapy and the family-centered COPCA program on infants born before 32 weeks without significant brain lesions. The results showed that COPCA participants demonstrated significantly greater improvement in motor outcomes compared to standard care participants. COPCA coaching was positively associated with motor outcome at 18 months, suggesting its effectiveness in promoting infant development.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Felix Castillo Salinas, Alicia Montaner Ramon, Felix-Joel Castillo Ferrer, Adria Domingo-Carnice, Begona Cordobilla, Joan Carles Domingo
Summary: This study examines the differences in fatty acid profile between preterm and term neonates at birth and after 1 month. The findings indicate that preterm neonates have a deficiency in fatty acids at birth, which persists for the first month of life. This highlights the importance of adding DHA to milk banking and supplementing breastfeeding mothers with DHA.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chiara Biagetti, Alessio Correani, Rita D'Ascenzo, Enrica Ferretti, Cecilia Proietti, Luca Antognoli, Ilaria Giretti, Adriana Pompilio, Paola Cogo, Virgilio P. Carnielli
Summary: In a large cohort of preterm infants receiving routine PN, the use of fish oil containing LE did not lead to better neurodevelopment outcomes compared to standard LE, despite some infants already receiving fish oil-enriched lipid emulsions. Large randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the impact of fish oil containing LE on neurodevelopment in preterm infants.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Tarun Aurora, Audrey Cole, Parul Rai, Paul Lavoie, Carrie Mcivor, Lisa M. Klesges, Guolian Kang, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Heather M. Brandt, Jane S. Hankins
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vaccine strategy bundle in increasing HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates in a specialty clinic setting. By implementing the bundle, which included staff education, provider incentives, offering vaccines in clinics, and verifying vaccine completion, the clinic successfully improved HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates among sickle cell disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nienke M. Halbmeijer, Wes Onland, Jeroen Dudink, Filip Cools, Anne Debeer, Anton H. van Kaam, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Niek E. van der Aa
Summary: In ventilated infants born preterm, high dose systemic hydrocortisone initiated between 7 and 14 days after birth did not have a significant impact on brain development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Melton, Jianfang Liu, Hossein Sadeghi, Maureen George, Arlene Smaldone
Summary: This study aims to identify predictors of change in lung function and body weight during health care transition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The study findings highlight the importance of CF RISE program engagement and reducing gaps in care for improving the transition of adolescents and young adults with CF.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Duckworth, Kimberly A. Sutton, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Jinli Wang, Carla Hall-Moore, Lori R. Holtz, Phillip I. Tarr, Ronald C. Rubenstein
Summary: The study tested the usefulness of various biomarkers as indicators of gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis (CF) and investigated the repeatability of these measures in individuals over short periods and their correlation with clinical outcomes. The results showed that elevated levels of fLcn2 in individuals with CF may predict worsened pulmonary function.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Lindsey Haack, Nikkan Das, Arvind Hoskoppal, Mark Debrunner, Tarek Alsaied, Gaurav Arora
Summary: RAE on ECG has a low positive predictive value for RAE on echocardiogram in previously healthy young patients. The highest yield for RAE on echocardiogram was observed in patients who were <1 year of age, had RAE in the anterior precordial leads, or displayed right ventricular hypertrophy on ECG.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael A. Padula, Khatija Naing, Tara L. Wenger, Irfan Ahmad, Carl H. Coghill, K. Taylor Wild, S. Alex Rottgers, Cory M. Resnick, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zarmina Ehsan, Donna Watkins, Nicole Deptula, Kuan-Chi Lai, Janet Lioy, Semsa Gogcu, Christopher M. Cielo
Summary: This study describes the spectrum of disease and burden of care in infants with congenital micrognathia. The results show that these infants commonly require surgical intervention and tube feedings, and disparities based on race and among centers were identified.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. Fundora, Manvitha Kalicheti, Guantao Zhao, Kevin O. Maher, Nicoleta Serban
Summary: This study investigated the variation of outpatient opioid prescribing in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients across the US. The results showed that there were significant differences in opioid prescribing by race, ethnicity, sex, and region.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nianzhou Xiao, Michelle Starr, Adrienne Stolfi, Gilad Hamdani, Shireen Hashmat, Stefan G. Kiessling, Christina Sethna, Mahmoud Kallash, Robyn Matloff, Robert Woroniecki, Keia Sanderson, Ikuyo Yamaguchi, Stephen D. Cha, Michael G. Semanik, Rahul Chanchlani, Joseph T. Flynn, Mark Mitsnefes
Summary: This multicenter study reports that most infants diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension in the NICU will discontinue antihypertensive treatment within 2 years of discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment is associated with a decreased likelihood of needing antihypertensive therapy for more than 1 year.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Kanwaljit Singh, John Concato, Jonathan M. Davis
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Yaxing Meng, Harri Niinikoski, Suvi P. Rovio, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Feitong Wu, Antti Jula, Tapani Ronnemaa, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: This 26-year study shows a correlation between early-life non-HDL-C levels and future levels. Early dietary counseling can reduce the risk of high pediatric non-HDL-C, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in preventing cardiovascular risks.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kelsey A. B. Gastineau, Rebecca Bell, Allison Hanes, Sandra Mckay, Eric Sigel, Filoteia Popescu, Evan C. Sommer, Shari Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the self-reported counseling outcomes for a firearm safe storage counseling training program provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The results demonstrated significant improvement in counseling self-efficacy and frequency one month after the training.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kathryn E. K. Berlin, William Scott, Sara Dawson, David Brousseau, Joanne M. Lagatta
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of infants from NICU hospitalization to one year post-discharge. The study found that lower HRQL during NICU stay was associated with earlier gestational age, postnatal corticosteroid usage, outborn status, and gastrostomy tube placement. Lower HRQL at 3 and 12 months post-discharge was associated with readmissions, home oxygen use, parent-reported difficulty breathing, lower developmental scores, and not playing with other children. Most parents reported similar or improved HRQL after discharge, but parents of infants with respiratory symptoms experienced less improvement. Efforts to improve parent HRQL should focus on respiratory symptoms and social isolation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Garett J. Griffith, Alan P. Wang, Robert I. Liem, Michael R. Carr, Tyler Corson, Kendra Ward
Summary: This study developed reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6-18 years without underlying heart disease, measured by peak oxygen uptake and treadmill time. Fitness levels increased with age in males but not females. Males generally exhibited higher fitness levels compared to females in the same age groups.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
David S. Liu, Patricia Miller, Anna Rothenberg, Carley Vuillermin, Peter M. Waters, Andrea S. Bauer
Summary: This study aims to determine if children with elbow flexion contracture (EFC) caused by brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) are more likely to develop shoulder contracture and undergo surgical treatment. A retrospective review was conducted on children under 2 years old with BPBI who presented to a single children's hospital. The results showed that patients with EFC had reduced shoulder range of motion and higher odds of shoulder contracture and surgical treatment. Prompt referral to a BPBI specialty clinic is recommended for evaluation and potential surgery.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)