Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Evans, Deirdre O'Reilly, Jonathan N. Flyer, Roger Soll, Souvik Mitra
Summary: High-certainty evidence shows that indomethacin is effective in closing a symptomatic PDA compared to placebo or no treatment in preterm infants. However, evidence is insufficient regarding effects of indomethacin on other clinically relevant outcomes and medication-related adverse effects.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Adrianne Rahde Bischoff, Amy H. Stanford, Osamah Aldoss, Danielle R. Rios, Daniel McLennan, Bassel Mohammad Nijres, Regan E. Giesinger, Patrick J. McNamara
Summary: Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus leads to changes in left ventricular loading conditions, causing cardiovascular and respiratory instability in preterm infants. Post-closure cardiorespiratory instability is primarily characterized by oxygenation failure, which may be related to impaired diastolic performance.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Yu-Jen Wei, Yen-Ju Chen, Yung-Chieh Lin, Chung-Dann Kan, Min-Ling Hsieh, Yuh-Jyh Lin, Jing-Ming Wu, Jieh-Neng Wang
Summary: This study compared short-term respiratory outcomes in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants who received transcatheter occlusion or surgical ligation for significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The results showed no significant difference in respiratory outcomes between the two groups, although the transcatheter occlusion group displayed a trend towards early improvement in post-intervention respiratory trajectory. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these preliminary observations.
Article
Pediatrics
Janina Marissen, Harald Erdmann, Kai Bockenholt, Marc Hoppenz, Tanja K. Rausch, Christoph Haertel, Egbert Herting, Wolfgang Goepel
Summary: In this study, antibiotic treatment with aminoglycosides in preterm infants was associated with higher rates of surgical patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure, and the use of aminoglycosides was also correlated with a higher rate of anti-inflammatory drug use.
Review
Pediatrics
Aimann Surak, Amish Jain, Abbas Hyderi
Summary: Acetaminophen is increasingly being used as a pharmacological treatment for hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants. It can be used in various approaches, such as prophylaxis, symptomatic treatment, targeted treatment, and rescue treatment. However, the long-term outcomes of early acetaminophen exposure remain uncertain.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Ayala Gover, Philip T. Levy, Avi Rotschild, Marcelo Golzman, Michal Molad, Karen Lavie-Nevo, Irena Kessel
Summary: Oral administration of paracetamol as a first-line agent is more efficacious to constrict the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) than the intravenous route, irrespective of gestational age or course duration.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Sarah Parkerson, Ranjit Philip, Ajay Talati, Shyam Sathanandam
Summary: PDA, the most commonly found cardiac condition in neonates, still sparks debate among healthcare professionals due to the lack of long-term benefits with interventions studied. This article briefly summarizes the history, embryology, and histology of PDA, discusses its hemodynamic significance, and introduces TCPC as a possible solution for this age-old problem.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Asmaa A. Osman, Muflih Albalawi, Shyamala Dakshinamurti, Martha Hinton, Fatema Elhawary, Wegdan Mawlana, Yasser Elsayed
Summary: This study aimed to investigate changes in perfusion index and other vital signs before, during, and after PDA treatment in preterm infants, as well as the utility of PI and other vital sign histograms in early prediction of hsPDA. The study found that episodes of low PI and high PI were significantly longer in infants with PDA before treatment compared to those in infants with PDA during and after treatment. Low PI correlated with echocardiography indices of hsPDA, suggesting that PI variability may serve as an early marker for hsPDA.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chae Young Kim, Sung-Hoon Chung
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term morbidities and efficacy of single-dose prophylactic intravenous ibuprofen for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on the first day of life in preterm infants. The results showed that the prophylactic treatment with a single dose of intravenous ibuprofen reduced the occurrence of persistent PDA and intraventricular hemorrhage (>= grade 2), and shortened the duration of invasive ventilatory support, central venous catheter use, and hospital stay.
Review
Pediatrics
Hannes Sallmon, Natalie Timme, Begum Atasay, Omer Erdeve, Georg Hansmann, Yogen Singh, Sven C. Weber, Elaine L. Shelton
Summary: Platelets play a critical role in the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Studies have shown that thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction contribute to the failure of both spontaneous and pharmacological closure of PDA. However, the clinical significance of platelet effects on PDA closure in preterm infants appears to be moderate, and platelet transfusions for this purpose may do more harm than good.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Bonny Jasani, Souvik Mitra, Prakeshkumar S. Shah
Summary: This study summarized the efficacy and safety of paracetamol for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm and low birth weight infants. The results suggested that paracetamol may have similar effectiveness as ibuprofen or indomethacin, and prophylactic paracetamol may be more effective than placebo. Early paracetamol treatment may also be more effective than placebo. Further studies are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of paracetamol in extremely low birth weight and extremely low gestational age neonates.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Charalampos Kotidis, David Wertheim, Michael Weindling, Heike Rabe, Mark A. Turner
Summary: Monitoring patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants using standard neonatal monitoring, including ECG and blood pressure waveform analysis, may provide potential biomarkers for continuous evaluation of PDA diameter and function. The study found significant correlations between PDA diameter and various parameters derived from ECG and blood pressure waveforms, suggesting a promising approach for assessing PDA status.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Craig R. Wheeler, Daniel Gagner, Holly Stephens, Amelia Kraus, David Zurakowski, Kevin G. Friedman, Juan C. Ibla, Ryan Callahan, Diego Porras, Philip T. Levy
Summary: Surgical ligation and elevated Respiratory Severity Score (RSS) values within the first 12 hours after closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are independent risk factors for high-frequency ventilation (HFV) requirement.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Koert de Waal, Nilkant Phad, Michelle Stubbs, Yan Chen, Martin Kluckow
Summary: The study found that early treatment with NSAIDs in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus had a higher closure rate, but did not significantly impact clinical outcomes. The recruitment rate for a future large trial was high, with a low incidence of open-label treatment.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Marien Lenoir, Chloe Wanert, Damien Bonnet, Mathilde Meot, Barthelemy Tosello, Virginie Fouilloux, Caroline Ovaert, Sophie Malekzadeh-Milani
Summary: This study compared the short- and medium-term morbidity and mortality of surgical mini-invasive and transcatheter closure of PDA in preterm infants <1,600 g, finding equivalent efficiency and safety between the two methods.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Adel A. Mohamed, Deepak Louis, Aimann Surak, Dany E. Weisz, Patrick J. McNamara, Amish Jain
Summary: This study described the clinical outcomes of preterm neonates with refractory persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) treated with vasopressin. Most patients showed significant improvement in respiratory and hemodynamic variables after vasopressin therapy, with a relatively high survival rate.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amish Jain, Regan E. Giesinger, Shyamala Dakshinamurti, Yasser ElSayed, Robert P. Jankov, Dany E. Weisz, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Souvik Mitra, Mjaye L. Mazwi, Joseph Ting, Michael Narvey, Patrick J. McNamara
Summary: In this review, the importance of circulatory transition in newborns after birth is discussed, along with the biological and clinical factors influencing its pathophysiology. A management framework is also presented.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Aisling Smith, Sean Armstrong, Eugene Dempsey, Afif EL-Khuffash
Summary: This study examined the effects of PRBC transfusion on pulmonary vascular resistance, systemic vascular resistance, myocardial function, and oxygenation in premature babies. The results showed that PRBC transfusion reduced PVR, but the presence of a PDA had differential effects on right ventricular function and splanchnic oxygenation.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Patrick J. McNamara, Satyan Lakshminrusimha
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Afif El-Khuffash, Patrick J. McNamara, Colm Breatnach, Neidin Bussmann, Aisling Smith, Oliver Feeney, Elizabeth Tully, Joanna Griffin, Willem P. de Boode, Brian Cleary, Orla Franklin, Eugene Dempsey
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of milrinone administration on time spent on nitric oxide (iNO) in infants with acute pulmonary hypertension (aPH). The results showed that milrinone did not reduce the time on iNO therapy and there were difficulties in recruiting participants. There is still a lack of research in this field regarding acute pulmonary hypertension in infants.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
R. E. Giesinger, A. F. El-Khuffash, P. J. McNamara
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the recovery of arterial pressure and physiological recovery among patients with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy undergoing therapeutic hypothermia. The results showed that, despite recovered arterial pressure, inotrope-treated patients still had persistent severe right ventricular dysfunction and evidence of abnormal brain tissue oxygen delivery. In conclusion, arterial pressure is not indicative of right ventricular function, and the need for inotropic agents may indicate abnormal brain tissue oxygen delivery.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Timothy J. J. Boly, John M. M. Dagle, Jonathan M. M. Klein, Danielle R. R. Rios, Patrick J. J. McNamara, Regan E. E. Giesinger
Summary: This study evaluated the outcomes of extremely premature infants who received inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for hypoxic respiratory failure (HRF). Results showed that 63% of infants had a positive response to iNO, which was associated with decreased incidence of death or grade 3 BPD at 36 weeks postmenstrual age compared to a negative response. The study suggests that extremely premature infants have a positive response rate to iNO comparable to term infants when used for PH in the transitional period.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Rachel Mullaly, Afif Faisal El-Khuffash
Summary: The management of low blood flow states in premature neonates is challenging due to the over-reliance on protocols that do not consider underlying pathophysiology, leading to misuse of vasoactive agents. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology may guide choice of treatment and assess physiological response to intervention.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aisling Smith, Orla Franklin, Edgar Mocanu, Naomi McCallion, Afif EL-Khuffash
Summary: This study aimed to assess myocardial function and pulmonary hemodynamic measurements in infants conceived via assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and compare them to spontaneously conceived controls. The results showed that infants conceived via ART had higher right ventricular basal and mid cavity diameters, lower pulmonary artery acceleration time, and higher left ventricular eccentricity index. Furthermore, they had lower myocardial strain measurements at different time points. These findings suggest the need for increased cardiovascular surveillance in ART-conceived infants.
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-A JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ULTRASOUND AND ALLIED TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Madeline S. Beauchene, Alison M. Cunningham, Amy H. Stanford, Adrianne R. Bischoff, John M. Dagle, Danielle R. Rios, Jonathan M. Klein, Regan E. Giesinger, Patrick J. McNamara
Summary: This retrospective study investigated the relationship between the presence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and response to late surfactant treatment in extremely preterm infants with hypoxic respiratory failure. The results showed that absence of PDA was associated with a positive response to surfactant treatment, while presence of PDA was associated with a negative response. These findings suggest that PDA status should be considered when deciding on late surfactant treatment in this population.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Sujith Kumar Reddy Gurram Venkata, Abhay Lodha, Matthew Hicks, Amish Jain, Anie Lapointe, Hala Makary, Jaideep Kanungo, Kyong-Soon Lee, Xiang Ye, Prakesh S. Shah, Amuchou S. Soraisham, Canadian Neonatal Network, Canadian Neonatal Follow Up Network
Summary: This study aimed to assess the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm neonates who received inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for hypoxaemic respiratory failure (HRF) in the first week of age. The study found that among the surviving infants assessed at 18-24 months corrected age (CA), those who received iNO treatment were not associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Faith Zhu, Daniel Ibarra Rios, Sebastien Joye, Michelle Baczynski, Danielle Rios, Regan E. Giesinger, Patrick J. McNamara, Amish Jain
Summary: This study aimed to examine the cardiopulmonary physiological impact of diuretics in preterm infants with chronic pulmonary hypertension (cPH) using targeted neonatal echocardiography (TNE). The results showed that diuretic therapy was associated with improvement in pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricular and left ventricular function and compliance. After treatment, there was a significant decrease in the frequency of bidirectional/right-to-left inter-atrial shunts.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amish Jain, J. Lauren Ruoss, Maria V. Fraga, Patrick J. McNamara
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Tarun Aurora, Audrey Cole, Parul Rai, Paul Lavoie, Carrie Mcivor, Lisa M. Klesges, Guolian Kang, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Heather M. Brandt, Jane S. Hankins
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vaccine strategy bundle in increasing HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates in a specialty clinic setting. By implementing the bundle, which included staff education, provider incentives, offering vaccines in clinics, and verifying vaccine completion, the clinic successfully improved HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates among sickle cell disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nienke M. Halbmeijer, Wes Onland, Jeroen Dudink, Filip Cools, Anne Debeer, Anton H. van Kaam, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Niek E. van der Aa
Summary: In ventilated infants born preterm, high dose systemic hydrocortisone initiated between 7 and 14 days after birth did not have a significant impact on brain development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Melton, Jianfang Liu, Hossein Sadeghi, Maureen George, Arlene Smaldone
Summary: This study aims to identify predictors of change in lung function and body weight during health care transition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The study findings highlight the importance of CF RISE program engagement and reducing gaps in care for improving the transition of adolescents and young adults with CF.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Duckworth, Kimberly A. Sutton, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Jinli Wang, Carla Hall-Moore, Lori R. Holtz, Phillip I. Tarr, Ronald C. Rubenstein
Summary: The study tested the usefulness of various biomarkers as indicators of gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis (CF) and investigated the repeatability of these measures in individuals over short periods and their correlation with clinical outcomes. The results showed that elevated levels of fLcn2 in individuals with CF may predict worsened pulmonary function.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Lindsey Haack, Nikkan Das, Arvind Hoskoppal, Mark Debrunner, Tarek Alsaied, Gaurav Arora
Summary: RAE on ECG has a low positive predictive value for RAE on echocardiogram in previously healthy young patients. The highest yield for RAE on echocardiogram was observed in patients who were <1 year of age, had RAE in the anterior precordial leads, or displayed right ventricular hypertrophy on ECG.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael A. Padula, Khatija Naing, Tara L. Wenger, Irfan Ahmad, Carl H. Coghill, K. Taylor Wild, S. Alex Rottgers, Cory M. Resnick, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zarmina Ehsan, Donna Watkins, Nicole Deptula, Kuan-Chi Lai, Janet Lioy, Semsa Gogcu, Christopher M. Cielo
Summary: This study describes the spectrum of disease and burden of care in infants with congenital micrognathia. The results show that these infants commonly require surgical intervention and tube feedings, and disparities based on race and among centers were identified.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. Fundora, Manvitha Kalicheti, Guantao Zhao, Kevin O. Maher, Nicoleta Serban
Summary: This study investigated the variation of outpatient opioid prescribing in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients across the US. The results showed that there were significant differences in opioid prescribing by race, ethnicity, sex, and region.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nianzhou Xiao, Michelle Starr, Adrienne Stolfi, Gilad Hamdani, Shireen Hashmat, Stefan G. Kiessling, Christina Sethna, Mahmoud Kallash, Robyn Matloff, Robert Woroniecki, Keia Sanderson, Ikuyo Yamaguchi, Stephen D. Cha, Michael G. Semanik, Rahul Chanchlani, Joseph T. Flynn, Mark Mitsnefes
Summary: This multicenter study reports that most infants diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension in the NICU will discontinue antihypertensive treatment within 2 years of discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment is associated with a decreased likelihood of needing antihypertensive therapy for more than 1 year.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Kanwaljit Singh, John Concato, Jonathan M. Davis
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Yaxing Meng, Harri Niinikoski, Suvi P. Rovio, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Feitong Wu, Antti Jula, Tapani Ronnemaa, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: This 26-year study shows a correlation between early-life non-HDL-C levels and future levels. Early dietary counseling can reduce the risk of high pediatric non-HDL-C, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in preventing cardiovascular risks.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kelsey A. B. Gastineau, Rebecca Bell, Allison Hanes, Sandra Mckay, Eric Sigel, Filoteia Popescu, Evan C. Sommer, Shari Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the self-reported counseling outcomes for a firearm safe storage counseling training program provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The results demonstrated significant improvement in counseling self-efficacy and frequency one month after the training.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kathryn E. K. Berlin, William Scott, Sara Dawson, David Brousseau, Joanne M. Lagatta
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of infants from NICU hospitalization to one year post-discharge. The study found that lower HRQL during NICU stay was associated with earlier gestational age, postnatal corticosteroid usage, outborn status, and gastrostomy tube placement. Lower HRQL at 3 and 12 months post-discharge was associated with readmissions, home oxygen use, parent-reported difficulty breathing, lower developmental scores, and not playing with other children. Most parents reported similar or improved HRQL after discharge, but parents of infants with respiratory symptoms experienced less improvement. Efforts to improve parent HRQL should focus on respiratory symptoms and social isolation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Garett J. Griffith, Alan P. Wang, Robert I. Liem, Michael R. Carr, Tyler Corson, Kendra Ward
Summary: This study developed reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6-18 years without underlying heart disease, measured by peak oxygen uptake and treadmill time. Fitness levels increased with age in males but not females. Males generally exhibited higher fitness levels compared to females in the same age groups.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
David S. Liu, Patricia Miller, Anna Rothenberg, Carley Vuillermin, Peter M. Waters, Andrea S. Bauer
Summary: This study aims to determine if children with elbow flexion contracture (EFC) caused by brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) are more likely to develop shoulder contracture and undergo surgical treatment. A retrospective review was conducted on children under 2 years old with BPBI who presented to a single children's hospital. The results showed that patients with EFC had reduced shoulder range of motion and higher odds of shoulder contracture and surgical treatment. Prompt referral to a BPBI specialty clinic is recommended for evaluation and potential surgery.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
