Article
Clinical Neurology
Weihong Yuan, Leanne Tamm, Karen Harpster, Mekibib Altaye, Venkata Sita Priyanka Illapani, Nehal A. Parikh
Summary: DTI analysis revealed significant microstructural differences between VPT infants with different grades of IVH, showing associations with early motor function and Fear temperament ratings. The severity of IVH was found to moderate the relationship between DTI metrics and motor and Fear ratings significantly.
Article
Pediatrics
Li-Min Guo, Meng Zhao, Yue Cai, Na Li, Xiao-quan Xu, Xuan Zhang, Jiu-Lou Zhang, Qi-Lian Xie, Si-si Li, Xiao-Qing Chen, Shu-Dong Cui, Chao Lu
Summary: This study investigated the white matter impairments and neurodevelopmental outcomes of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in extremely preterm infants. The results showed that motor and language abilities at age 2 years were associated with mean kurtosis (MK) values of diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) at term equivalent age in both posterior limbs of the internal capsule (PLIC) and the corpus callosum. The findings suggest that MK values might provide feasible indicators of neurodevelopmental outcomes in this population.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Albert M. Isaacs, Jeffrey J. Neil, James P. McAllister, Sonika Dahiya, Leandro Castaneyra-Ruiz, Harri Merisaari, Haley E. Botteron, Dimitrios Alexopoulous, Ajit George, Peng Sun, Diego M. Morales, Joshua Shimony, Jennifer Strahle, Yan Yan, Sheng-Kwei Song, David D. Limbrick, Christopher Smyser
Summary: This study used diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) to investigate the neurologic deficits of neonatal post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). The results showed that infants with PHH had severe white matter abnormalities and specific patterns of axonal and myelin injury, fiber loss, cellular infiltration, and inflammation. The study also found a correlation between increasing ventricular size and worse DBSI metrics.
Article
Pediatrics
Kimberly N. Grelli, Roberta L. Keller, Elizabeth E. Rogers, J. Colin Partridge, Duan Xu, A. James Barkovich, Dawn Gano
Summary: Cumulative supplemental oxygen and mean airway pressure are associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and white matter injury (WMI) in preterm infants, and early respiratory status influences adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Mengying Yu, Dongqin Zhu, Zhixian Luo, Zhifang Pan, Yunjun Yang, Haoli Xu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between white matter lesion (WML) severity and delayed intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), as well as the association between WML and baseline IVH. The results showed that moderate-severe WML was an independent risk factor for both delayed IVH and baseline IVH.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Miriam Zamorano, Scott D. Olson, Candice Haase, Juan J. Herrera, Shuning Huang, David J. Sequeira, Charles S. Cox Jr, Brandon A. Miller
Summary: Inflammation and white matter injury are consequences of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). The effects of IVH occurring at different developmental time points in the same model have not been examined. Understanding how the timing of IVH affects outcome may provide important insights into both IVH pathophysiology and innate immune development.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Igor Y. Iskusnykh, Victor V. Chizhikov
Summary: Preterm birth and its associated factors have negative impacts on cerebellar development, which is involved in motor coordination, cognition, learning, memory, and social communication. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating cerebellar pathology affected by preterm birth is crucial for developing new treatment and neuroprotective strategies to improve cognitive, behavioral, and motor deficits in preterm individuals.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Melinda Matyas, Monica Hasmasanu, Ciprian N. Silaghi, Gabriel Samasca, Iulia Lupan, Kovacs Orsolya, Gabriela Zaharie
Summary: The study reveals that early preeclampsia increases the risk of complications in preterm neonates and is correlated with hematological changes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Xiongjie Fu, Guoyang Zhou, Jianfeng Zhuang, Chaoran Xu, Hang Zhou, Yucong Peng, Yang Cao, Hanhai Zeng, Jianru Li, Feng Yan, Lin Wang, Gao Chen
Summary: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke with high morbidity, mortality, and disability rates. Research indicates that the development of white matter injury (WMI) following ICH is complex and determines the prognosis of patients. Comprehensive treatment and understanding the relationship between WMI and other brain cells may reveal therapeutic targets for ICH.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Caterina Coviello, Serafina Perrone, Giuseppe Buonocore, Simona Negro, Mariangela Longini, Carlo Dani, Linda S. de Vries, Floris Groenendaal, Daniel C. Vijlbrief, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Maria Luisa Tataranno
Summary: The study found that preterm white matter is vulnerable to lipid peroxidation injury, and measuring F2-isoprostanes (IPs) within 24-48 hours postnatal may help identify newborns at risk for brain injury.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seh Hyun Kim, Seung Han Shin, Hyo Ju Yang, Seul Gi Park, Soo Yeon Lim, Young Hun Choi, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim
Summary: Isolated cerebellar hemorrhage (CBH) is associated with abnormal motor development in preterm infants, and this study found it to be related to PCO2 fluctuation within 72 hours after birth. Isolated CBH accompanied by adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes is associated with a smaller ventral diencephalon and midbrain.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenqiao Fu, Xudong Che, Jiahe Tan, Shizhen Cui, Yinrui Ma, Daiqi Xu, Haibo Long, Xiaolin Yang, Tangmin Wen, Zhaohui He
Summary: Rasd1 plays a modulated role in ferroptosis of oligodendrocytes in white matter injury following SAH. Rasd1 mainly located in neurons after SAH. Rasd1 significantly inhibits UCP2 functions and induces elevated ROS levels. Subsequently, such changes trigger glia activation and oxidative stress and finally result in increasing NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in oligodendrocytes and causes ferroptosis. Ferroptosis of oligodendrocytes contributes to white matter injury in EBI following SAH.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Pilar Alves-Martinez, Isabel Atienza-Navarro, Maria Vargas-Soria, Maria Jose Carranza-Naval, Carmen Infante-Garcia, Isabel Benavente-Fernandez, Angel Del Marco, Simon Lubian-Lopez, Monica Garcia-Alloza
Summary: Germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is a common intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants, resulting in neurological disabilities. This study demonstrates the neuroprotective effects of caffeine in GM-IVH, including reduced brain atrophy, improved neuronal wellbeing, preserved neurogenesis, and decreased inflammation. Caffeine treatment also leads to significant improvements in learning and memory abilities.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Heng Yang, Wei Ni, Pengju Wei, Sicheng Li, Xinjie Gao, Jiabin Su, Hanqiang Jiang, Yu Lei, Liangfu Zhou, Yuxiang Gu
Summary: Inhibition of HDACs can reduce neuroinflammation and white matter damage after ICH by modulating microglia/macrophage polarization, leading to improved neurological functional recovery.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Zungho Zun, Kushal Kapse, Marni Jacobs, Sudeepta Basu, Mariam Said, Nicole Andersen, Jonathan Murnick, Taeun Chang, Adre du Plessis, Catherine Limperopoulos
Summary: This study longitudinally assessed cerebral blood flow in very preterm infants during the ex utero third trimester, showing significant increases in all regions with advancing postmenstrual age, particularly in the cerebellum. Lower CBF was associated with intraventricular hemorrhage and medically managed patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.
Article
Pediatrics
Thiviya Selvanathan, Ting Guo, Eddie Kwan, Vann Chau, Rollin Brant, Anne R. Synnes, Ruth E. Grunau, Steven P. Miller
Summary: Small birth head circumference is associated with poorer neurodevelopment outcomes, while small head circumference at discharge is linked to lower scores in motor, cognitive, and language assessments in children with small birth head circumference. Head circumference strongly correlates with total cerebral volume at term-equivalent age, but total cerebral volume is not associated with developmental outcomes.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shalin A. Parekh, Stephany M. Cox, A. James Barkovich, Vann Chau, Martina A. Steurer, Duan Xu, Steven P. Miller, Patrick S. McQuillen, Shabnam Peyvandi
Summary: The study found that newborns with TGA were more likely to have asymmetric growth, while newborns with SVP were more likely to have symmetrically small size. However, birth growth parameters were not significantly associated with preoperative brain MRI results or NDO at 30 months.
PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrea Ovcjak, Aijiao Xiao, Ji-Sun Kim, Baofeng Xu, Vivian Szeto, Ekaterina Turlova, Ahmed Abussaud, Nai-hong Chen, Steven P. Miller, Hong-Shuo Sun, Zhong-Ping Feng
Summary: In this study, the effects of RyR antagonist, dantrolene, on hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury were investigated in neonatal mice. It was found that dantrolene administration reduced the infarction volume and morphological damage induced by HI and improved functional recovery. In vitro experiments showed that dantrolene protected neuronal cells from oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced cell death and reduced intracellular calcium levels. These findings suggest that dantrolene exerts neuroprotective effects against neonatal HI brain injury and RyRs may play a role in mediating the ionic imbalance induced by HI, making them a potential target for drug development.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Min Sheng, Ting Guo, Connor Mabbott, Vann Chau, Anne Synnes, Linda S. de Vries, Ruth E. Grunau, Steven P. Miller
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between ventricular volume and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children born very preterm. The results showed that ventricular size at birth was associated with cognitive and motor outcomes at 4.5 years, suggesting abnormal white matter maturation in the setting of enlarged ventricular size.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Vann Chau, Sonia L. Bonifacio, Pia Wintermark
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Bronwyn Lamond, Samantha D. Roberts, Steven P. Miller, Shari L. Wade, Tricia S. Williams
Summary: There is a historic lack of research studies on psychosocially geared treatments for congenital and neonatal conditions that impact brain development. This study aimed to systematically investigate the effects of interventions on school and psychological outcomes for children with neonatal brain injury. The results suggest that psychosocial interventions may have positive effects on academic outcomes, behavior, and quality of life.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Emma G. Duerden, Mia A. Mclean, Cecil Chau, Ting Guo, Margot Mackay, Vann Chau, Anne Synnes, Steven P. Miller, Ruth E. Grunau
Summary: This study found that in extremely preterm neonates born between 24-28 weeks' gestational age, more invasive procedures were associated with poorer sensory processing. Additionally, in the overall cohort, fewer sensory processing problems were correlated with greater thalamic growth between birth and term-equivalent age.
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias W. Wagner, Delvin So, Ting Guo, Lauren Erdman, Min Sheng, S. Ufkes, Ruth E. Grunau, Anne Synnes, Helen M. Branson, Vann Chau, Manohar M. Shroff, Birgit B. Ertl-Wagner, Steven P. Miller
Summary: This study aims to predict adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in very preterm neonates. By using brain MRI and extracting radiomic features, it was found that radiomic features outperformed clinical variables in predicting motor outcomes, and combining the two improved predictive performance.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jillian Vinall Miller, Vann Chau, Anne Synnes, Steven P. Miller, Ruth E. Grunau
Summary: This study suggests that supportive maternal behavior can buffer the association between early brain dysmaturation and cognitive and language performance, providing an opportunity to promote optimal neurodevelopment in children born very preterm.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shabnam Peyvandi, Duan Xu, James Barkovich, Dawn Gano, Vann Chau, V. Mohan Reddy, Thiviya Selvanathan, Ting Guo, J. William Gaynor, Mike Seed, Steven P. Miller, Patrick McQuillen
Summary: This study examined the rate and changes in preoperative and postoperative brain injury among neonates with complex congenital heart disease. The results showed no significant change in preoperative white matter injury and stroke rates, but a decrease in postoperative white matter injury rate. Higher postoperative blood pressures may explain this decline.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Emily W. Y. Tam
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Katherine M. Sawicka, Lindsey M. Vogt, Danielle M. Andrade, Hans D. Katzberg, Steven P. Miller, Mahendranath Moharir, David F. Tang-Wai, Ana Marissa Lagman-Bartolome
Summary: This article discusses the current landscape and unmet needs of pediatric to adult transition care in neurology and introduces the activities of the University of Toronto Pediatric-Adult Transition Working Group. The aim is to establish a national neurology transition strategy.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma G. Duerden, Ting Guo, Cecil Chau, Vann Chau, Anne Synnes, Ruth E. Grunau, Steven P. Miller
Summary: Early exposure to benzodiazepines, specifically midazolam, in neonates may lead to reduced hippocampal volumes in preterm children, which can have long-lasting effects on learning and memory, particularly in boys.
Article
Pediatrics
Tarun Aurora, Audrey Cole, Parul Rai, Paul Lavoie, Carrie Mcivor, Lisa M. Klesges, Guolian Kang, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Heather M. Brandt, Jane S. Hankins
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vaccine strategy bundle in increasing HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates in a specialty clinic setting. By implementing the bundle, which included staff education, provider incentives, offering vaccines in clinics, and verifying vaccine completion, the clinic successfully improved HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates among sickle cell disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nienke M. Halbmeijer, Wes Onland, Jeroen Dudink, Filip Cools, Anne Debeer, Anton H. van Kaam, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Niek E. van der Aa
Summary: In ventilated infants born preterm, high dose systemic hydrocortisone initiated between 7 and 14 days after birth did not have a significant impact on brain development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Melton, Jianfang Liu, Hossein Sadeghi, Maureen George, Arlene Smaldone
Summary: This study aims to identify predictors of change in lung function and body weight during health care transition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The study findings highlight the importance of CF RISE program engagement and reducing gaps in care for improving the transition of adolescents and young adults with CF.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Duckworth, Kimberly A. Sutton, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Jinli Wang, Carla Hall-Moore, Lori R. Holtz, Phillip I. Tarr, Ronald C. Rubenstein
Summary: The study tested the usefulness of various biomarkers as indicators of gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis (CF) and investigated the repeatability of these measures in individuals over short periods and their correlation with clinical outcomes. The results showed that elevated levels of fLcn2 in individuals with CF may predict worsened pulmonary function.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Lindsey Haack, Nikkan Das, Arvind Hoskoppal, Mark Debrunner, Tarek Alsaied, Gaurav Arora
Summary: RAE on ECG has a low positive predictive value for RAE on echocardiogram in previously healthy young patients. The highest yield for RAE on echocardiogram was observed in patients who were <1 year of age, had RAE in the anterior precordial leads, or displayed right ventricular hypertrophy on ECG.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael A. Padula, Khatija Naing, Tara L. Wenger, Irfan Ahmad, Carl H. Coghill, K. Taylor Wild, S. Alex Rottgers, Cory M. Resnick, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zarmina Ehsan, Donna Watkins, Nicole Deptula, Kuan-Chi Lai, Janet Lioy, Semsa Gogcu, Christopher M. Cielo
Summary: This study describes the spectrum of disease and burden of care in infants with congenital micrognathia. The results show that these infants commonly require surgical intervention and tube feedings, and disparities based on race and among centers were identified.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. Fundora, Manvitha Kalicheti, Guantao Zhao, Kevin O. Maher, Nicoleta Serban
Summary: This study investigated the variation of outpatient opioid prescribing in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients across the US. The results showed that there were significant differences in opioid prescribing by race, ethnicity, sex, and region.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nianzhou Xiao, Michelle Starr, Adrienne Stolfi, Gilad Hamdani, Shireen Hashmat, Stefan G. Kiessling, Christina Sethna, Mahmoud Kallash, Robyn Matloff, Robert Woroniecki, Keia Sanderson, Ikuyo Yamaguchi, Stephen D. Cha, Michael G. Semanik, Rahul Chanchlani, Joseph T. Flynn, Mark Mitsnefes
Summary: This multicenter study reports that most infants diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension in the NICU will discontinue antihypertensive treatment within 2 years of discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment is associated with a decreased likelihood of needing antihypertensive therapy for more than 1 year.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Kanwaljit Singh, John Concato, Jonathan M. Davis
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Yaxing Meng, Harri Niinikoski, Suvi P. Rovio, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Feitong Wu, Antti Jula, Tapani Ronnemaa, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: This 26-year study shows a correlation between early-life non-HDL-C levels and future levels. Early dietary counseling can reduce the risk of high pediatric non-HDL-C, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in preventing cardiovascular risks.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kelsey A. B. Gastineau, Rebecca Bell, Allison Hanes, Sandra Mckay, Eric Sigel, Filoteia Popescu, Evan C. Sommer, Shari Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the self-reported counseling outcomes for a firearm safe storage counseling training program provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The results demonstrated significant improvement in counseling self-efficacy and frequency one month after the training.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kathryn E. K. Berlin, William Scott, Sara Dawson, David Brousseau, Joanne M. Lagatta
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of infants from NICU hospitalization to one year post-discharge. The study found that lower HRQL during NICU stay was associated with earlier gestational age, postnatal corticosteroid usage, outborn status, and gastrostomy tube placement. Lower HRQL at 3 and 12 months post-discharge was associated with readmissions, home oxygen use, parent-reported difficulty breathing, lower developmental scores, and not playing with other children. Most parents reported similar or improved HRQL after discharge, but parents of infants with respiratory symptoms experienced less improvement. Efforts to improve parent HRQL should focus on respiratory symptoms and social isolation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Garett J. Griffith, Alan P. Wang, Robert I. Liem, Michael R. Carr, Tyler Corson, Kendra Ward
Summary: This study developed reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6-18 years without underlying heart disease, measured by peak oxygen uptake and treadmill time. Fitness levels increased with age in males but not females. Males generally exhibited higher fitness levels compared to females in the same age groups.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
David S. Liu, Patricia Miller, Anna Rothenberg, Carley Vuillermin, Peter M. Waters, Andrea S. Bauer
Summary: This study aims to determine if children with elbow flexion contracture (EFC) caused by brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) are more likely to develop shoulder contracture and undergo surgical treatment. A retrospective review was conducted on children under 2 years old with BPBI who presented to a single children's hospital. The results showed that patients with EFC had reduced shoulder range of motion and higher odds of shoulder contracture and surgical treatment. Prompt referral to a BPBI specialty clinic is recommended for evaluation and potential surgery.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)