Article
Oncology
N. Robinson, H. Brown, Elie Antoun, Keith M. Godfrey, Mark A. Hanson, Karen A. Lillycrop, Sarah R. Crozier, Robert Murray, M. S. Pearce, C. L. Relton, V Albani, J. A. McKay
Summary: High early postnatal weight gain is associated with small increases in childhood methylation at two CpG sites, with one of them also linked to subsequent overweight/obesity. Rapid weight gain in infancy did not show differential DNA methylation in adolescence.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jing Wei, Shuang Liu, Yue Cheng, Wenfang Yang, Zhonghai Zhu, Lingxia Zeng
Summary: This study found that higher weight-for-age z score and rapid weight gain during infancy, particularly from birth to 3 months of age, were associated with an increased likelihood of puberty onset in girls.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kai Ling Kong, Brenda Burgess, Katherine S. Morris, Tyler Re, Holly R. Hull, Debra K. Sullivan, Rocco A. Paluch
Summary: The study revealed a connection between added sugars in formula and rapid weight gain in infants and toddlers. Infants primarily fed with formula consumed nearly double the energy from added sugars and experienced faster weight gain compared to breastfed infants.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ping Li, You Lu, Di Qie, Ling Feng, Guoqian He, Sufei Yang, Fan Yang
Summary: The study identified that extremely rapid weight gain pattern in the first 2 years increased the risk of overweight/obesity in term small-for-gestational age infants aged 2-5 years. Monitoring weight gain in infancy is crucial for primary prevention of childhood obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Francisco Dionicio Lopez, Neora Alterman, Ronit Calderon-Margalit, Michael Hauzer, Itai Kloog, Raanan Raz
Summary: Exposure to high ambient temperatures during infancy in Israel is positively associated with rapid infant weight gain, suggesting the importance of considering temperature exposure in the context of childhood obesity prevention efforts. Future studies should further investigate the nature and sources of this association.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qiqi Ren, Kaifeng Li, Han Sun, Chengdong Zheng, Yalin Zhou, Ying Lyu, Wanyun Ye, Hanxu Shi, Wei Zhang, Yajun Xu, Shilong Jiang
Summary: The study found that there was no significant difference in growth between formula-fed and breastfed infants in the early stages of life. However, infants consuming formula with higher protein content grew faster at 2-3 months old. Furthermore, formula-fed infants showed faster growth compared to breastfed infants as time progressed.
Article
Pediatrics
Miaobing Zheng, Kylie D. Hesketh, Peter Vuillermin, Jodie Dodd, Li Ming Wen, Louise A. Baur, Rachael Taylor, Rebecca Byrne, Seema Mihrshahi, Peter D. Sly, Mimi L. K. Tang, Karen J. Campbell
Summary: This study explored the child and maternal factors associated with rapid weight gain (RWG) in infants. It found that boys, higher birth weight, longer gestational age, breastfeeding for at least 6 months, children of native-born mothers, and maternal smoking during pregnancy increased the risk of RWG. On the other hand, starting solids at 6 months or later and having siblings showed lower risk of RWG.
Article
Anthropology
Lukhanyo H. Nyati, John M. Pettifor, Ken K. Ong, Shane A. Norris
Summary: This study found that ethnic differences have an impact on the timing, magnitude, and intensity of adolescent growth. Early life factors such as birth weight and weight and height gain in infancy also influence adolescent growth.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Samuel Schafer, Felicia Sundling, Anthony Liu, David Raubenheimer, Ralph Nanan
Summary: The study examines the relationships between maternal factors, offspring sex, and prenatal and postnatal weight gain, revealing that maternal ethnicity impacts postnatal weight gain differently in male and female children, and parity and mode of feeding influence weight velocity in female but not male offspring. The findings suggest an increase in maternal resource allocation to consecutive offspring after a male firstborn, potentially mediated by breastfeeding. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of breastfeeding on infant growth and metabolic/cardiovascular diseases, with implications for tailoring infant formula according to sex and birth order.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Megan E. Petrov, Corrie M. Whisner, David McCormick, Michael Todd, Lucy Reyna, Elizabeth Reifsnider
Summary: Study findings suggest that the frequency of napping at 1 month was associated with RWG at 6 months, and a 1-hour increase in nocturnal sleep compared to diurnal sleep was linked to increased odds of overweight at 36 months. This highlights the importance of early-life sleep patterns in obesity prevention and intervention.
Article
Pediatrics
Louise Fangupo, Lisa Daniels, Rachael Taylor, Marewa Glover, Finau Taungapeau, Sellina Sa'u, Wayne Cutfield, Barry Taylor
Summary: Rapid weight gain during infancy is a risk factor for childhood obesity, and should be routinely screened for in healthcare settings. Discussions with families can help establish healthy habits and reduce the risk of later obesity.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Min Zhang, Marine Thieux, Clara Odilia Inocente, Noemie Vieux, Laura Arvis, Carine Villanueva, Jian-Sheng Lin, Sabine Plancoulaine, Aurore Guyon, Patricia Franco
Summary: This study characterizes the rapid weight gain (RWG) phenotype associated with childhood narcolepsy and suggests that RWG could be a marker of disease severity. Patients with RWG had a younger age at diagnosis, higher sleepiness levels, and a higher prevalence of obesity compared to non-RWG patients. Furthermore, RWG patients had a higher risk of long-term obesity despite improvement in narcoleptic symptoms.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Natalie A. A. Rosenquist, Megan Richards, Jeannette R. R. Ferber, De-Kun Li, So Young Ryu, Heather Burkin, Matthew J. J. Strickland, Lyndsey A. A. Darrow
Summary: This study aims to investigate the relationship between maternal prepregnancy obesity and childhood asthma risk. The results suggest that higher prepregnancy BMI is associated with a modestly increased risk of childhood asthma.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Melissa B. Manus, Stephanie K. Goguen, Meghan B. Azad
Summary: Mothers who produce secretor and non-secretor milk can equally promote infant growth and respiratory health through breastfeeding.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Ryo Momosaki, Fumihiko Nagano, Takahiro Bise, Sayuri Shimazu, Ai Shiraishi
Summary: In underweight older patients after stroke, stored energy was significantly associated with gains in body weight and skeletal muscle mass. It was estimated that about 9600 kcal were needed to gain 1 kg of body weight, with a 1 kg increase in body weight resulting in a 23.7% increase in skeletal muscle mass and a 45.8% increase in fat mass.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Andrew Wooyoung Kim, Rihlat Said Mohamed, Shane A. Norris, Linda M. Richter, Christopher W. Kuzawa
Summary: This study evaluates the intergenerational effects of prenatal stress during apartheid on psychiatric morbidity among South African children. The results show that prenatal stress can affect the mental health of younger mothers and adolescents/young adults experiencing greater household adversity. Social support does not buffer against the long-term impacts of prenatal stress.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
A. Craig, L. J. Ware, W. Mapanga, S. A. Norris
Summary: This study aimed to compare the applicability of different pediatric hypertension clinical practice guidelines in South African children, and found that the 2017 AAP definition diagnosed more children and adolescents with hypertension compared to the 2004 Fourth Report and 2016 ESH guidelines. The sensitivity of these guidelines in predicting hypertension in adulthood was generally low, but the specificity was high.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gudani Mukoma, Stephanie Wrottesley, Juliana Kagura, Tolu Oni, Lisa Micklesfield, Shane A. Norris
Summary: This study examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), dietary knowledge and patterns, and physical activity level with body mass index (BMI) in urban South African young women. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between high SES and low SES women. Dietary patterns and physical activity had direct and indirect effects on BMI.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Siphiwe N. Dlamini, Ashleigh Craig, Asanda Mtintsilana, Witness Mapanga, Justin Du Toit, Lisa J. Ware, Shane A. Norris
Summary: This study investigated food insecurity and coping strategies among South African households and their associations with anxiety and depression. The results showed that about 20.4% of South African households were food insecure, with the lowest socio-economic groups being the most affected. Shifting from 'food secure' to 'at risk' or from 'at risk' to 'food insecure' group was associated with higher odds of anxiety or depression. Different coping strategies were used by South African households, with relying on less preferred and less expensive foods and sending a household member to beg for food being the most common.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Asanda Mtintsilana, Ashleigh Craig, Witness Mapanga, Siphiwe N. Dlamini, Shane A. Norris
Summary: There is a need for global health preventions to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs). A multi-country study examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and NCD risk in young adults from Kenya, South Africa, and the UK. The study found varying associations between SES and NCD risk within and between countries, highlighting the influence of socioeconomic contexts on NCD risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
A. Craig, Y. Breet, L. F. Gafane-Matemane, S. A. Norris, R. Kruger
Summary: The article reviews the status of childhood hypertension in Africa, highlighting knowledge gaps, challenges, and priorities. It also provides clinical perspectives on managing primary hypertension.
CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Andrew Wooyoung Kim, Madeleine Lambert, Shane A. Norris, Emily Mendenhall
Summary: Prostate cancer among African men is associated with insufficient knowledge about the disease, a feeling of loss of control, and distrust or dissatisfaction with physicians and the health care system. However, resilience factors such as social support from family, friends, and religious communities, acceptance of their diagnosis, religion, and positive appraisals of their medical care were identified.
ETHNICITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lukhanyo H. Nyati, John M. Pettifor, Ken K. Ong, Shane A. Norris
Summary: This study aims to assess the impact of adolescent growth on adult body composition and it found that excessive weight gain during early adolescence is associated with an increased risk of adult obesity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
Andrew K. May, Stephan H. Wessels, Shane A. Norris, Linda M. Richter, Zane Lombard, Michael M. Pitman
Summary: Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a personality trait related to being more receptive to the environment. This study examined potential predictors of adult SPS levels among 858 individuals and found that early gestational age and prenatal maternal stress were significantly associated with higher SPS scores. These results tentatively support the hypothesis that prenatal adversity may contribute to heightened sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY
(2023)
Article
Social Work
Emmanuel Cohen, Wiedaad Slemming, Stephanie V. Wrottesley, Alessandra Prioreschi, Shane A. Norris
Summary: From a socio-anthropological study on maternal body weight perceptions and dietary practices in Soweto, South Africa, it was found that societal values and norms regarding fatness led to high-calorie feeding practices towards infants, increasing the risk of childhood obesity. The contradiction between lay sociocultural norms and biomedical messages, which promote thinness, highlights the need for further research on the impact of these norms on infant health.
CHILDREN & SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca Kuriyan, Andrew P. Hills, Alexia Murphy-Alford, Ramya Padmanabha, Lukhanyo H. Nyati, Nuala M. Byrne, Anura V. Kurpad, Shane Norris
Summary: 3C-model estimates of body composition in infants differed between countries; further studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate the causes for the differences.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ina S. Santos, Caroline S. Costa, Andrew P. Hills, Shabina Ariff, V. Pujitha Wickramasinghe, Shane Norris, Alexia J. Murphy-Alford, Christine Slater, Nishani Lucas, Lukhanyo H. Nyati, Anura V. Kurpad, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Rebecca Kuriyan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate factors associated with infant body composition and found that birth weight and breastfeeding are independent predictors of body composition in early life, regardless of sex.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maureen Joffe, Oluwatosin A. Ayeni, Witness Mapanga, Paul Ruff, Nivashini Murugan, Herbert Cubasch, Shane A. Norris
Summary: The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing in low- and middle-income countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Africa (SA). These countries also face high prevalence of HIV and other chronic communicable diseases. Understanding the common chronic diseases among adult cancer patients in SA will help improve management approaches. However, there is a lack of research on multimorbidity (MM) management, especially in LMICs, including SA.
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Oluwatosin A. Ayeni, Maureen Joffe, Witness Mapanga, Wenlong Carl Chen, Daniel S. O'Neil, Boitumelo Phakathi, Sarah Nietz, Ines Buccimazza, Sharon Cacala, Laura W. Stopforth, Judith S. Jacobson, Katherine D. Crew, Alfred I. Neugut, Duvern Ramiah, Paul Ruff, Herbert Cubasch, Tobias Chirwa, Valerie McCormack, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Shane A. Norris
Summary: This study investigated the impact of multimorbidity on overall survival among women with breast cancer in South Africa. The results showed that the presence of multiple chronic conditions is associated with lower overall survival in breast cancer patients, especially when accompanied by diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, HIV, and obesity.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
A. E. Mendham, M. Masemola, L. K. Micklesfield, F. Karpe, A. Pascal Kengne, T. Chikowore, N. C. Kufe, N. J. Crowther, C. Pheiffer, S. Norris, K. Storbeck, T. Olsson, J. H. Goedecke
Article
Pediatrics
Tarun Aurora, Audrey Cole, Parul Rai, Paul Lavoie, Carrie Mcivor, Lisa M. Klesges, Guolian Kang, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Heather M. Brandt, Jane S. Hankins
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vaccine strategy bundle in increasing HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates in a specialty clinic setting. By implementing the bundle, which included staff education, provider incentives, offering vaccines in clinics, and verifying vaccine completion, the clinic successfully improved HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates among sickle cell disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nienke M. Halbmeijer, Wes Onland, Jeroen Dudink, Filip Cools, Anne Debeer, Anton H. van Kaam, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Niek E. van der Aa
Summary: In ventilated infants born preterm, high dose systemic hydrocortisone initiated between 7 and 14 days after birth did not have a significant impact on brain development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Melton, Jianfang Liu, Hossein Sadeghi, Maureen George, Arlene Smaldone
Summary: This study aims to identify predictors of change in lung function and body weight during health care transition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The study findings highlight the importance of CF RISE program engagement and reducing gaps in care for improving the transition of adolescents and young adults with CF.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Duckworth, Kimberly A. Sutton, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Jinli Wang, Carla Hall-Moore, Lori R. Holtz, Phillip I. Tarr, Ronald C. Rubenstein
Summary: The study tested the usefulness of various biomarkers as indicators of gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis (CF) and investigated the repeatability of these measures in individuals over short periods and their correlation with clinical outcomes. The results showed that elevated levels of fLcn2 in individuals with CF may predict worsened pulmonary function.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Lindsey Haack, Nikkan Das, Arvind Hoskoppal, Mark Debrunner, Tarek Alsaied, Gaurav Arora
Summary: RAE on ECG has a low positive predictive value for RAE on echocardiogram in previously healthy young patients. The highest yield for RAE on echocardiogram was observed in patients who were <1 year of age, had RAE in the anterior precordial leads, or displayed right ventricular hypertrophy on ECG.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael A. Padula, Khatija Naing, Tara L. Wenger, Irfan Ahmad, Carl H. Coghill, K. Taylor Wild, S. Alex Rottgers, Cory M. Resnick, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zarmina Ehsan, Donna Watkins, Nicole Deptula, Kuan-Chi Lai, Janet Lioy, Semsa Gogcu, Christopher M. Cielo
Summary: This study describes the spectrum of disease and burden of care in infants with congenital micrognathia. The results show that these infants commonly require surgical intervention and tube feedings, and disparities based on race and among centers were identified.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. Fundora, Manvitha Kalicheti, Guantao Zhao, Kevin O. Maher, Nicoleta Serban
Summary: This study investigated the variation of outpatient opioid prescribing in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients across the US. The results showed that there were significant differences in opioid prescribing by race, ethnicity, sex, and region.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nianzhou Xiao, Michelle Starr, Adrienne Stolfi, Gilad Hamdani, Shireen Hashmat, Stefan G. Kiessling, Christina Sethna, Mahmoud Kallash, Robyn Matloff, Robert Woroniecki, Keia Sanderson, Ikuyo Yamaguchi, Stephen D. Cha, Michael G. Semanik, Rahul Chanchlani, Joseph T. Flynn, Mark Mitsnefes
Summary: This multicenter study reports that most infants diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension in the NICU will discontinue antihypertensive treatment within 2 years of discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment is associated with a decreased likelihood of needing antihypertensive therapy for more than 1 year.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Kanwaljit Singh, John Concato, Jonathan M. Davis
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Yaxing Meng, Harri Niinikoski, Suvi P. Rovio, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Feitong Wu, Antti Jula, Tapani Ronnemaa, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: This 26-year study shows a correlation between early-life non-HDL-C levels and future levels. Early dietary counseling can reduce the risk of high pediatric non-HDL-C, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in preventing cardiovascular risks.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kelsey A. B. Gastineau, Rebecca Bell, Allison Hanes, Sandra Mckay, Eric Sigel, Filoteia Popescu, Evan C. Sommer, Shari Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the self-reported counseling outcomes for a firearm safe storage counseling training program provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The results demonstrated significant improvement in counseling self-efficacy and frequency one month after the training.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kathryn E. K. Berlin, William Scott, Sara Dawson, David Brousseau, Joanne M. Lagatta
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of infants from NICU hospitalization to one year post-discharge. The study found that lower HRQL during NICU stay was associated with earlier gestational age, postnatal corticosteroid usage, outborn status, and gastrostomy tube placement. Lower HRQL at 3 and 12 months post-discharge was associated with readmissions, home oxygen use, parent-reported difficulty breathing, lower developmental scores, and not playing with other children. Most parents reported similar or improved HRQL after discharge, but parents of infants with respiratory symptoms experienced less improvement. Efforts to improve parent HRQL should focus on respiratory symptoms and social isolation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Garett J. Griffith, Alan P. Wang, Robert I. Liem, Michael R. Carr, Tyler Corson, Kendra Ward
Summary: This study developed reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6-18 years without underlying heart disease, measured by peak oxygen uptake and treadmill time. Fitness levels increased with age in males but not females. Males generally exhibited higher fitness levels compared to females in the same age groups.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
David S. Liu, Patricia Miller, Anna Rothenberg, Carley Vuillermin, Peter M. Waters, Andrea S. Bauer
Summary: This study aims to determine if children with elbow flexion contracture (EFC) caused by brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) are more likely to develop shoulder contracture and undergo surgical treatment. A retrospective review was conducted on children under 2 years old with BPBI who presented to a single children's hospital. The results showed that patients with EFC had reduced shoulder range of motion and higher odds of shoulder contracture and surgical treatment. Prompt referral to a BPBI specialty clinic is recommended for evaluation and potential surgery.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
