Article
Orthopedics
Yuqi Yang, Zhengquan Chen, Zefan Huang, Jing Tao, Xin Li, Xuan Zhou, Qing Du
Summary: This review investigates the risk factors of low bone mineral density (BMD) in children with idiopathic scoliosis (IS). The findings suggest that genetic, endocrine, and lifestyle-related factors may be associated with low BMD and osteoporosis in IS patients. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of screening for low BMD risk factors and develop intervention strategies for bone health.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelos Kaspiris, Olga D. Savvidou, Elias S. Vasiliadis, Argyris C. Hadjimichael, Dimitra Melissaridou, Stella Iliopoulou-Kosmadaki, Ilias D. Iliopoulos, Evangelia Papadimitriou, Efstathios Chronopoulos
Summary: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder characterized by various musculoskeletal deformities, with scoliosis being the most common. NF1 patients exhibit defects in bone metabolism, including reduced bone mineral density and osteoporosis, as well as abnormal levels of bone metabolic markers in the blood. At the molecular level, loss of neurofibromin function affects osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities, leading to altered bone turnover and collagen production.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jakub Glowacki, Joanna Latuszewska, Adam Okret, Natalia Skowron, Ewa Misterska, Justyna Opydo-Szymaczek
Summary: Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) treated with a Milwaukee brace for at least 23 years show higher levels of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) compared to healthy controls, with clinical and radiological factors influencing the results and indicating limitations in everyday activities related to the temporomandibular joint.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiajun Zhang, Yujia Wang, Ka-lo Cheng, Kayee Cheuk, Tsz-ping Lam, Alec L. H. Hung, Jack C. Y. Cheng, Yong Qiu, Ralph Mueller, Patrik Christen, Wayne Y. W. Lee
Summary: This study found that AIS girls have higher levels of serum bone turnover markers, which may contribute to defective bone qualities in AIS. Progressive AIS patients have higher systemic bone turnover markers level and local bone remodeling. Disrupted bone turnover is associated with the risk of progression of AIS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongfei Wang, Teng Zhang, Changmeng Zhang, Liangyu Shi, Samuel Yan-Lik Ng, Ho-Cheong Yan, Karen Ching-Man Yeung, Janus Siu-Him Wong, Kenneth Man-Chee Cheung, Graham Ka-Hon Shea
Summary: This study developed a machine learning-based prediction model to accurately predict the risk of progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) curves. By integrating clinical data, X-rays, and hand X-rays, the model can predict the risk of curve progression at the first clinic visit.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhichong Wu, Xiufen Zhu, Leilei Xu, Zhen Liu, Zhenhua Feng, Vivian Wing Yin Hung, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng, Yong Qiu, Wayne Y. W. Lee, Tsz Ping Lam, Zezhang Zhu
Summary: The prevalence of low bone-mineral density (BMD) is higher in boys with severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) than in girls. Factors such as sex, body mass index, serum alkaline phosphatase, and potassium are independent risk factors of low BMD in severe AIS patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyung Eun Nam, Irian Kim, Hae-Yeon Park, Jong In Lee
Summary: This study investigated the long-term effects of breast cancer surgery on spinal alignment and found that most breast cancer patients experience minimal changes in spinal alignment after surgery.
Article
Pediatrics
Tugba Kuru Colak, Burcin Akcay, Adnan Apti, Ilker Colak
Summary: This study aimed to present the long-term effects of a conservative management method, including exercise and brace, in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The results showed that appropriate conservative treatment can successfully halt the progression of idiopathic scoliosis in growing adolescents and long-term improvement is largely maintained.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Omar Ramos, Jacob Razzouk, Jun Ho Chung, Wayne K. Cheng, Olumide A. Danisa
Summary: Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) have lower bone density compared to healthy adolescents, and MRI can be used to assess bone quality in AIS patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Negrini Stefano, Francesca Di Felice, Negrini Francesco, Rebagliati Giulia, Zaina Fabio, Donzelli Sabrina
Summary: The first out-of-brace radiograph is found to be the best predictor of the Cobb angle at the end of treatment, surpassing the in-brace radiograph. It serves as a valuable reference for clinicians and patients, and should be considered as an essential element in future predictive models.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Emilie Normand, Anita Franco, Nathalie Alos, Stefan Parent, Alain Moreau, Valerie Marcil
Summary: Adolescent girls with AIS exhibit differences in nutritional status, body composition, and bone density compared to healthy controls, potentially related to the influence of adipokines.
Article
Surgery
Taiqiu Chen, Wenjun Hu, Yan Peng, Yong Li, Jincheng Qiu, Xianjian Qiu, Pengfei Li, Shaoguang Li, Anjing Liang, Wenjie Gao, Dongsheng Huang
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the bone quality of thoracic vertebral bodies in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients using Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements. The results showed asymmetrical changes in bone quality in the structural curve of AIS patients, with significantly lower HU values in the apical region. In the non-structural curve, no significant differences in HU values were found among different vertebrae levels or between the concave and convex sides.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lorenzo Costa, Tom P. C. Schlosser, Hanad Jimale, Jelle F. Homans, Moyo C. Kruyt, Rene M. Castelein
Summary: Brace treatment is the most common noninvasive treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, but there may be differences in effectiveness between different types/concepts of braces. Most brace studies have significant risk of bias, with rigid braces showing higher success rates and being more effective for patients at Risser 0-2 and 0-3 stages of maturation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Slawomir Grycuk, Piotr Mrozek
Summary: The study focuses on optimizing the design of orthotic braces, aiming to reduce weight and improve functionality without compromising corrective function. Using finite element analysis, the distribution of corrective forces was evaluated and adjustments were made to areas with minimal impact on overall stiffness. Results showed a 39% reduction in weight while maintaining corrective stiffness.
TECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Sabrina Donzelli, Giulia Fregna, Fabio Zaina, Giulia Livetti, Maria Chiara Reitano, Stefano Negrini
Summary: In this study, we analyzed a large database of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Our findings suggest that the in-brace correction, as well as the Cobb angle and ATR at the start, can serve as outcome predictors for brace treatment.
Article
Immunology
Lu Ding, Yan Liang, Yuzhen Wang, Zheng Tong, Wen Liu, Siyu Tan, Jie Zhang, Yingchun Wang, Zhuanchang Wu, Xiaohong Liang, Chunhong Ma, Lifen Gao
Summary: Tim-4 is a critical switch that regulates macrophage polarization and maintains adipose tissue homeostasis. Its deficiency may lead to obesity. Tim-4 promotes M2-like macrophage polarization by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zhenxing Liu, Xiaoning Song, Zhenhua Feng, Tianyang Xu, Xiaojun Wu, Josef Kittler
Summary: This passage discusses the progress and challenges in pedestrian detection research, proposes a method to enhance pedestrian detection by extracting effective features using contextual information, and validates the effectiveness of the proposed method through experimental results on two benchmark datasets.
NEURAL PROCESSING LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yutian Cheng, Le Xu, Zhanwei Chen, Haiwei Wu, Huwei Zou, Tianqi Zhang, Guijun Liu, Zhenxing Liu, Changwei Yin, Li Ma, Shizhou Zhang, Wengang Li, Shengyun Huang, Dongsheng Zhang
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of radioactive seed implantation and other regimens in treating adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and found that patient age, T stage, N stage, and treatment regimen were independent prognostic factors for survival. Patients treated with surgery combined with postoperative I-125 seed radiotherapy had a higher overall survival rate, and those with perineural invasion were more suitable for radioactive seed implantation therapy.
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Hui He, Zhen Liu
Summary: Laser desorption/ionization (LDI) is an important ionization method in biological mass spectrometry (MS), and noble metal nanomaterials have been increasingly used in LDI due to their unique plasmonic effects. This study proposes a plasmon-induced charge transfer desorption/ionization (PICTDI) mechanism, in which plasmonic nanoparticles transfer charges from the nanoparticles to surrounding analytes through surface plasmons, resulting in analyte desorption and ionization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yanyun Yang, Xianchen Liu, Zhen-Zhen Liu, Jenn-Yun Tein, Cun-Xian Jia
Summary: This longitudinal study explored the associations between life stress, insomnia, and anxiety/depressive symptoms (ADS) in a large sample of adolescents. The results showed that the prevalence and persistence rates of insomnia and ADS significantly increased with elevated life stress score. Cross-lagged panel analysis revealed bidirectional relationships between life stress, insomnia, and ADS over time, with insomnia partially mediating the relationship between life stress and ADS, and vice versa. These findings highlight the importance of assessing and intervening in sleep and mental health among adolescents following life stress.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yonggang Yi, Dezhi Zeng, Haiyan Zhao, Zhendong Liu, Shanzhi Shi, Lele Cai, Huiyong Yu, Gang Tian, Baojun Dong
Summary: The corrosion behavior of D-class sucker rod in the production well of CO2 flooding in Xinjiang oilfield was investigated. The main sensitive factor affecting the rod was determined and a novel safe service life model was established. The study found that temperature and Cl- content were the main factors affecting the steel rod. It was recommended to replace the D-class sucker rod after 2 years to prevent breakage. Additionally, three corrosion inhibitors suitable for the rod were identified, enabling a service life extension of over 30 years.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Xiaojiang Pu, Qingshuang Zhou, Liang Xu, Yang Yu, Zhen Liu, Bangping Qian, Bin Wang, Zezhang Zhu, Yong Qiu, Xu Sun
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and risk factors of junctional kyphosis in late posttraumatic thoracolumbar kyphosis (LPTK) patients receiving long segmental instrumented fusion. The prevalence of junctional kyphosis was 23.1%, and preoperative hyperkyphosis and fatty degeneration of paraspinal muscles were identified as independent risk factors. Patients with lower bone quality were more likely to develop junctional failure.
ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Heng Li, Qi-Zhao Huang, Hong Zhang, Zhen-Xing Liu, Xiao-Hui Chen, Li-Lin Ye, Yang Luo
Summary: Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, and it has become a major public health threat. The immune response to the virus plays a crucial role in disease pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, leading to skin lesions, sepsis, respiratory disease, and damage to immune organs. The immunopathogenesis of monkeypox involves impaired NK-cell function, immune evasion, cytokine storm, and antibody-dependent enhancement, among other factors. Understanding the immunopathology of monkeypox is important for developing immunotherapeutic strategies against the disease.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Donglei Jiao, Yongsheng Yang, Huiying Liu, Zhendong Liu, Dongpeng Yan
Summary: Polymorphism of dicyanodistyrylbenzene (DCS) compound was achieved through solvent induced synthesis. The two polymorphs showed differences in molecular packing, leading to variations in photophysical properties such as luminescent color. Mechanical grinding could alter the photoluminescence color, while differential thermal analysis identified one polymorph as metastable. Both polymorphs exhibited thermochromic properties and could be reversibly switched. Additionally, color changes were observed through reactions with NH3 and HCl. These findings provide insights into molecular packing, emission properties, and stimuli-responsive solid luminescence changes.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shanshan Di, Huiyu Zhao, Zhenzhen Liu, Yuele Lu, Hao Xu, Peipei Qi, Zhiwei Wang, Xinquan Wang
Summary: The stereoisomers of chiral SDHIs were prepared and their absolute configuration was confirmed using Autoprep HPLC and chiral columns combined with theoretical calculation and experimental determination. SFC-MS/MS and four types of chiral columns were used to separate the chiral SDHIs, with simultaneous separation achieved in 6.5 minutes using the OD-3 column. The QuEChERS strategy was used to analyze the chiral SDHIs in plant and animal food samples, with average recoveries ranging from 71% to 119% and RSD <= 18%, and the LOQ was 1 ng/g. The matrix effects in plant and animal food samples ranged from 0.8 to 1.2, with weak matrix effects observed. This study provides important methods for monitoring the residues of chiral SDHI stereoisomers, which are crucial for stereoselective evaluations and improving risk assessments.
Review
Immunology
Meng-Ru Hua, Yan-Long Zhao, Jun-Zheng Yang, Liang Zou, Ying-Yong Zhao, Xia Li
Summary: This article summarizes the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of membranous nephropathy (MN), focusing on the role of autoimmune reaction, autoantigens, immunoglobulin G4, and immunosuppressive drugs in the diagnosis and treatment of MN.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shi-Xing Ma, Xiao-Jun Li, Ting-Ting Duan, Ming Pei, Liang Zou, Xiao-Yong Yu, Ying-Yong Zhao
Summary: This study found that Moshen granule (MSG) effectively reduces proteinuria and improves kidney function in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and rats induced by cationic bovine serum albumin (CBSA). MSG achieves this by inhibiting the activation of the NF-kB/Nrf2 pathway via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling, thereby protecting podocytes from damage. This finding may lead to a promising therapy for the treatment of IMN through targeting oxidative stress and inflammation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Liang Luo, Bao Zhou, Zhenzhen Liu, Qirong Zhao, Chao Wang, Zhuoqi Duan, Zaixin Xie, Xiaobo Yang, Yongmao Hu
Summary: Te- and Se/Te-doped Cu2O showed better electrical and optical properties compared to Te-doped and pure Cu2O. The carrier mobility of the Se/Te-doped Cu2O thin film improved from 60 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) to 1297 cm(2) V-1 s(-1), and the bandgap changed from 2.05 eV to 1.88 eV. The cell efficiency of the Se/Te-doped Cu2O was improved by 22% compared to that of pure Cu2O, and can be further improved to 34% by optimizing the thickness of the Se/Te-doped Cu2O thin film and the defect density of states between the material interfaces.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Li-Li Ren, Hua Miao, Yan-Ni Wang, Fei Liu, Ping Li, Ying-Yong Zhao
Summary: Fibrosis is the accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix proteins, which can be caused by aging, injury, infections, and inflammation. Telomere length and mitochondrial DNA content, signs of aging, have been correlated with the degree of liver and pulmonary fibrosis in patients. Senescent cells, chronic inflammation, and the role of TGF-beta superfamily in aging and fibrosis are also discussed.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chan-Juan Wu, Dan-Yang Yuan, Zhen-Zhen Liu, Xin Xu, Long Wei, Xue-Wei Cai, Yin-Na Su, Lin Li, She Chen, Xin-Jian He
Summary: A plant-specific complex called PAGA, containing GCN5, cooperates with the conserved SAGA complex to regulate histone acetylation, transcription, and development. PAGA and SAGA can independently mediate moderate and high levels of histone acetylation, respectively, thereby promoting transcriptional activation. PAGA is specifically involved in plant height and branch growth, while SAGA regulates multiple biological processes.
