Article
Sport Sciences
Kenzie B. Friesen, Gretchen D. Oliver
Summary: Softball pitchers with high body-fat percentage may have an advantage in performance despite the increased risk of injury. This study found that pitchers with a healthy body-fat percentage generated greater ground reaction force during propulsion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wei-Hsun Tai, Ray-Hsien Tang, Chen-Fu Huang, Shin-Liang Lo, Yu-Chi Sung, Hsien-Te Peng
Summary: The acute effects of handheld loading on standing broad jump performance and biomechanics were investigated in this study. It was found that loading with dumbbells led to significantly greater horizontal distance, take-off distance, landing distance, velocity of center of mass, push time, vertical impulse, and ground reaction force compared to unloading SBJ. On the other hand, unloading SBJ resulted in significantly greater take-off vertical velocity, take-off angle, peak velocities and moments at the hip, knee, and ankle, as well as peak hip power. Overall, the findings suggest that handheld loading can enhance SBJ performance and provide valuable insights for strength and conditioning training for athletes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
R. Tyler Richardson
Summary: Assessment of scapulothoracic and glenohumeral contributions to shoulder function during baseball pitching is challenging due to difficulties in accurately measuring dynamic scapular orientation. A new individualized linear model approach shows promise in estimating scapular orientation and may improve upon current methods like the acromion marker cluster. The study found that the linear model method accurately estimates static scapular orientation throughout a pitching motion, with smaller root mean square error values compared to the acromion marker cluster method.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel K. Ramsey, Ryan L. Crotin
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of changes in stride length on knee joint dynamics during baseball pitching. The results revealed significant differences in knee dynamic profiles between the drive and stride legs under different stride length conditions. Longer strides allowed for greater knee propulsion dynamics, while shorter strides increased the rate of knee flexion through concentric knee flexor moments.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Donnamoxley Scarborough, Shannon E. Linderman, Javier E. Sanchez, Eric M. Berkson
Summary: The study introduces a four-category Kinematic Sequence Classification System and compares elbow and shoulder torques and shoulder distraction force across different Kinematic Sequence categories during the fastball pitch. Results show significant differences in elbow valgus torques and shoulder external rotation torques across categories. Understanding Kinematic Sequence can help reduce mechanical stresses on the throwing shoulder and elbow for pitchers.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Robert A. Wayner, Rachel Robinson, Janet E. Simon
Summary: This study investigated the degree of asymmetry in biomechanical variables associated with injury, the effect of speed on asymmetry, and the differences in pre-season measures of asymmetry between injured and healthy runners. The findings suggest that running biomechanics exhibit a high degree of symmetry across different speeds and caution should be exercised when linking injury to asymmetry.
PHYSICAL THERAPY IN SPORT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gisela Sole, Todd Pataky, Niels Hammer, Peter Lamb
Summary: The study examined the effects of wearing a knee sleeve on ground reaction forces and knee joint power during a step-down hop task after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The results showed that wearing a knee sleeve increased knee joint power during the task but had inconsistent effects on ground reaction forces.
Article
Orthopedics
Rafael F. Escamilla, Jonathan S. Slowik, Glenn S. Fleisig
Summary: This study examined the biomechanical differences in professional baseball pitchers with different contralateral trunk tilt (CTT) positions. The results showed that pitchers with moderate CTT (15-25 degrees) had higher shoulder and elbow forces, which may increase the risk of injury.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jonathan Sinclair, Paul John Taylor, Gareth Shadwell, Mark Stone, Nicole Booth, Bryan Jones, Sam Finlay, Ashraf Mohamed Ali, Bobbie Butters, Ian Bentley, Christopher James Edmundson
Summary: This two-experiment study examined the effects of different foot placement angles on squat performance. The results showed that increasing foot placement angles can enhance physical preparedness for sprinting and rapid changes of direction, while reducing foot placement angles can attenuate knee pathologies and promote the development of certain muscles.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuvaraj Ramasamy, Juliana Usman, Rizal Razman, Yeap Ming Wei, Harley Towler, Mark King
Summary: The shoulder, comprising of three bones and four joints, is the most unstable joint in the human body due to its extensive range of motion. This systematic review explores the different analyses conducted on shoulder biomechanics in overhead sporting motions. Out of the 33 eligible studies identified through seven databases, the majority employed 3D motion analysis and examined shoulder kinematics, with some also investigating forces and torques. Factors such as shoulder external rotation, internal rotation, and elbow extension were found to be strong predictors of high velocity overhead throwing movement.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bart van Trigt, Thomas van Hogerwou, Ton A. J. R. Leenen, Marco J. M. Hoozemans, Frans C. T. van der Helm, DirkJan H. E. J. Veeger
Summary: This study investigated the impact of repetitive pitching on elbow load magnitude and variability, as well as elbow muscle activation. The results showed no significant associations between repetitive pitching and valgus torque magnitude and variability, as well as elbow muscle activity on a group level. However, individual pitchers had distinct trajectories in elbow valgus torque and muscle activity with repetitive pitching.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
David F. Painter, James H. Dove, Kristina Monteiro, Peter K. Kriz, Brett D. Owens
Summary: The study revealed that educational websites tend to provide medically advisable content, while commercial websites are more likely to offer discordant information. Medical professionals and parents/coaches of youth baseball players should be aware of the abundance and inaccuracy of internet information.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Patrick G. Robinson, Howie J. Carson, Jim Richards, Andrew Murray, Andrew D. Duckworth, Doug Campbell
Summary: This study assessed the relationship between the muscle activity of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) and the tri-planar angular velocities of the lead and trail wrists during the golf swing. The results showed that there was greater recruitment of the trail ECU muscle during the downswing, while the lead ECU muscle was recruited more during the backswing and follow through phases. There were also statistically different movement patterns between the lead and trail wrists throughout the golf swing. These differing wrist dynamics and muscle activity may contribute to the asymmetrical injury pattern seen clinically.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Yu Song, Ling Li, Jacob Layer, Raychl Fairbanks, Maddy Jenkins, Gerwyn Hughes, Derek Smith, Margaret Wilson, Qin Zhu, Boyi Dai
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of unanticipated medial-lateral external perturbation on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) loading variables during jump-landings. Thirty-two participants performed double-leg vertical jump-landings under six different conditions. The findings showed that upper-trunk perturbation resulted in greater changes in ACL loading variables compared to lower-trunk perturbation. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of ACL injuries and assist in the development of training strategies to prevent them.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Bradley J. Bowser, Kristen Roles
Summary: In running mechanics, overweight and obese children (OW/OB group) exhibit differences compared to healthy weight children (HW group) such as longer stance time, shorter step length, altered joint angles, and higher ground reaction forces. These differences may indicate increased injury risk or joint degeneration among OW/OB children.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Vanessa J. C. Wood, Michelle B. Sabick, Ron P. Pfeiffer, Seth M. Kuhlman, Jason H. Christensen, Michael J. Curtin
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2011)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kristof Kipp, Josh Redden, Michelle Sabick, Chad Harris
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS
(2012)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kristof Kipp, Ron Pfeiffer, Michelle Sabick, Chad Harris, Jeanie Sutter, Seth Kuhlman, Kevin Shea
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS
(2014)
Article
Orthopedics
Arun J. Ramappa, Po-Hao Chen, Richard J. Hawkins, Tom Noonan, Tom Hackett, Michelle B. Sabick, Michael J. Decker, David Keeley, Michael R. Torry
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS
(2010)
Article
Sport Sciences
David A. Clark, Michelle B. Sabick, Ronald P. Pfeiffer, Seth M. Kuhlman, Nicole A. Knigge, Kevin G. Shea
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2009)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kristof Kipp, Chad Harris, Michelle B. Sabick
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2011)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kristof Kipp, Josh Redden, Michelle B. Sabick, Chad Harris
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2012)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kristof Kipp, Chad Harris, Michelle B. Sabick
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2013)
Article
Acoustics
Jami L. Johnson, Kasper van Wijk, Michelle Sabick
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
S. Kuhlman, M. Sabick, R. Pfeiffer, B. Cooper, J. Forhan
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART P-JOURNAL OF SPORTS ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jami Johnson, Michelle Sabick, Kasper VanWijk
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL DEVICES-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2013)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Anthony Vicini, Michelle Sabick
Summary: Ultrasonic imaging, when coupled with motion capture markers, offers a safe and non-invasive method for precise measurement of scapular position and motion. The study shows promising results for future in vivo studies and warrants further development of the MC+U technique.
COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-IMAGING AND VISUALIZATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Michael H. Haischer, Jacob Howenstein, Michelle Sabick, Kristof Kipp
Summary: This study investigated the associations between kinematic patterns of the torso segment and shoulder joint loading as well as pitching performance in youth pitchers. Specific torso movement patterns were found to be correlated with shoulder joint kinetics and ball speed, with excessive axial rotation potentially increasing shoulder joint loads. Targeted interventions could decrease joint kinetics while maintaining pitching performance.
SPORTS BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Moira K. Pryhoda, Michelle B. Sabick
Summary: This study quantifies ground reaction forces and lower body power in youth baseball pitchers and investigates how energy is transferred from lower limbs to the throwing arm. The data provide a foundation for comparing pitching mechanics and developing training suggestions for different age groups. The study found that youth pitchers use a controlled drop strategy to generate energy transfer between the drive leg and stride leg.
FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Anthony Vicini, Michelle B. Sabick
COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-IMAGING AND VISUALIZATION
(2020)