期刊
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
卷 37, 期 3, 页码 401-409出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1177/0148607112463076
关键词
enteral nutrition; proanthocyanidins; goblet cells; mucin; cytokines
资金
- Biomedical Laboratory Research & Development Service of the VA Office of Research and Development [I01BX001672]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 GM53439]
- Reed Research Group
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal [SFRH/BD/73067/2010]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/73067/2010] Funding Source: FCT
Background: Lamina propria Th2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, stimulate goblet cell (GC) proliferation and MUC2 production, which protect the intestinal mucosa. Elemental enteral nutrition (EEN) reduces tissue IL-4 and impairs barrier function. Proanthocyanidins (PACs) stimulate oral mucin levels. We hypothesized that adding PAC to EEN would maintain Th2-without stimulating Th1-cytokines and preserve luminal MUC2 vs EEN alone. Materials and Methods: Seventy mice were randomized to 5 diet groups-standard chow, intragastric EEN, or EEN with lowPAC, midPAC (50 mg), or highPAC (100 mg PAC/kg BW)-for 5 days, starting 2 days after gastric cannulation. Ileal tissue was analyzed for histomorphology and the cytokines IL-4, IL-13, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MUC2 was measured in intestinal washes. Results: EEN lowered IL-13 (P < .05) compared with standard chow, whereas IL-4 was not significant (P < .07). LowPAC and midPAC increased IL-13 (P < .05), whereas highPAC increased both IL-4 and IL-13 (P < .05) compared with EEN. All EEN diets reduced (P < .05) crypt depth compared with the chow group. Compared with standard chow, GC numbers and luminal MUC2 were reduced with EEN (P < .05). These effects were attenuated (P < .05) with midPAC and highPAC. No changes were observed in tissue Th1 cytokines. Conclusions: Adding PACs to EEN reverses impaired intestinal barrier function following EEN by improving the gut mucous layer and function through increased GC size and number as well as levels of MUC2 and ileal IL-4 and IL-13. (JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2013;37:401-409)
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