Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susanne Gaube, Harini Suresh, Martina Raue, Eva Lermer, Timo K. Koch, Matthias F. C. Hudecek, Alun D. Ackery, Samir C. Grover, Joseph F. Coughlin, Dieter Frey, Felipe C. Kitamura, Marzyeh Ghassemi, Errol Colak
Summary: Artificial intelligence-generated clinical advice is increasingly used in healthcare, but its impact on physicians' decision-making is not fully understood. In this study, physicians received X-rays with correct diagnostic advice and were asked to make a diagnosis, rate the advice's quality, and judge their own confidence. The advice was manipulated to include or exclude visual annotation and to be labeled as from an AI or a human radiologist. Overall, receiving annotated advice from an AI led to the highest diagnostic accuracy and physicians rated the quality of AI advice higher than human advice. The effects varied between task experts and non-task experts, indicating that explainable AI advice is particularly beneficial for non-experts. These findings have important implications for the deployment of diagnostic advice in healthcare.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ferdinando D'Amico, Sophie Vieujean, Benedicte Caron, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Silvio Danese
Summary: The study compared the perspectives of patients and physicians in evaluating the risks and benefits before initiating therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The majority of patients and physicians considered efficacy and safety equally important. Patients focused on clinical improvement and clinical remission, while physicians emphasized clinical remission and endoscopic remission. The factors of concern in the benefit-risk assessment included quality of life, disease activity, comorbidities, prior failure to biologics/small molecules, and various risks.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jennifer Walsh, Esmerald Hermans, Smita Salunke
Summary: Enteral feeding tubes (EFT) are commonly used to administer nutrition and medication to patients unable to take them orally. However, many medicines are not suitable for administration through EFT, and several factors can affect their delivery through this route, increasing the risk of sub-optimal dosing and medication error. EuPFI organized a preconference workshop to review the current understanding of EFT administration of medications to children and called for the establishment of standardized global procedures to ensure effective delivery.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jacqueline K. Yuen, James K. H. Luk, Tuen-Ching Chan, Yat-Fung Shea, Steven T. Chu, Rachelle Bernacki, David T. Y. Chow, Felix H. W. Chan
Summary: This study compared the effects of nasogastric tube feeding (NGF) and careful hand feeding (CHF) on survival and pneumonia risk among hospitalized patients with advanced dementia. The results showed no difference in 1-year survival rate between NGF and CHF groups, but NGF was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia, particularly for patients with both dysphagia and behavioral feeding problem.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ian Milsom, Adrian Wagg, Matthias Oelke, Christopher Chapple
Summary: The study revealed that patients' difficulties in reporting symptoms and expectations interfere with the success of OAB treatment; using the MCDA model can help clinicians compare benefits and safety of different drugs to choose the best treatment option.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yisong Cheng, Chaoyue Chen, Hao Yang, Min Fu, Xi Zhong, Bo Wang, Zhi Hu, Min He, Zhongwei Zhang, Xiaodong Jin, Yan Kang, Qin Wu
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of domperidone administered via the feeding tube versus intravenous metoclopramide in critically ill patients with EFI. The findings suggest that tube feeding domperidone was more effective in improving enteral nutrition delivery performance in these patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nathan Davies, Yolanda Barrado-Martin, Victoria Vickerstaff, Greta Rait, Akiko Fukui, Bridget Candy, Christina H. Smith, Jill Manthorpe, Kirsten J. Moore, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: Enteral tube feeding for severe dementia patients with eating and swallowing issues or reduced food and fluid intake does not show clear benefits and may have potential risks. Research indicates that more studies with better design and clearer interventions are needed in the future to determine the overall effectiveness and safety of enteral tube feeding.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Barbara Bruno, Paolo Savarino, Renato Zanatta, Silvia Rallo, Andrea De Giovanni, Cristiana Maurella, Antonio Borrelli
Summary: This study investigated the use of ultrasonography for verifying feeding tube placement in hospitalized cats compared with radiographic evaluation. Results showed that ultrasonography demonstrated similar reliability and validity as radiography in determining the position of the feeding tube in the esophagus. Therefore, ultrasonography is an effective tool for confirming tube placement.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
J. K. K. Yuen, F. H. W. Chan, T. -C. Chan, D. T. Y. Chow, S. T. -W. Chu, Y. -F. Shea, J. K. H. Luk
Summary: A careful hand feeding program was implemented in a geriatric convalescent hospital in Hong Kong as an alternative to tube feeding for advanced dementia patients. The program significantly reduced the feeding tube insertion rate, but the rate of hospital readmissions remained high for patients on careful hand feeding.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Muhammad Kashif Habib, Muhammad Naeem Khan, Abdul Sadiq, Qaiser Iqbal, Abdul Raziq, Nafees Ahmad, Zaffar Iqbal, Sajjad Haider, Muhammad Anwar, Fazal Ur Rehman Khilji, Fahad Saleem, Amer Hayat Khan
Summary: This study aims to explore physicians' perceptions, experiences, and expectations of medication errors when managing patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Through face-to-face interviews, it was found that medication errors were encountered by physicians, and they believed that understanding guidelines and reporting systems is essential. Recommendations include targeted training, establishment of an independent unit, and strict supervision to reduce medication errors.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rachel Strahm, Manuel Weber, Reiner Wiest, Kai-Uwe Schmitt
Summary: This study examined the effects of early tube feeding compared to tube feeding after 24 hours on clinical parameters. Patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) received tube feeding 4 hours after tube insertion following the updated ESPEN guidelines. An observational study analyzed whether the new scheme affected patient complaints, complications, or hospitalization duration. The study found that the new scheme did not impact patient complaints or complications, but it significantly reduced hospitalization duration.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valeria Dipasquale, Madeleine Aumar, Delphine Ley, Matthieu Antoine, Claudio Romano, Frederic Gottrand
Summary: This review aims to report on the latest hot topics and new directions in tube-feeding strategies for children with neurological disability.
Article
Oncology
Naoto Yamamoto, Toru Aoyama, Masaaki Murakawa, Mariko Kamiya, Manabu Shiozawa, Yasushi Rino, Munetaka Masuda, Soichiro Morinaga
Summary: The study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of feeding jejunostomy tube (FJT) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Retrospective review of data from 156 patients showed that FJT was useful in improving nutritional intake and status, with minor complications that could be managed with simple treatments.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Khezar Hayat, Zia Ul Mustafa, Brain Godman, Muhammad Arshed, Jiaxing Zhang, Faiz Ullah Khan, Fahad Saleem, Krizzia Lambojon, Pengchao Li, Zhitong Feng, Yu Fang
Summary: Physicians generally viewed pharmacists as evidence-based sources of drug information, and believed that pharmacists should attend patient care rounds, but most physicians reported minimal to no interaction with pharmacists. Physician's age, experience, and education were significantly associated with their expectations and experiences with pharmacists.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Oliver Maassen, Sebastian Fritsch, Julia Palm, Saskia Deffge, Julian Kunze, Gernot Marx, Morris Riedel, Andreas Schuppert, Johannes Bickenbach
Summary: Physicians in German university hospitals show a generally positive attitude towards using artificial intelligence in medicine, expecting it to assist in clinical decision making, especially in fields like radiology and pathology. They see potential in AI for identifying drug interactions, but are more reserved in its use for diagnosing psychiatric diseases. The majority of physicians also support open access to anonymized patient databases for medical and biomedical research.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Justin J. Sanders, Joanna Paladino, Erica Reaves, Hannah Luetke-Stahlman, Rebecca Anhang Price, Karl Lorenz, Laura C. Hanson, J. Randall Curtis, Diane E. Meier, Erik K. Fromme, Susan D. Block
JOURNAL OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Joshua D. Niznik, Xinhua Zhao, Meiqi He, Sherrie L. Aspinall, Joseph T. Hanlon, Laura C. Hanson, David Nace, Joshua M. Thorpe, Carolyn T. Thorpe
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Alexis Kirk, Emily R. Haines, Franziska S. Rokoske, Byron J. Powell, Morris Weinberger, Laura C. Hanson, Sarah A. Birken
Summary: Adaptation of existing evidence-based interventions (EBIs) often involves identifying core functions and forms to ensure efficacy is not compromised. This study presents theory-based methods for identifying core functions and forms post hoc, rooted in the Planned Adaptation Model (PAM), with six steps developed to guide the process. Extended PAM steps included identifying usual care pathways and mapping EBI core functions onto existing theories, offering researchers and practitioners a systematic approach to identify core functions and forms.
TRANSLATIONAL BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Laura C. Hanson, Natalie C. Ernecoff, Kathryn L. Wessell, Feng-Chang Lin, Matthew Milowsky, Frances A. Collichio, William A. Wood, Donald L. Rosenstein
Summary: This study investigated factors influencing mortality in patients with Stage IV cancer and acute illness hospitalization, comparing decision-making for survivors and decedents. Results showed that nutritional insufficiency, serum albumin, and hospital days were associated with mortality, while age, gender, race, cancer type, and acute illness type did not predict.
JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shahar Shmuel, Virginia Pate, Marc J. Pepin, Janine C. Bailey, Laura C. Hanson, Til Sturmer, Rebecca B. Naumann, Yvonne M. Golightly, Danijela Gnjidic, Jennifer L. Lund
Summary: In the United States, 58.1% of older adults had a DBI of 0, 29.0% had a DBI between 0 and 1, 9.3% had a DBI between 1 and 2, and 3.7% had a DBI greater than 2. Predictors of high monthly DBI drug exposure included increased healthcare use indicators, white race, younger age, frailty, and a psychosis diagnosis code.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lisa DiMartino, Thomas Miano, Kathryn Wessell, Buck Bohac, Laura C. Hanson
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of using natural language processing (NLP) to identify symptom burden in hospitalized cancer patients using electronic health records (EHR). The results showed that NLP can be an effective method for identifying symptom burden, but further model development is needed.
JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Joshua D. Niznik, Sarah D. Berry, Maggie Syme, Casey J. Kelley, Laura C. Hanson, Jill Harrison
Summary: COVID-19 vaccination rates are low among frontline healthcare assistants. Safety concerns are the primary contributors to vaccine hesitancy. Addressing short-term and long-term safety implications can effectively increase vaccination rates among healthcare assistants.
Article
Oncology
Eliza M. Park, Allison M. Deal, Hillary M. Heiling, Ahrang Jung, Justin M. Yopp, Savannah M. Bowers, Laura C. Hanson, Mi-Kyung Song, Carmina G. Valle, Brian Yi, Anna Cassidy, Hannah Won, Donald L. Rosenstein
Summary: The study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of Families Addressing Cancer Together (FACT), a web-based intervention for parents with cancer to talk with their children. Most participants found FACT helpful, relevant, and easy to understand, with potential to address communication concerns of parents with cancer.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mark Toles, Jennifer Leeman, M. Heather McKay, Jacquelyn Covington, Laura C. Hanson
Summary: This study aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, preliminary outcomes, and mechanisms of the Connect-Home ADRD transitional care intervention. The results showed that the intervention was feasible and acceptable, and it may help reduce re-hospitalization after leaving skilled nursing facilities for people with dementia and their caregivers.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jennifer L. Gabbard, Joan G. Carpenter, Natalie C. Ernecoff, Kimberly Mournighan, Isabella Cornea, Mark McKone, Laura C. Hanson
Summary: This study conducted a scoping review of outcome measures utilized in ACP randomized controlled clinical trials, evaluating their pragmatic characteristics. The results showed that only 23% of the outcome measures were highly pragmatic, and the majority of these measured healthcare utilizations. New outcome measures that address the lived experience of persons living with dementia and their care partners are needed.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Laura C. Hanson, Kathryn Wessell, Natalie Meeks, Antonia V. Bennett, Mark Toles, Josh Niznik, Sheryl Zimmerman, Joan Carpenter, Christine S. Ritchie, Natalie C. Ernecoff, Debra Saliba
Summary: This study describes the development and structure of the IMbedded Pragmatic ADRD Clinical Trials Collaboratory (IMPACT) iLibrary of potential outcome measures for ADRD pragmatic trials and evaluates their pragmatic characteristics. The study found that pragmatic outcome measures are brief, meaningful to diverse populations, easily scored and interpreted by clinicians, and available in electronic format for analysis. The iLibrary can aid in the selection of measures for a wide range of outcomes relevant to people with ADRD and their care partners.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Antonia V. Bennett, Kyra O'Brien, Monica Moreno, Kerry Lanigan, Katie Maslow, Carolyn A. Malone, Laura C. Hanson, Sheryl Zimmerman, Jason Karlawish, Emily A. Largent, Maria P. Aranda, Ladson Hinton, Brenda P. Nicholson, Louise Phillips, Sam Fazio, Gary Epstein-Lubow
Summary: The National Institute on Aging convened a Lived Experience Panel to provide input on research priorities and conducting clinical trials of dementia care interventions. In its first year, the panel met with different cores of the IMPACT Collaboratory and offered valuable insights and discussions on issues relevant to dementia care.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anne M. Walling, Katherine Ast, Jordan M. Harrison, Sydney M. Dy, Mary Ersek, Laura C. Hanson, Arif H. Kamal, Christine S. Ritchie, Joan M. Teno, Joseph D. Rotella, Vyjeyanthi S. Periyakoil, Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia
Summary: This study developed and tested two patient-reported measures to assess the quality of Palliative care. The development process involved patient engagement and feedback. The measures addressed the gaps in research and received endorsement from the National Quality Forum.
JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Meghan Hendricksen, Andrea J. Loizeau, Daniel A. Habtemariam, Ruth A. Anderson, Laura C. Hanson, Erika M. C. D'Agata, Susan L. Mitchell
Summary: This study examined facility and provider characteristics associated with adherence to the TRAIN-AD program. The results showed that being a nurse was associated with higher likelihood of attending training seminars, while providers who were in facilities when implementation began and in facilities with better quality ratings were more likely to complete the online course. Prevalent participation and higher facility quality were also significantly associated with greater adherence to either seminar or online course.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Joan G. Carpenter, Laura C. Hanson, Nancy Hodgson, Andrew Murray, Daniel S. Hippe, Nayak L. Polissar, Mary Ersek
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a primary palliative care intervention for older adults in post-acute care, as well as its implementation. The research design is a two-arm nonequivalent group multi-site pilot pragmatic clinical trial, recruiting from nursing homes in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)