Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nikhil Srivastava, Hyun-Joon Ha
Summary: Aziridine displays different regioselective ring-opening reactions depending on the functional group of its alkyl substituents. This reaction can efficiently generate various substituted heterocycles.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Linlin Zhu, Qinyong Chen, Ying Wang, Huishan Huang, Wenyi Luo, Zhunxuan Li, Zhen Zhang, Nikos Hadjichristidis
Summary: A facile and effective method involving ring-opening copolymerization of N-sulfonyl aziridines towards cellulose has been developed for efficient oil/water separation. The modified cellulose paper material showed promising properties for efficient oil/water separations, with a grafting ratio ranging from 96 to 150% and a contact angle over 127°.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jieun Choi, Taehwan Yu, Hyun-Joon Ha
Summary: The highly strained three-membered aziridine ring was activated as an aziridinium ion through alkylation of the ring nitrogen and subsequent ring opening with external nucleophiles. This method provides an easy route for synthesizing various N-alkylated amine-containing molecules with the introduction of external nucleophiles at either the alpha or beta position.
Article
Polymer Science
Wen Zhang, Dequan Chen, Xin Wang, Xingyi Xie
Summary: This study presents a simplified synthesis method for polyethylenimine (PEI) by using 2-haloethylamine in aqueous solution without separating the aziridine intermediate. The optimized two-stage process at different temperatures allows the conversion of 2-chloroethylamine into aziridine and PEI oligomer, and the subsequent ring-opening polymerization of aziridine to form PEI chains. The impurities in the final polymers are significantly reduced compared to traditional methods. This study provides insights into the mechanism of aziridine polymerization under basic conditions and offers a safer and more economical approach to manufacturing PEI polymers.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Xiao-Fei Fu, Qiang Zhao, Wen-Xian Zhao
Summary: A copper-catalyzed three-component tandem reaction involving alkenes, sulfonyl azides, and alcohols has been described for the synthesis of valuable beta-alkoxy amines. This method is practical and cost-effective, showing good yields and tolerance towards various functional groups.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Polymer Science
Eduard Gloeckler, Swarup Ghosh, Stephan Schulz
Summary: This review highlights the ongoing developments in the ring-opening polymerization of lactide and caprolactone using beta-diketiminate and beta-ketoiminate metal complexes. The resulting aliphatic polyesters could serve as sustainable replacements to petrochemicals-based polymers, with potential applications in tissue engineering, bio-medical, and agricultural sciences.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Trocha, Dorota G. G. Piotrowska, Iwona E. E. Glowacka
Summary: This study developed simple and efficient strategies for synthesizing enantiomerically enriched functionalized diethyl 2-amino-, 2,3-diamino- and 2-amino-3-hydroxypropylphosphonates. Starting from N-protected (aziridin-2-yl)methylphosphonates, a regioselective aziridine ring-opening reaction with corresponding nucleophiles was employed. The reactions resulted in the formation of various phosphonate derivatives with high enantiomeric purity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bing Yuan, Decai Ding, Chuan Wang
Summary: In this study, we have successfully implemented a reductive strategy for the ring opening reaction of aryl cyclopropylketones with unactivated alkyl bromides. The nickel-catalyzed reductive Csp3-Csp3cross-coupling reaction proceeds with complete regioselectivity, bypassing the need for pregenerated organometallics and allowing for efficient synthesis of alkylated ketones with high step economy and functionality tolerance.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jan Doubsky, Stanislav Radl, Josef Cinibulk, Robert Klvana
Summary: An efficient and scalable synthesis method for fingolimod hydrochloride has been developed, using the aziridine regioselective ring-opening reaction as a key step. The method is industrially applicable and has been successfully applied to 500 g scales of the target product.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Peng-Duo Song, Lei Xia, Xuan Nie, Guang Chen, Fei Wang, Ze Zhang, Chun-Yan Hong, Ye-Zi You
Summary: In this study, a ring-opening copolymerization method is reported to synthesize poly(thioester sulfonamide)s with highly alternative structures, high yields, and controlled molecular weights. This method combines the advantages of thioesters and amides, and can also be used to produce novel block copolymers.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Long Huang, Chenghao Luo, Panpan Xu, Bing Liu, Duntie Zhang, Jing Zhang, Denghong Pang, Yuefa Gong
Summary: A facile synthesis of methyl 1,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates is reported in this article, where acid-catalyzed reaction of methyl 2-aroyl-1-phenoxycyclopropanecarboxylates with aromatic amines yields high to excellent yields under mild conditions.
JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xingpeng Chen, Zhengshuo Huang, Jiaxi Xu
Summary: 2-(2-Oxoalkylidene)-1,3-oxazolidine derivatives were synthesized in good to excellent yields through a regiospecific catalyst-free electrophilic ring expansion process, involving N-unprotected aziridines and alpha-oxoketenes. The ring expansion predominantly underwent an S(N)1 process, while the hydrogen bond determined the (E)-configuration of products.
ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Tobias A. Bauer, Christian Muhl, Dieter Schollmeyer, Matthias Barz
Summary: The use of racemic mixtures of NCAs can improve reaction rates and monomer conversion, the controlled living nature of polypeptide ring-opening polymerization enables the synthesis of high DP polypeptides and triblock copolymers with symmetric molecular weight distributions through sequential monomer addition.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Zhichao Wang, Shoko Yamazaki, Tsumoru Morimoto, Hiroshi Takashima, Ayane Nakaoku, Makoto Shimizu, Akiya Ogawa
Summary: This study investigated intramolecular cyclization reactions of arylpropargyl amides of electron-deficient alpha, beta-alkenyl carboxylates, such as fumarates and ethenetricarboxylates. The reactions yielded benz[f]isoindoline derivatives when fumaramides were reacted with a base, Et3N or DBU, in xylenes under air. Aroyl-substituted pyrrolidine derivatives were obtained as major products when amides of fumarate and ethenetricarboxylate were heated in DMSO. The reaction mechanisms were discussed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Rui Chen, Ying Wang, Linlin Zhu, Zhen Zhang
Summary: An ultrafast method for controlled synthesis of polysulfonamides through organocatalytic anionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the melt has been established. Using N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as catalyst, poly(2-methyl-N-tosylaziridine) with molecular weight over 100 kg/mol can be synthesized in less than 90 s. Various initiators can be applied to achieve molecular weight and end-group controlled polymers under open-flask conditions.
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)