Article
Thermodynamics
Nur Sulihatimarsyila Abd Wafti, Robiah Yunus, Harrison Lik Nang Lau, Thomas Shean Yaw Choong, Suraini Abd-Aziz
Summary: The application of enzymes in the organic synthesis of polyol esters for biolubricants is explored in this study. TMP ester was synthesized from HO-PME through enzymatic transesterification. This research demonstrates that only 3% enzyme dosage is needed to achieve the highest triester yield of 82% without purification. The enzymatically synthesized TMP ester exhibits excellent lubricant properties.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ng Wei Zhe, Aaron Anthony Obon, Chin Loong Lee, Yi Hui Ong, Wail Gourich, Kireshwen Maran, Dennis Boon Yong Tang, Cher Pin Song, Eng-Seng Chan
Summary: This paper proposes a new concept of using palm oil mills to co-produce biodiesel for rural electrification, and a techno-economic assessment shows that it is commercially viable.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wail Gourich, Eng-Seng Chan, Wei Zhe Ng, Aaron Anthony Obon, Kireshwen Maran, Yi Hui Ong, Chin Loong Lee, Jully Tan, Cher Pin Song
Summary: The lack of reliable electricity access, especially in rural areas, remains a global issue. This paper proposes a new concept of co-producing biodiesel in rural palm oil mills to create renewable energy access. The study finds that using enzymatic biodiesel for electrification significantly improves climate benefits compared to commercial diesel. Furthermore, a biodiesel co-production facility in a medium-sized palm oil mill can support around 940 surrounding households. This electrification concept is feasible and can be implemented in many developing palm oil producing countries.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Philipp Gutbrod, Sophie Reichert, Katharina Gutbrod, Amazigh Hamai, Claire Brehelin, Georges Ngando-Ebongue, Peter Doermann
Summary: The African Oil Palm is a crucial oil crop for food, feed, and biotechnological applications. Research has identified significant amounts of fatty acid phytyl esters and fatty acid geranylgeranyl esters in the mesocarp and kernel tissues of the fruit, providing additional metabolic sources for fatty acids and alcohols. Enzymatic reactions were shown to be involved in the synthesis of these compounds, with potential implications for carotenoids and tocotrienols production.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Papasanee Muanruksa, Phavit Wongsirichot, James Winterburn, Pakawadee Kaewkannetra
Summary: The integrated cleaner biocatalyst process showed high efficiency in biodiesel production, with high yields achieved and the biocatalyst being reusable for more than 16-17 cycles.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Mann Loh, Amelia, Wail Gourich, Chien Lye Chew, Cher Pin Song, Eng-Seng Chan
Summary: This study demonstrated an economical and sustainable enzymatic process for converting sludge palm oil into high-quality biodiesel using a low-cost liquid lipase. The results showed that a high ester content of approximately 94 wt% crude biodiesel could be produced under low-input process conditions with a low enzyme concentration and methanol-to-oil molar ratio at a low operating temperature.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nesrain Farhan, Anis Rageh Al-Maleki, Shahla Ataei, Norazilawati Muhamad Sarih, Rosiyah Yahya
Summary: This study synthesized two fatty amides from extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) and found that they have high antibacterial activity, making them a potential alternative therapeutic strategy for bacterial diseases.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Bee Aik Tan, Anusha Nair, Mohd Ibnur Syawal Zakaria, Jaime Yoke Sum Low, Shwu Fun Kua, Ka Loo Koo, Yick Ching Wong, Bee Keat Neoh, Chin Ming Lim, David Ross Appleton
Summary: This study identifies the conveyor system as the pivotal area for FFA reduction in the mill, along with minimizing fruit bruising. Loose fruits with high FFA content should be processed separately from FFB, and high-FFA CPO derived from loose fruits should not be mixed with standard CPO.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Remonatto, Nubia Santaella, Lindomar Alberto Lerin, Juliana Cristina Bassan, Marcel Otavio Cerri, Ariela Veloso de Paula
Summary: This study aimed to synthesize medium-long-medium (MLM) triacylglycerols with nutraceutical applications through enzymatic acidolysis in a fluidized bed reactor. The optimal conditions were found to be a 1:4 oil/acid molar ratio and 80 cycles, resulting in a degree of incorporation of about 40 mol%.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cecilia Garcia-Oliva, Almudena Perona, Angel Rumbero, Pilar Hoyos, Maria J. Hernaiz
Summary: This study reports the enzymatic synthesis of rhamnose fatty acid esters through transesterification using lipase from Pseudomonas stutzeri as a biocatalyst. Optimum conditions were determined for achieving high conversion and regioselectivity, and the role of various reaction conditions was investigated. The use of specific solvents and acyl donors with different chain lengths greatly influenced the efficiency of the reaction. The enzyme's regioselectivity and its ability to accommodate ester chains of different lengths were explained through molecular modeling and simulation studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Abdul Hadi, Mohd Jumain Jalil, Aliff Farhan Mohd Yamin, Intan Suhada Azmi
Summary: This paper reports a study on the formation of dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) from epoxidized palm oil-derived oleic acid (EPOOA) through an in-situ hydrolysis process. The optimal reaction conditions were determined using the Taguchi method and the significance of each parameter was analyzed using ANOVA.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Kritpornpawee Pindit, Anusith Thanapimmetha, Maythee Saisriyoot, Penjit Srinopakun
Summary: This research presents a 5-step chemical reaction and modifications to convert triglyceride of jatropha and soybean oils to biolubricant. The process involves saponification, hydrolysis, urea crystallization, epoxidation, epoxide ring opening, and esterification. The synthesized biolubricant basestocks appear to be suitable for a hydraulic fluid application.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elisabetta Brenna, Valeria De Fabritiis, Fabio Parmeggiani, Francesca Tentori, Davide Tessaro
Summary: This work presents the synthesis of oleoyl ethanolamide, an FDA-approved dietary supplement for weight loss, using lipase-mediated conversion of oleic acid. The process utilizes a packed-bed reactor with commercial lipase Lipozyme 435 in continuous flow mode, which improves reaction yield and catalyst productivity. The nontoxic and renewable solvent limonene is used, and the biocatalyst demonstrates stability and efficiency after more than 157 hours of continuous operation. The target compound is selectively obtained by simple filtration, showing high purity and isolation yield, while the reaction byproducts remain in the solution.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Juliana A. S. Montenegro, Andreas Ries, Ingridy D. S. Silva, Carlos B. B. Luna, Antonia L. Souza, Renate M. R. Wellen
Summary: In this study, both synthetic and enzymatic routes were investigated for the epoxidation of castor oil to reduce environmental impact. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance in hydrogen molecules (H-1-NMR) were used to analyze the reactions. The results showed that the enzymatic reactions (6 h) and synthetic reactions achieved conversion rates of 50-96% and epoxidation rates of 25-48%. It was also observed that the absence of a solid catalyst resulted in a selectivity of 2% and the presence of solid catalysts (Amberlite and lipase enzyme) was crucial for the conversion of castor oil into oxirane rings.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Keysson V. Fernandes, Elisa D. C. Cavalcanti, Eliane P. Cipolatti, Erika C. G. Aguieiras, Martina C. C. Pinto, Fernanda A. Tavares, Priscila R. da Silva, Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente, Sara Arana-Pena, Jose Carlos Pinto, Charles L. B. Assuncao, Jose Andre C. da Silva, Denise M. G. Freire
Summary: This study successfully synthesized biolubricants from by-products of soybean oil processing using the lipase from Candida rugosa, showing high conversion rates and improved efficiency through immobilization. The products demonstrated good lubricant properties, indicating a potential environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum-based lubricants.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mostafa Yousefzadeh Borzehandani, Emilia Abdulmalek, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman, Muhammad Alif Mohammad Latif
Summary: Functionalization of organic linkers in metal-organic frameworks has been a popular method for various applications, with dimethyl functionalization showing improved adsorption properties for xylene separation. Among the isomers, the meta-dimethyl-MIL-53(Al) complex exhibited the lowest energy and highest thermodynamic stability, making it a potential candidate for xylene adsorption and separation.
JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Norfatin Izzatie Mohamad Saimi, Norazlinaliza Salim, Noraini Ahmad, Emilia Abdulmalek, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: The study developed a niosome formulation NGC with low toxicity and good stability for lung cancer treatment. In vitro experiments showed that NGC has reduced cytotoxic effects on normal lung and lung cancer cells compared to conventional drugs.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eleen Dayana Mohamed Isa, Haslina Ahmad, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman, Martin R. Gill
Summary: Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as drug delivery agents show great potential in cancer treatment by enhancing efficacy and reducing side effects. Through the development of smart DDAs and the capability to efficiently trap cargo molecules, MSNs have a bright future in both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Review
Oncology
Nian N. N. Maarof, Abdulsamad Alsalahi, Emilia Abdulmalek, Sharida Fakurazi, Bimo Ario Tejo, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: Randomized controlled trials have shown that first- and second-line afatinib monotherapy can improve survival in patients with NSCLC, with potential promise for R/M HNSCC. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to gather additional survival data on the efficacy of afatinib in R/M HNSCC.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nur Izzah Md Fadilah, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman, Loqman Mohamad Yusof, Noordin Mohamed Mustapha, Haslina Ahmad
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of a novel peptide Palmitoyl-GDPH in wound healing, showing faster healing and reduced scar formation. In experiments with SD rats, the Palmitoyl-GDPH treated group exhibited better healing outcomes, with stimulation of hair follicle growth and lower hemogram values compared to the control group.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aymen S. Abu Hatab, Yahia H. Ahmad, Mohd B. Abdul Rahman, Siham Y. Al-Qaradawi
Summary: In this study, nickel-based hybrid metal oxides (NixM1-xOy) were successfully synthesized using solution combustion synthesis method, and their catalytic performance towards OER was evaluated. Among them, NixCo1-xOy exhibited the best catalytic activity for OER. The enhanced performance was attributed to the synergism between cobalt and nickel, as well as the alteration of the electronic structure of nickel.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Nurul Akmarina Mohd Abdul Kamal, Emilia Abdulmalek, Sharida Fakurazi, Kyle E. Cordova, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: This study reports a cancer-targeting nanotherapeutic with a sustainable dissolution rate in acidic media and enhanced permeability rate in healthy zebrafish embryos, without toxicity.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Suleiman Bala, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Tahir, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous crystalline compounds made of organic materials bonded by strong reversible covalent bonds, which can be used to effectively remove pollutants like pharmaceuticals and personal care products from water.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nian N. N. Maarof, Emilia Abdulmalek, Sharida Fakurazi, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: This study presents the synthesis and characterization of carbonate apatite nanoparticles (nCA) as a drug delivery system for lung cancer treatment. The results show that nCA can effectively encapsulate the drug afatinib and exhibit slow and sustained drug release, suggesting its potential as a promising treatment for lung cancer.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aymen S. Abu Hatab, Yahia H. Ahmad, Muna Ibrahim, Alaa Elsafi Ahmed, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman, Siham Y. Al-Qaradawi
Summary: Water electrolysis is a green route for energy generation, but the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER) increases the reaction overpotential. This study developed Co-based nanomaterials as cost-effective and highly efficient catalysts for OER. Among the synthesized Co-based metal-organic frameworks, Co/MC-2MeIM showed the highest surface area and expressed the best catalytic performance in alkaline medium. The superior performance is attributed to the high content of Co3+ on the surface, high surface area, enhanced electrical conductivity induced by nitrogen doping, and the presence of defects.
Article
Polymer Science
Mostafa Yousefzadeh Borzehandani, Majid Namayandeh Jorabchi, Emilia Abdulmalek, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman, Muhammad Alif Mohammad Latif
Summary: This study investigated the adsorption ability of the highly scalable metal-organic framework (MOF) CALF-20 for polar and non-polar gases at low pressure through grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results showed that CALF-20 had the highest loading for SO2 and Cl-2, but the lowest loading for F-2. It was concluded that CALF-20 is a suitable adsorbent for SO2 and Cl-2 but not for F-2, emphasizing the importance of molecular size, geometry, and polarity in determining adsorbent suitability.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Noor Fazrieyana Hamidon, Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Tahir, Muhammad Alif Mohamad Latif, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: Three different ZIF-8 polymorphism structures were synthesized with varying molar ratios of 2-methylimidazole and zinc nitrate hexahydrate. These structures were tested as catalysts for the hydrolysis reaction of p-nitrophenyl palmitate, with ZIF-L demonstrating the highest catalytic performance. Meanwhile, n(35)ZIF-8 exhibited good kinetics and recovery rate, maintaining 50% activity until the fifth cycle.
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Azren Aida Asmawi, Norazlinaliza Salim, Emilia Abdulmalek, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: This study explored the preparation of inhalable docetaxel (DTX) and curcumin (CCM)-loaded nanoemulsions within the 100 to 200 nm range. A response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the size of the nanoemulsion. The nanoemulsions demonstrated favorable physicochemical and aerodynamic properties, reduced toxicity, and increased membrane permeability.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Auni Hamimi Idris, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Nor Azah Yusof, Azren Aida Asmawi, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths due to late diagnosis and lack of effective therapies. In this study, a potential theranostic agent for lung cancer treatment called Dtx-MNLC was developed, which consists of a nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles and docetaxel (Dtx). The formulation showed controlled release of Dtx in a simulated cancer cell microenvironment and exhibited higher cytotoxicity to lung cancer cells compared to healthy lung cells. It has the potential to be an effective and targeted treatment for lung cancer.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nadiah Syafiqah Mohd Azlan, Chiew Lin Yap, Yong Wei Tiong, Suyin Gan, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
Summary: The integration of phosphotungstic acid and niobium oxide creates a bifunctional catalyst for efficient conversion of biomass to levulinic acid. Incorporating the catalyst into a carbon cryogel enhances its durability and ability to be recycled.
JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
