Article
Cell Biology
Marianna Kapetanou, Tobias Nespital, Luke S. Tain, Andre Pahl, Linda Partridge, Efstathios S. Gonos
Summary: As organisms age, proteostasis is disrupted, leading to the accumulation of damaged and aggregated proteins. The FoxO1 transcription factor is shown to directly regulate proteasome activity by controlling the expression of catalytic subunits, impacting longevity and protein homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ben Stocks, Juleen R. Zierath
Summary: Diabetes is a global epidemic, and type 2 diabetes is the most common form. However, lifestyle interventions can prevent and treat type 2 diabetes in some individuals. Exercise increases glucose uptake into skeletal muscle and improves glucose homeostasis in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Exercise also sensitizes skeletal muscle to insulin through a complex network of signals and post-translational modifications. This review highlights the role of post-translational modifications in regulating glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle during exercise. It also discusses the potential for noncanonical signaling in controlling glucose homeostasis and the need for further research to fully understand the insulin- and exercise-sensitive signaling networks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scott Frendo-Cumbo, Taoyingnan Li, Dustin A. Ammendolia, Etienne Coyaud, Estelle M. N. Laurent, Yuan Liu, Philip J. Bilan, Gordon Polevoy, Brian Raught, Julie A. Brill, Amira Klip, John H. Brumell
Summary: Cell proliferation is regulated by growth factors insulin and IGF1. The study identified DCAF7 as an interactor of IRS1, a mediator of insulin/IGF1 signaling, that regulates cell proliferation and cell cycle through the IRS1-FOXO1 signaling pathway. DCAF7 knockdown led to cell cycle arrest and reduced cell proliferation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wanbao Yang, Wang Liao, Xiaopeng Li, Weiqi Ai, Quan Pan, Zheng Shen, Wen Jiang, Shaodong Guo
Summary: This study found that p38 alpha MAPK stimulates FOXO1-S273 phosphorylation to mediate the action of glucagon on glucose homeostasis. The glucagon-induced EPAC2-p38 alpha MAPK-pFOXO1S273 signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Review
Cell Biology
Chunhua Yang, Mengna Wei, Yanpu Zhao, Zhanyi Yang, Mengyao Song, Jia Mi, Xiaoyong Yang, Geng Tian
Summary: Post-translational modifications (PTMs) in pancreatic beta cells play crucial roles in insulin secretion and have significant implications for diabetes mellitus development. This article summarizes the major PTMs occurring in beta cells and their impact on insulin secretion, providing valuable insights into the understanding of insulin secretion mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for diabetes from the perspective of protein PTMs.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Anand Sreeram, Ahmad Masad, Zahra Sootodeh Nia, Daniel Maschauer, Johannes Mirwald, Bernhard Hofko, Amit Bhasin
Summary: Efficient and practical techniques for simulating aging of asphalt mixtures are important for practitioners worldwide. This study developed a laboratory procedure for accelerated aging of loose asphalt specimens using highly oxidative gas, and the results showed promising chemomechanical correlations between the ROS aging method and conventional aging methods. The procedure serves as a proof of concept and provides encouraging results for further development and standardization.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoqin Guo, Xiaopeng Li, Wanbao Yang, Wang Liao, James Zheng Shen, Weiqi Ai, Quan Pan, Yuxiang Sun, Kebin Zhang, Rui Zhang, Yuyang Qiu, Qian Dai, Hongting Zheng, Shaodong Guo
Summary: Metformin primarily lowers hepatic glucose production by inhibiting Foxo1, and it further suppresses glucagon-induced glucose production through inhibiting the PKA -> Foxo1 signaling pathway.
Article
Cell Biology
Wanbao Yang, Da Mi Kim, Wen Jiang, Weiqi Ai, Quan Pan, Shahina Rahman, James J. Cai, Wesley A. Brashear, Yuxiang Sun, Shaodong Guo
Summary: The liver plays a crucial role in maintaining whole-body nutrient homeostasis, but its function deteriorates with aging, contributing to the development of age-related diseases. In this study, the researchers used RNA sequencing techniques to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying liver aging. They found that aging led to liver inflammation, glucose intolerance, and fat deposition in mice. Specifically, the aging process increased pro-inflammatory levels in hepatic macrophages, with Kupffer cells being the main drivers of this inflammation. The researchers also identified a set of aging-responsive genes that potentially mediate pro-inflammation in Kupffer cells. Additionally, they discovered that FOXO1, a protein involved in regulating gene expression, played a key role in aging-induced inflammation and could be a potential therapeutic target for age-associated chronic diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yejun Zhang, Xin Li, Dequan Zhang, Yuqiang Bai, Xu Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of acetylation levels on actomyosin disassociation and phosphorylation in lamb at 4 degrees Celsius. The results showed that higher acetylation levels inhibited actomyosin dissociation and increased ATPase activity. Acetylation of myosin heavy chain and actin could inhibit their phosphorylation, ultimately affecting the disassociation process.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yekatarina Gadasheva, Alexander Nolze, Claudia Grossmann
Summary: Cardiovascular aging leads to increased arterial stiffness and left ventricular hypertrophy, with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system playing a key role in regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure. The mineralocorticoid receptor can undergo enzymatic and non-enzymatic modifications, impacting its activity independently of its ligand aldosterone. These modifications may have implications for cardiovascular aging and diseases.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanan Hu, Lu Yi, Yeyi Yang, Zhixiang Wu, Min Kong, Zhijuan Kang, Zuocheng Yang
Summary: Viral myocarditis is a major cause of sudden cardiac death in children and young adults, with coxsackievirus B3 being the most common causative agent. Signaling pathways play a key role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis, offering potential therapeutic targets. This study reveals that CVB3 infection induces apoptosis through the FOXO1 acetylation-Bim pathway, suggesting new insights for potential therapeutic targets in enteroviral myocarditis.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Z. Wang, F. Zhou, X. Feng, H. Li, C. Duan, Y. Wu, Y. Xiong
Summary: Periodontitis, a common chronic oral disease, is highly susceptible to aging. FoxO1, a transcription factor involved in body development and senescence, was found to play a role in halting the progression of age-related alveolar bone loss in mice. Further studies revealed that FoxO1 deficiency enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in osteoblasts, and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome rescued osteoblast differentiation under oxidative stress. These findings provide insights into the role of FoxO1 and suggest a potential mechanism for treating age-related alveolar bone loss.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Xinyi Wang, Boran Li, Qiming Sun
Summary: It has been discovered that RETREG1 (reticulophagy regulator 1) is a reticulophagy receptor that catalyzes the fragmentation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to facilitate the formation of reticulophagosomes. Additionally, phosphorylation and acetylation of RETREG1 stimulate its oligomerization, facilitating ER fragmentation and reticulophagy. This study provides further insight into how reticulophagy receptors transmit cellular signals to fine-tune ER homeostasis.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiangyu Wang, Hanjiang Zhao, Zhenchuan Liu, Yitong Wang, Dan Lin, Long Chen, Jiewen Dai, Kaili Lin, Steve G. Shen
Summary: PDA nanoparticles exhibit a dual antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanism, effectively treating temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by improving mitochondrial respiration efficiency and reducing ROS production. This nanoplatform opens up a new avenue for osteoarthritis treatment and offers valuable insights into the design of biomaterials with multiple biomedical applications by regulating cellular energy metabolism.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eunhui Seo, Heesik Nam, Hee-Sook Jun
Summary: This study found that an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can induce the expression of HNF-4 alpha via the ASK1 pathway, thereby enhancing the expression of ChREBP and promoting lipogenesis. This may explain the elevated liver lipid levels associated with aging and oxidative stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyu Wang, Jun Huang, Huan Li, Yanlong Li, Shuang Cai, Bangxin Xue, Zhekun Zhu, Xiangzhou Zeng, Xiangfang Zeng
Summary: Embryo development plays a crucial role in pregnancy outcome and lifelong health. A high throughput screening cell model was established to select nutrients that can enhance embryonic development. Resveratrol was identified as a potential candidate for promoting embryo development.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ren Yoshitomi, Motofumi Kumazoe, Kwan-Woo Lee, Yuki Marugame, Yoshinori Fujimura, Hirofumi Tachibana
Summary: This study investigated the connection between food components and circular RNA (circRNA), as well as the regulatory effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) on circRNA expression in the liver. The results showed that EGCG treatment altered the expression of circRNAs in mice livers, and one upregulated circRNA (mmu_circRNA_011775) affected the expression of genes related to liver fibrosis and the cardiovascular system.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
ViVi Tang Kang Wee, Hitoshi Shirakawa, Sung-Ling Yeh, Chiu-Li Yeh
Summary: This study investigated the effects of fermented rice bran (FRB) on modulating intestinal aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression, innate lymphoid cell (ILC)3 populations, the fecal microbiota distribution, and their associations with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis. The results showed that FRB supplementation can improve gut health, alleviate colitis symptoms, and have anti-colitis effects by enhancing ILC3 and AhR functions.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinzhuang Ma, Xijuan Ren, Xuemin Zhang, Guangyin Wang, Hui Liu, Li Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates that rutin can ameliorate kidney damage caused by PFOA exposure by improving oxidative stress and regulating lipid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ya-Jie Ding, Xue-Ning Li, Zhe Xiao, Chen-Yang Li, Li-Hong Jia
Summary: This study investigates the impact of maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy on infantile eczema. The findings suggest that lower prenatal maternal vitamin D levels increase the risk of eczema in infants aged 0-1 year. Furthermore, the study indicates that infants with eczema have lower expression of the Foxp3 gene in cord blood and decreased placental FOXP3 protein expression. These results suggest that vitamin D may affect the development of infantile eczema through the regulation of gene and protein expression in cord blood and placenta.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shujing Liu, Shiyu Song, Shuan Wang, Tonghui Cai, Lian Qin, Xinzhuang Wang, Guangming Zhu, Haibo Wang, Wenqi Yang, Chunlu Fang, Yuan Wei, Fu Zhou, Yang Yu, Shaozhang Lin, Shuang Peng, Liangming Li
Summary: Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet disrupts energy balance and leads to weight gain. The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene is involved in high-fat diet-induced obesity. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance, and high-fat diet-induced hypothalamic leptin resistance contributes to obesity. The study reveals that FTO is associated with hypothalamic leptin resistance and provides new insight into its role in obesity.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuang Liu, Xiaoling Chen, Jun He, Yuheng Luo, Ping Zheng, Bing Yu, Daiwen Chen, Zhiqing Huang
Summary: This study found that oleanolic acid promotes the transformation of fast muscle fibers to slow muscle fibers through the TGR5-mediated CaN/NFATc1 signaling pathway.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huijuan Hu, Fan Li, Shaoli Cheng, Tingting Qu, Fanqi Shen, Jie Cheng, Lina Chen, Zhenghang Zhao, Hao Hu
Summary: Long-term alternate-day fasting can ameliorate obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior and hippocampal damage, but it can cause anxiety in normal-weight mice. Short-term alternate-day fasting does not produce adverse emotional reactions in normal-weight mice.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jannis Ulke, Christian Schwedler, Janine Krueger, Vanessa Stein, Peter Geserick, Andre Kleinridders, Kai Kappert
Summary: This study characterized the glycosylation pattern of PTPRJ in the liver and found that high-fat diet-induced obesity altered the glycosylation pattern of PTPRJ. These findings provide new insights into the role of glycosylation in metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuang Liu, Marii Mochizuki, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Erika Takemasa, Akiko Yano, Matome Imai, Masaki Mogi
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of leucine supplementation in offsetting immune dysfunction in sarcopenia. The results showed that leucine supplementation not only improved muscle mass and restored mitochondrial respiratory function, but also reduced inflammation levels. These findings are important for the rational design and optimization of leucine supplementation in patients with sarcopenia and autoimmune diseases.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhan Su, Jun Fang, Bin Yao, Gang Liu
Summary: Osteoporosis is a serious skeletal disorder that can be prevented and treated by polyphenols, which have antioxidant and anti-allergy properties. Polyphenols affect bone metabolism and density by inhibiting oxidative stress and exhibiting antibacterial effects. This article provides an overview of the preventive and therapeutic effects of polyphenols on osteoporosis and discusses the mechanisms involved.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Zhang, Xinhua Xiao, Jia Zheng, Ming Li, Miao Yu, Fan Ping, Tong Wang, Xiaojing Wang
Summary: Maternal high-fat diet can affect the structure and function of offspring's pancreas, leading to weight gain, glucose metabolism disorders, and insulin secretion defects. The study found that this may be related to DNA methylation of specific genes in the pancreas.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanaa Mousa, Aisha Al Saei, Rozaimi Mohamad Razali, Susu M. Zughaier
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency and dyslipidemia have significant implications for human health. This study investigates the proteomic profiles of individuals with and without these conditions, revealing decreased HDL-associated apolipoproteins and increased acute-phase proteins. Pathway analysis highlights inflammatory and cancer pathways associated with vitamin D deficiency and dyslipidemia.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi-Lan Jiang, Tao Li, Qin Xu, Yang Zeng, Wei Wang, Bo-Tao Zhang, Qing-Ping Yao, Rui Jiang, Jun Jiang
Summary: Environmental factors, especially dietary habits, play a significant role in the susceptibility and progression of cardiovascular diseases through epigenetic modification. This study found that a methyl donor diet can attenuate balloon injury-induced intimal hyperplasia in rat carotid arteries, potentially by influencing the composition and function of the extracellular matrix.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiayi Cai, Yajie Qiao, Lingbin Chen, Youguang Lu, Dali Zheng
Summary: The Notch signaling pathway plays a regulatory role in normal biological processes such as cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and stem cell self-renewal. Dysregulation of this pathway is associated with various types of cancer. Natural products targeting the Notch pathway have shown potential as chemopreventive and anti-cancer agents, providing a feasible solution to fight against cancer by either alone or in combination with current therapeutic agents.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)