Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elvira Estorninos, Rachel B. Lawenko, Eisel Palestroque, Norbert Sprenger, Jalil Benyacoub, Guus A. M. Kortman, Jos Boekhorst, Jodi Bettler, Colin Cercamondi, Bernard Berger
Summary: The study found that infant formula supplemented with oligosaccharides can improve gut microbiota and enhance intestinal immunity. Compared to the control group, the oligosaccharide-supplemented formula had a strong bifidogenic effect, reduced fecal pathogens, and improved intestinal immune response.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Pegah Jalili, Benjamin-Christoph Krause, Rachelle Lanceleur, Agnes Burel, Harald Jungnickel, Alfonso Lampen, Peter Laux, Andreas Luch, Valerie Fessard, Kevin Hogeveen
Summary: This study investigated the cytotoxic effects of different hydrophobicity TiO2 nanomaterials on intestine and liver models. While no significant cytotoxic effects were observed, changes in membrane composition may induce potential adverse effects in the long-term.
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Brian Christensen, Albert J. Buitenhuis, Lotte N. Jacobsen, Marie S. Ostenfeld, Esben S. Sorensen
Summary: Osteopontin (OPN) is abundant in human milk and has a lower concentration in bovine milk. Both human and bovine milk OPN resist digestion and have beneficial effects on intestinal development. This study compared the effect of digested human and bovine milk OPN on gene expression in Caco-2 cells and found that both OPNs regulated the expression of genes related to biological processes such as the ubiquitin system, DNA binding, transcription, and transcription control pathways.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lisa F. Stinson, Donna T. Geddes
Summary: Microbial metabolites are transmitted to infants via human milk, impacting early-life programming. The use of metabolomics is advocated to complement current milk microbiome research.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chuncui Huang, Yue Lu, Lin Kong, Zhendong Guo, Keli Zhao, Zheng Xiang, Xinyue Ma, Huanyu Gao, Yongfang Liu, Zhongmin Gao, Lijuan Xu, Wengang Chai, Yan Li, Yao Zhao
Summary: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are important for protecting infants from infections, especially for preterm infants. However, there is limited research on the specific differences in HMOs as a function of gestation time. In this study, we established an approach to analyze HMOs and found that the composition and relative abundance of HMOs changed with postpartum age, with significant differences in HMOs secreted at different postpartum times.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wusun Li, Jingxuan Wang, Yingying Lin, Yixuan Li, Fazheng Ren, Huiyuan Guo
Summary: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are structurally diverse sugars highly abundant in human milk, with beneficial functions on infants such as modulating gut microbiota and promoting brain development. While some HMOs have been demonstrated safe to be added into infant formula, their application is currently limited by insufficient availability, calling for further basic and clinical studies in this field.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Richard Y. Wu, Steven R. Botts, Kathene C. Johnson-Henry, Eva Landberg, Thomas R. Abrahamsson, Philip M. Sherman
Summary: The inter-individual variation in human milk oligosaccharide composition has both shared and distinct effects on intestinal epithelial barrier function and gut inflammation.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Elif Sakarya, Nazli Tunca Sanlier, Nevin Sanlier
Summary: The intestinal microbiota begins to form in the mother's womb and undergoes changes influenced by various factors. It plays a crucial role in immune system maturation and the prevention of diseases throughout different stages of life. Nutrition is a key factor in the development of the microbiota in infants after birth, with breast milk oligosaccharides playing a vital role. Breastfed infants have a higher number of Bifidobacterium species and lower diversity, which is considered protective. Dysbiosis in the microbiota can have adverse effects on health, but human milk oligosaccharides and short-chain fatty acids resulting from their digestion have protective effects. Another component, HM glycoproteins, also shape the gut microbiota. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of breast milk on microbiota development and present the findings from a literature review.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc Maresca, Radia Alatou, Ange Pujol, Cendrine Nicoletti, Josette Perrier, Thierry Giardina, Gwenola Simon, Vincent Mejean, Michel Fons
Summary: This study demonstrates that Ruminococcus gnavus E1 expresses the adhesin RadA only when colonizing the gut, which can bind human immunoglobulins and intestinal mucins. The N-terminal region of RadA recognizes specific motifs on proteins and glycans, with Galactose and N-Acetyl-Galactosamine identified as specific targets.
Article
Microbiology
Soo Ji Kang, Jeong A. Moon, Do Yeong Son, Kwang Won Hong
Summary: This study constructed spore-displayed p40, a soluble protein derived from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, using spore surface display technology. Transcriptome analysis revealed that CotG-p40 had regulatory effects on gene expression, affecting metabolic processes and cell signaling pathways in HT-29 cells. Additionally, 10 genes activated by CotG-p40 were found to be associated with probiotic action.
Article
Plant Sciences
Araceli Urquiza-Lopez, Gerardo Alvarez-Rivera, Diego Ballesteros-Vivas, Alejandro Cifuentes, Alma Angelica Del Villar-Martinez
Summary: Rosemary, a culinary and medicinal plant, contains various bioactive compounds such as carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmarinic acid. By studying rosemary cell lines, it was found that they can accumulate other bioactive phytochemicals with demonstrated antiproliferative potential. These results suggest the potential of utilizing rosemary cell lines for their beneficial properties in pharmaceutical applications.
PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wenyuan Zhang, Jacques Vervoort, Jiancun Pan, Peng Gao, Huiquan Zhu, Xiaodan Wang, Yumeng Zhang, Baorong Chen, Ying Liu, Yuanyuan Li, Xiaoyang Pang, Shuwen Zhang, Shilong Jiang, Jing Lu, Jiaping Lyu
Summary: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play a vital role in the development of the infant's gut microbiome and immune function. This study measured 12 oligosaccharides in milk from Chinese donors and evaluated the impacts of various factors on the HMOs profiles. The results showed that the concentrations of 6 sialyllactose were the highest among the 12 oligosaccharides. HMOs concentrations varied depending on geographical location, environmental factors, maternal anthropometric factors, and dietary factors.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Richard Y. Wu, Bo Li, Rachael G. Horne, Abdalla Ahmed, Dorothy Lee, Shaiya C. Robinson, Haitao Zhu, Marissa Cadete, Mashriq Alganabi, Rachel Filler, Kathene C. Johnson-Henry, Paul Delgado-Olguin, Agostino Pierro, Philip M. Sherman
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal emergency that affects premature infants. Breastmilk helps prevent NEC, in part due to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). This study found that different structural HMOs have varying effects on intestinal physiology, with unique mechanisms of action, providing a functional framework for screening and designing HMO-like compounds.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dileep Sai Kumar Palur, Shannon R. Pressley, Shota Atsumi
Summary: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are complex sugars in human milk that have various beneficial properties. The limited availability of HMOs has led to efforts in developing industrial-scale production platforms using microbial systems, particularly Escherichia coli. This review summarizes the progress in microbial production of HMOs, focusing on five approved HMOs for commercialization.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mikayla Ross, Heba Atalla, Niel Karrow, Bonnie A. Mallard
Summary: This study evaluated the functional role of bovine milk exosomes compared with colostrum exosomes from high, average, and low immune responders using Caco-2 cells. The results showed that milk exosomes maintain cell metabolic activity and are not cytotoxic, with significantly greater metabolic activity observed with exosomes from high responder cows. Additionally, milk exosomes were found to have lower caspase 3 activity compared to colostrum exosomes, particularly those from low responders.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Caitlyn G. Edwards, Anne M. Walk, Sharon Thompson, Ginger E. Reeser, Ryan N. Dilger, John W. Erdman, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
Summary: Among middle-aged adults with overweight and obesity, higher intake of choline and lutein+zeaxanthin was associated with faster performance on a cognitive flexibility task. Dietary intake and biomarker data had an impact on cognitive outcomes, but were not related to the N2 and P3 ERP components.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Riley L. Hughes, David A. Alvarado, Kelly S. Swanson, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: This comprehensive review examines the prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans (ITF) on the intestinal microbiota and health in healthy human adults. The review finds that ITF promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and have positive effects on intestinal barrier function, laxation, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, mineral absorption, and satiety. However, there is a lack of discussion on the effects of ITF chain length and individual factors on its efficacy.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Boyi Guo, Hannah D. Holscher, Loretta S. Auvil, Michael E. Welge, Colleen B. Bushell, Janet A. Novotny, David J. Baer, Nicholas A. Burd, Naiman A. Khan, Ruoqing Zhu
Summary: Estimating individualized treatment effects is a popular research topic in statistics and machine learning communities. We propose a random forest model that simultaneously estimates individualized treatment effects for multiple correlated outcomes. Extensive simulation studies and applications show that our method outperforms existing methods in nonlinear settings.
STATISTICS IN BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Isabel T. D. Correia, Kelly A. Tappenden, Ainsley Malone, Carla M. Prado, David C. Evans, Abby C. Sauer, Refaat Hegazi, Leah Gramlich
Summary: Despite various published diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of malnutrition remains a challenge. In 2018, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) published evidence-based criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition in adults. This scoping review examined how the GLIM criteria have been used in published literature and compared the reported validation methods to published validation guidance.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Corinne N. Cannavale, Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Melisa A. Bailey, Neal J. Cohen, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of consuming a fermented dairy beverage containing probiotics on mood, stress, and memory in healthy adults. The results showed that fermented dairy consumption increased the presence of Lactobacillus in the gut and improved relational memory. However, changes in Lactobacillus were not related to memory performance.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: Nondigestible carbohydrates (NDCs), classified as dietary fibers by the US FDA, are widely used in the food supply due to their beneficial effects on human health and product development. However, there are no specific recommendations for the intake of individual NDCs. This review provides tolerable intake dose recommendations for various NDCs based on their gastrointestinal effects, and suggests the need for further studies to test a wider range of doses and consumption forms.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hannah D. Holscher
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melisa A. Bailey, Sharon V. Thompson, Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Jessica N. Bennett, James J. Vanhie, Michael De Lisio, Nicholas A. Burd, Naiman A. Khan, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: Consuming adequate dietary fiber is a promising strategy for reducing systemic inflammation. This study found that dietary fiber intake and fecal short-chain fatty acids were inversely associated with lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, a marker of systemic inflammation. These findings highlight the importance of dietary fiber in reducing inflammation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Corinne N. Cannavale, Melisa A. Bailey, Naiman A. Khan, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: This study found that prebiotic treatment (FOS+GOS) did not affect mental health and inflammation in healthy adults, but it increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexis D. Baldeon, Daniel Mcdonald, Antonio Gonzalez, Rob Knight, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: This study investigated the differences in fecal microbiota composition among adults participating in the American Gut Project based on their adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The results showed that adults who followed the guidelines had higher diversity in their fecal microbiota and a greater abundance of bacteria capable of metabolizing complex carbohydrates.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kelly A. A. Tappenden
Summary: Short bowel syndrome-associated intestinal failure is a complex and life-threatening condition that requires comprehensive care to address the multiple factors affecting the patient's long-term prognosis.
NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Dominika M. Pindus, Ginger Reeser, Richard W. A. Mackenzie, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Shelby A. Keye, Dominika M. Pindus, Anne M. Walk, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nathaniel B. Willis, Colleen X. Munoz, Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Caitlyn G. Edwards, Patricia G. Wolf, Charles H. Hillman, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
Summary: This study examined the relationship between hydration status, gut microbiota, and gut barrier function in adults. The results showed that certain microbial taxa were more abundant in individuals with poorer hydration status. Additionally, there was a positive relationship between plasma copeptin and LBP, suggesting a potential link between metabolic endotoxemia and gut barrier function.
ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kelly Tappenden
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2022)