A Mitochondria-Targeted Vitamin E Derivative Decreases Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Inhibits Fat Deposition in Mice

Our objective in this study was to determine whether a mitochondria-targeted vitamin E derivative (MitoVit E) would decrease oxidative stress and associated obesity by preventing a previously proposed aconitase inhibition cascade. Sixty-four mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet for 5 wk. They were then switched to either a low-fat (LF) or a medium-fat (ME) diet and gavaged with MitoVit E (40 mg MitoVit E . kg body weight(-1)) or drug vehicle (10% ethanol in 0.9% NaCl solution) every other day for 5 wk. Epididymal fat weight, as well as liver lipid and remaining carcass lipid, were significantly lower in the MF group receiving MitoVit E (MF-E) than in the ME group receiving vehicle only (MF-C). Liver mitochondrial H2O2 production and the protein carbonyl level were also significantly lower in MF-E than in MF-C mice. In contrast, none of the biochemical variables (aconitase activity, ATP and H2O2 production, and protein carbonyl level) in the muscle mitochondria were modified by MitoVit E in either ME or LF groups. Expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase in both liver and adipose tissue of ME groups was not affected by MitoVit E. However, expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase la in the liver and uncoupling protein 2 in adipose tissue were significantly enhanced by MitoVit E in both LF and ME groups. In conclusion, MitoVit E attenuates hepatic oxidative stress and inhibits fat deposition in mice but not through alleviation of the aconitase inhibition cascade. J. Nutr. 140: 1425-1431, 2010.