Article
Fisheries
Trond Bjorndal, Madan Dey, Amalie Tusvik
Summary: This paper takes an economic approach to analyze the supply of and demand for fish up to 2030, with a focus on aquaculture. The study finds that variations in aquaculture growth rates have important consequences for future fish prices and per capita fish consumption. Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly affected by the growth rate of aquaculture production.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ting Xiang Neik, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Sean Mayes, David Edwards, Jacqueline Batley, Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, Beng Kah Song, Festo Massawe
Summary: The recent Russia-Ukraine conflict has caused significant concerns about global food security, particularly for low-income countries reliant on grain imports. The conflict has led to restricted access to staple food crops and soaring food prices, impacting the livelihoods of many. This review emphasizes the importance of diversifying agrifood systems to enhance resilience in future food supply chains.
FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ken E. Giller, Thomas Delaune, Joao Vasco Silva, Katrien Descheemaeker, Gerrie van de Ven, Antonius G. T. Schut, Mark van Wijk, James Hammond, Zvi Hochman, Godfrey Taulya, Regis Chikowo, Sudha Narayanan, Avinash Kishore, Fabrizio Bresciani, Heitor Mancini Teixeira, Jens A. Andersson, Martin K. van Ittersum
Summary: Achieving SDG2 requires continued focus on food production and understanding the complex interrelations between farms and farming systems of different scales and methods globally. The bewildering diversity of farming systems worldwide and the economic viability of agriculture are key challenges to be addressed in achieving zero hunger.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexandra Rose, Todd Duhamel, Chris Hyde, Dave E. Kent, Jonathan Afilalo, Annette S. H. Schultz, Anna Chudyk, Dustin S. Kehler, Mudra Dave, Rakesh C. Arora
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of leucine-rich protein supplementation on frail patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with the goal of mitigating frailty progression and enhancing postoperative recovery. The trial involves 150 patients in a two-centre, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial, with data collection and evaluation at four time points respectively.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Maria Sassi
Summary: Undernutrition is a serious challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in countries affected by long-term crises. This study conducted research in the Western Bahr el Ghazal state of South Sudan, using primary data and applying Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) to analyze the variables influencing household nutritional status. The findings indicate that dietary diversity is the most significant factor explaining household nutritional status. Therefore, addressing undernutrition requires a comprehensive, multisectoral approach, with a focus on strengthening the role of agriculture.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ndashe Philemon Kapulu, Heather Clark, Simon Manda, Harriet Elizabeth Smith, Caroline Orfila, Jennie Macdiarmid
Summary: This study assessed the supply trends of food and nutrients in Zambia from 1961 to 2013, and analyzed the impact of socio-economic, political, and climatic events on these trends. The results showed that Zambia has been facing nutrition insecurity, particularly for key micronutrients and energy. The study also found that the diet in Zambia has not significantly changed over time, with maize being the dominant food source. However, there has been an increase in the consumption of refined energy-dense foods and a reduction in fiber intake.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lama Mattar, Hussein Hassan, Nour Kalash, Dana Malli, Marwa Diab-El-Harake, Sahar Nassour, Lamis Jomaa
Summary: This study examined the nutritional content and quality of food parcels distributed in Lebanon during the COVID-19 pandemic and economic crisis. The study found low adherence to dietary guidelines, especially for vegetables and fish. The food parcels provided inadequate amounts of key micronutrients, while the energy contribution from fats and sugars exceeded recommended levels. Improving the nutritional content and adherence to dietary guidelines is essential to address food and nutrition insecurity in vulnerable populations in Lebanon.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hande Mortas, Semra Navruz-Varli, Merve Esra Citar-Daziroglu, Saniye Bilici
Summary: The primary objective of this study was to explore the relationship between food and nutrition literacy and sustainable, healthy eating behaviors among young adults. The study found that females had higher food and nutrition literacy scores compared to males, and there were significant differences in sustainable and healthy eating behavior scores among different literacy levels. Additionally, the study revealed significant correlations between food and nutrition literacy scores and factors such as seasonal foods, avoidance of food waste, reduction in meat consumption, and education status.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lishuo Guo, Lifang Wang
Summary: Population and economic growth lead to an increase in water demand, causing water shortage and crisis in China. This study constructs a water demand model to predict future changes in water demand driven by socio-economic development. The model is validated with historical data and provides insights on peak water and the effectiveness of water policy.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tomasz Smal, Joanna Wieprow
Summary: In recent years, there have been significant fluctuations and price increases in electricity markets. Factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, rising energy costs, political instability, and increased demand for electricity have intensified these problems, leading to uncertainty in maintaining energy security. This study focuses on the economic and financial factors and aims to assess the energy security of consumers in Poland from the perspective of energy price stability and the financial condition of companies in the energy industry, considering the global energy crisis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Gabriela Souza de Oliveira, Arshad Jalal, Adrielle Rodrigues Prates, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho, Rodrigo Silva Alves, Luana Correa Silva, Raimunda Eliane Nascimento do Nascimento, Philippe Solano Toledo Silva, Orivaldo Arf, Fernando Shintate Galindo, Fernando Carvalho Oliveira, Cassio Hamilton Abreu-Junior, Arun Dilipkumar Jani, Gian Franco Capra, Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of composted sewage sludge (CSS) on micronutrient concentrations in soil and their effects on nutrition, extraction, export, and grain yield of common beans. The results showed that CSS can be used as an alternative source of micronutrients for common beans grown in winter.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Salman Sahraei, Mohammad Reza Pakravan-Charvadeh, Saeed Gholamrezai, Mehdi Rahimian
Summary: The study conducted in rural areas of Lorestan province in Iran revealed that households without children have better food security status than those with children. However, there was no significant association found between sustainability dimensions and food insecurity. The low level of agricultural sustainability in the region is attributed to the lack of macroeconomic policies, plans, actions to promote sustainability, and disregard for the target community.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Valentin Marian Antohi, Romeo Victor Ionescu, Marius Sorin Dinca, Monica Laura Zlati, Costinela Fortea
Summary: In conditions of uncertainty, social protection is crucial, requiring supportive measures for vulnerable populations and addressing their impact on social costs. These costs, included in the state budget, can lead to imbalances necessitating relevant budgetary policy measures. This study proposes the development of a social security index based on state budgets and demographic indicators to reflect the impact of necessary measures during economic and financial uncertainties. Key indicators include composite financial risk, composite labour risk, and composite social risk. The study identifies the evolution of this index and its inflection points impacting social security policy.
Article
Environmental Studies
Hilaire Drouineau, Fabien Moullec, Didier Gascuel, Francis Laloe, Sterenn Lucas, Nicolas Bez, Patrice Guillotreau, Jerome Guitton, Pierre-Yves Hernvann, Martin Huret, Sigrid Lehuta, Marc Leopold, Stephanie Mahevas, Marianne Robert, Mathieu Woillez, Youen Vermard
Summary: Since the 1980s, the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) has been criticized for its lack of protection for fishermen and ecosystems. The recent initiative led by French fishery scientists highlights the need for transparency, consultation, and urgency in the Mediterranean Sea. Scientists propose an ecosystem approach to fisheries and emphasize the importance of considering climate change in the reform of CFP.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Nigel Poole, Rajiv Sharma, Orzala A. Nemat, Richard Trenchard, Andrew Scanlon, Charles Davy, Najibeh Ataei, Jason Donovan, Alison R. Bentley
Summary: This article reviews the current status of wheat improvement in Afghanistan and proposes a research agenda to support the regeneration of Afghanistan's wheat and agricultural sector. The withdrawal of NATO allies and partner countries, along with climate instability, has led to reductions in current food production and poses challenges to food security. Short-term solutions include humanitarian intervention and support for agriculture and nutrition, while long-term interventions are needed to address recurrent challenges caused by drought and climate change and secure the livelihoods of the rural population.
PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Grace Namirembe, Robin Shrestha, Patrick Webb, Robert Houser, Dale Davis, Kedar Baral, Julieta Mezzano, Shibani Ghosh
Summary: This paper introduces an innovative metric to assess self-reported practices and perceptions of those responsible for policy implementation. The metric, known as the Nutrition Governance Index (NGI), can be used to assess countries' readiness for the application of nutrition policies. The study conducted in Nepal reveals some interesting findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashish Lamichhane, Patrick Webb, Johanna Andrews-Trevino, Ashish Pokharel, Sudikshya Acharya, Robin Shrestha, Dale Davis, Kedar Baral, Jia-Sheng Wang, Kathy Xue, Krishna Paudel, Shibani Ghosh
Summary: This study assesses the relationship between the diet of Nepali infants and the presence of Aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) in their blood at 12 months of age. The results show a high prevalence of detectable AFB(1)-lysine among infants, and suggest that certain foods in their diets may be contributing to this. Further research is needed to identify the most contaminated foods and find effective ways to minimize exposure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Grace Namirembe, Shibani Ghosh, Lynne M. Ausman, Robin Shrestha, Sonia Zaharia, Bernard Bashaasha, Nassul Kabunga, Edgar Agaba, Julieta Mezzano, Patrick Webb
Summary: Childhood stunting is a global public health burden. In this study, the growth patterns of Ugandan infants from birth to 1 year old were assessed using group-based trajectory modeling. The study found that stunting occurred before birth and four distinct growth patterns were identified. The study highlights the importance of considering individual growth patterns and different risk factors when designing nutrition interventions.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Stacy P. Griswold, Anastasia Marshak, Merry Fitzpatrick, Daniele Lantagne, Kate Shoenmakers, Marlene Hebie, Anne Radday, Hugo De Groote, Saurabh Mehta, Greg Gottlieb, Patrick Webb, Shibani Ghosh
Summary: This study aims to implement and measure the effects of a multi-level multi-sectoral social behavior change intervention in Agago District of Northern Uganda and determine its potential for scale-up. The study design utilizes a cluster-randomized controlled trial, comparing two intervention approaches (Nutrition Impact and Positive Practice vs. NIPP+) and a control group. The findings will contribute to understanding the impact of different interventions on improving farm and water quality practices.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Satvik Kishore, Tinku Thomas, Harshpal Sachdev, Anura Kurpad, Patrick Webb
Summary: The study found that increasing household income, especially through cash transfers, has the potential to significantly reduce stunting in areas of India where stunting and poverty are high. However, in other regions, additional measures need to be taken to address stunting besides increasing income.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Julieta Mezzano, Grace Namirembe, Lynne M. Ausman, Elizabeth Marino-Costello, Robin Shrestha, Juergen Erhardt, Patrick Webb, Shibani Ghosh
Summary: The study examines the relationship between maternal iron and vitamin A status at delivery and birth outcomes in rural Uganda. The findings suggest that maternal iron status is not significantly associated with birth outcomes, while there is a significant association between serum sTFR and preterm births. Higher maternal RBP levels show a positive association with length-for-age at birth.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kate Sadler, Philip T. James, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Andre Briend, Sheila Isanaka, Andrew Mertens, Mark Myatt, Kieran S. O'Brien, Patrick Webb, Tanya Khara, Jonathan C. Wells
Summary: Childhood wasting and stunting, which are common manifestations of undernutrition, are significant risk factors for illness and death. The Wasting and Stunting project aimed to explore the relationship between these two conditions and question the conventional separation in policies and programs. By adopting a wasting and stunting lens in research design and financing, the nutrition community can gain a better understanding and improve the prevention and treatment of child undernutrition. Collaboration and equal attention to different forms of malnutrition, including wasting, are necessary for progress in this field.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sanchit Makkar, Jawahar Ramasamy Manivannan, Sumathi Swaminathan, Sandra M. Travasso, Anjaly Teresa John, Patrick Webb, Anura Kurpad, Tinku Thomas
Summary: This study found that household food insecurity worsened considerably during the COVID-19 lockdown in Bihar, India. However, households that received cash transfers had lower odds of facing food insecurity once the lockdown was lifted.
Editorial Material
Agronomy
Gregory N. Sixt, Michael Hauser, Nicole Tichenor Blackstone, Alejandra Engler, Jerry Hatfield, Sheryl L. Hendriks, Samuel Ihouma, Chandra Madramootoo, Renee J. Robins, Pete Smith, Lewis H. Ziska, Patrick Webb
Summary: The complexity and interconnectivity of food systems and climate require new thinking and research designs to address real-world challenges. Coherent action across sectors and scales is central to solving these issues.
FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Balaji Srinivasan, Shibani Ghosh, Patrick Webb, Stacy P. Griswold, Kathy S. Xue, Jia-Sheng Wang, Saurabh Mehta
Summary: Exposure to dietary aflatoxins is a potential threat to child nutrition and growth. Accurately assessing the concentration of aflatoxin in blood is important for informing public health policies. This study investigates the correlation and interchangeability of capillary and venous human blood samples in quantifying aflatoxin concentration. The results show a positive correlation between the two sample types.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gloria A. Odei Obeng-Amoako, Heather Stobaugh, Stephanie Wrottesley, Tanya Khara, Paul Binns, Indi Trehan, Robert E. Black, Patrick Webb, Martha Mwangome, Jeanette Bailey, Paluku Bahwere, Carmel Dolan, Erin Boyd, Andre Briend, Mark A. Myatt, Natasha Lelijveld
Summary: This study examined the prevalence, treatment outcomes, and growth trajectories of children with WAZ <-3 versus children with WAZ >=-3 receiving outpatient treatment for wasting and/or nutritional oedema. The findings revealed that children with WAZ <-3 had lower recovery rates, higher risk of death, and likely require a higher intensity of nutritional support.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashish Pokharel, Patrick Webb, Laurie C. C. Miller, Sonia Zaharia, Robin Shrestha, Dale Davis, Johanna Andrews Trevino, Kedar Prasad Baral, Krishna Paudel, Shibani Ghosh
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the consumption of animal-sourced food (ASF) and early childhood development (ECD) outcomes at 24 months of age. The study finds a significant positive association between any ASF consumption at 18 months and the ECD score at 24 months. The study recommends promoting ASF intake in young children in Nepal through various actions and policies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sandra M. Travasso, Smitha Joseph, Sumathi Swaminathan, Anjaly Teresa John, Sanchit Makkar, Patrick Webb, Anura Kurpad, Tinku Thomas
Summary: This study aimed to assess changes in household diet diversity and food consumption in rural Bihar, India, between the pre-COVID-19 period and during the lockdown. The results showed that low diet diversity increased during the lockdown, with reduced consumption of nutrient-rich foods. Socio-economically vulnerable households, such as those with lower social status and without government support, were more likely to have low diet diversity. Therefore, sustained government support is needed to ensure diet diversity in rural communities during crises like COVID-19.
Letter
Food Science & Technology
Jennifer Clapp, Bernard Lehmann, William Moseley, Hilal Elver, Patrick Webb
Article
Food Science & Technology
Victoria Miller, Patrick Webb, Frederick Cudhea, Peilin Shi, Jianyi Zhang, Julia Reedy, Josh Erndt-Marino, Jennifer Coates, Dariush Mozaffarian
Summary: Global dietary patterns, especially among children and adolescents, are limited in quality. The overall dietary quality worldwide is modest, with variations across regions, age groups, and education levels. While diet quality has improved globally since 1990, it remains low in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Children's diet quality is lower than adults in some regions.