Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaping Shao, Zhenfa Fu, Yanfeng Wang, Zhaofei Yang, Yushan Lin, Song Li, Cheng Cheng, Min Wei, Zheyi Liu, Guowang Xu, Weidong Le
Summary: By using metabolomics and lipidomics analysis, this study investigated the effects of fasting on brain metabolism in mice. The results showed that fasting induced triacylglycerol degradation and lipolysis to meet energy demands, and led to changes in amino acid profiles that may play crucial roles in energy metabolism, neurotransmitter signaling, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses. Additionally, the study reported a significant elevation of neuroprotective lipids called N-acylethanolamines in the brain and liver during fasting. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular basis and mechanisms of calorie restriction and offer a comprehensive resource for further investigation.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice Cartoni Mancinelli, Simona Mattioli, Cornelia Twining, Alessandro Dal Bosco, Ann M. Donoghue, Komala Arsi, Elisa Angelucci, Diletta Chiattelli, Cesare Castellini
Summary: This study provides an overview of the main strategies for enriching and preserving n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products, which include dietary supplementation and improving rearing conditions. Additionally, factors such as genotype, rearing system, transport, and cooking processes can impact the content of this fatty acid in poultry products.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wade T. Johnson, Nicholas C. Dorn, Dora A. Ogbonna, Nunzio Bottini, Nisarg J. Shah
Summary: Lipids are a diverse class of molecular regulators with ubiquitous physiological roles in sustaining life. They can be used directly as structural cellular building blocks or as a substrate for generating signaling mediators to regulate cell behavior, playing a key role in immune activation and suppression.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ligang Yang, Chao Yang, Zhixiu Song, Min Wan, Hui Xia, Xian Yang, Dengfeng Xu, Da Pan, Hechun Liu, Shaokang Wang, Guiju Sun
Summary: Postprandial metabolism plays significant roles in various pathological conditions, and the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio is closely associated with physiological disorders. This study investigated the effects of high fat meals with different n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios on postprandial metabolism in normal control and hypertriglyceridemia rats. The results showed that the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio influenced the postprandial response of triglyceride, total cholesterol, tumor necrosis factor alpha, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species in both normal control and hypertriglyceridemia rats.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Azemina Bajramova, Peter Spegel
Summary: This study compares the nutritional value of the fatty acid profiles of superfruits (goji berry, white mulberry, and cranberry) and common fruits (banana, apple, and strawberry). The findings suggest that cranberries and apples have the most beneficial lipid profiles, while superfruits do not show a common and beneficial lipid profile.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Walter Currenti, Justyna Godos, Amer M. Alanazi, Giuseppe Grosso, Raffaele Ivan Cincione, Sandro La Vignera, Silvio Buscemi, Fabio Galvano
Summary: This study examined the association between specific types and subtypes of dietary fats and metabolic outcomes in Italian adults. The results suggest that higher intake of total and saturated fats may be associated with a lower likelihood of hypertension. Additionally, the intake of short-chain and medium-chain saturated fatty acids, as well as certain monounsaturated fatty acids, may be inversely associated with dyslipidemia and diabetes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuangfei Li, Boyu Wang, Liangxu Liu, Yingjie Song, Chuhan Lv, Xingyu Zhu, Yanqing Luo, Christopher H. K. Cheng, Huapu Chen, Xuewei Yang, Tao Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that adding Aurantiochytrium sp. to diets can significantly improve the growth performance and immune response of Trachinotus ovatus. With increased microalgae content, the growth rate and feed utilization efficiency of fish were enhanced, along with increased fatty acid content in blood and tissues, resulting in improved immunity and disease resistance in fish.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Doyeon Kim, Chang Won Won, Yongsoon Park
Summary: This study found a significant association between lower erythrocyte levels of long-chain n-3 PUFA and frailty and frailty criterion, suggesting that lower n-3 PUFA could be a marker for the risk of frailty.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Emanuel E. Canfora, Gerben D. A. Hermes, Mattea Mueller, Jacco Bastings, Elaine E. Vaughan, Marco A. van den Berg, Jens J. Holst, Koen Venema, Erwin G. Zoetendal, Ellen E. Blaak
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of acetate infusion on metabolic health and explore the influence of different fiber mixtures on acetate production. The results showed that acetate production could improve metabolic parameters and blood glucose levels in lean individuals. However, the effect of acetate production on metabolic parameters was not significant in prediabetic individuals. Additionally, the fiber mixtures had individual-specific effects on fecal microbiota composition.
Article
Cell Biology
Ruoyu Zhou, Yan Huang, Xu Feng, Rui Zhou, Liwen Wang, Genqing Xie, Yuan Xiao, Haiyan Zhou
Summary: We found that the decreased expression of YB-1 in the BAT of aged mice is due to the reduction of the microbial metabolite butyrate. Overexpression of YB-1 in the BAT of aged mice can promote BAT thermogenesis and alleviate diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Additionally, we discovered that the natural compound Sciadopitysin can enhance YB-1 protein stability and nuclear translocation, improving BAT aging and metabolic disorders.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julian Schwaerzler, Lisa Mayr, Arnau Vich Vila, Felix Grabherr, Lukas Niederreiter, Maureen Philipp, Christoph Grander, Moritz Meyer, Almina Jukic, Simone Troeger, Barbara Enrich, Nicole Przysiecki, Markus Tschurtschenthaler, Felix Sommer, Irmgard Kronberger, Jakob Koch, Richard Hilbe, Michael W. Hess, Georg Oberhuber, Susanne Sprung, Qitao Ran, Robert Koch, Maria Effenberger, Nicole C. Kaneider, Verena Wieser, Markus A. Keller, Rinse K. Weersma, Konrad Aden, Philip Rosenstiel, Richard S. Blumberg, Arthur Kaser, Herbert Tilg, Timon E. Adolph
Summary: This study provides evidence that excessive intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in a Western diet can induce gut inflammation and worsen the course of Crohn's disease (CD). The findings suggest a potential role for targeted nutritional therapy.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karla MacDonald-Ramos, Alejandra Martinez-Ibarra, Adriana Monroy, Juan Miranda-Rios, Marco Cerbon
Summary: Dietary fatty acids play crucial roles in metabolic diseases and inflammation, with diverse effects on miRNA expression. Recent studies have shown that high fat ketogenic diets do not increase saturated fat content in the serum and are not associated with increased inflammation. Further research is needed to explore the complex interactions and potential therapeutic applications of DFAs.
Article
Microbiology
Kitty Reemst, Sebastian Tims, Kit-Yi Yam, Mona Mischke, Jan Knol, Stanley Brul, Lidewij Schipper, Aniko Korosi
Summary: Early-life stress and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids have an impact on the gut microbiota, which is related to cognitive, metabolic, and fatty acid profiles.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Maria A. Lankinen, Vanessa D. de Mello, Topi Meuronen, Taisa Sallinen, Jyrki Agren, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Markku Laakso, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Ursula Schwab
Summary: The study demonstrates that the FADS1 genotype modifies the response to high PUFA diets, especially to high-LA diet. Considering FADS variation in personalized dietary counseling may be beneficial for individuals.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takeshi Harayama
Summary: Cellular lipids have diverse chemical structures that impact their physicochemical properties, membrane functions, and protein regulation. This review focuses on the additional roles of lipid structures. Studies show that structural differences influence the metabolic conversion of lipids, even within the same class. This metabolic bias is implicated in the accumulation of basic cellular lipid compositions and genetic predisposition to diseases. Guiding metabolic biases is an important function of lipid structures, which is challenging to study using in vitro biochemical reconstitutions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camilla T. Damsgaard, Stine Vuholm, Marie N. Teisen, Ken D. Stark, Lotte Lauritzen
Summary: This study investigated the association between FADS gene polymorphisms and blood lipids, insulin, and glucose levels, as well as the potential modifying effects of PPARG2 genotype on n-3 LCPUFA. The findings suggest that FADS genotypes may beneficially affect children's cardiometabolic profile in a partly APOE-dependent manner. Additionally, the degree to which children benefit from higher n-3 LCPUFA intake may depend on their PPARG2 genotype.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lenie van Rossem, Henriette A. Smit, Martine Armand, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Hans Bisgaard, Klaus Bonnelykke, Signe Bruun, Barbara Heude, Steffen Husby, Henriette B. Kyhl, Kim F. Michaelsen, Ken D. Stark, Carel Thijs, Rebecca K. Vinding, Alet H. Wijga, Lotte Lauritzen
Summary: In this meta-analysis of seven European birth cohorts, no evidence was found to support the association between breast milk n-3 LC PUFAs and blood pressure in children.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Renate D. Laumann, Turid Iversen, Pernille R. Mogensen, Lotte Lauritzen, Christian Molgaard, Thomas L. Frandsen
Summary: Hyperlipidemia is common during childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment and may lead to serious complications. The study suggests that fish oil supplementation could potentially lower triglycerides and total cholesterol levels in these patients, with further research needed to confirm these findings and assess the impact on adverse events.
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bjorn Lundbergh, Ann Sofi Enevoldsen, Ken D. Stark, Christian Ritz, Lotte Lauritzen
Summary: This study found that fish oil may improve attention and working memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and ameliorate ADHD symptoms in those with comorbid ADHD, but did not show any effects on ASD symptoms. Compliance with fish oil supplementation correlated with whole-blood n-3LCPUFA levels and led to improvements in cognitive functions.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
R. D. Laumann, T. Iversen, T. L. Frandsen, C. Molgaard, K. D. Stark, K. Schmiegelow, L. Lauritzen
Summary: Long-chain n-3 fatty acids may prevent chemotherapy-induced hyperlipidemia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Compliance and intake-biomarker correlations are affected by bodyweight and blood transfusions. Relative blood content of n-3 LCPUFA reflects fish oil compliance in children with ALL, regardless of blood transfusions and differences in bodyweight.
PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hanne Pedersen, Kristine Beaulieu, Graham Finlayson, Kristine Faerch, Marit Eika Jorgensen, Jack Ivor Lewis, Mads Vendelbo Lind, Lotte Lauritzen, Jonas Salling Quist
Summary: The food availability and dietary behaviors in Greenland have changed with Westernization. This study aimed to explore the differences in food reward between a traditional Inuit diet and a Westernized diet in Inuit populations. The results showed that both groups had lower implicit wanting for sweet and high-fat foods, but the traditional Inuit diet group had higher implicit wanting for high-fat sweet foods.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marie T. B. Madsen, Anja P. Biltoft-Jensen, Ellen Trolle, Lotte Lauritzen, Kim F. Michaelsen, Camilla T. Damsgaard
Summary: This study investigated the intake of wholegrain and dietary fibre in Danish infants and toddlers and explored their associations with growth and metabolic health. The results showed that Danish infants and toddlers have high intake of wholegrain and dietary fibre, with no compromise in growth. Consistent with studies in adults, wholegrain intake was inversely associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Suzanne Vogelezang, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Struan F. A. Grant, Janine F. Felix, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
Summary: This study found associations between head circumference and intelligence, and highlighted the significant overlap of biological processes between early-life and adult head circumference. It also revealed the genetic correlations of early-life head circumference with intracranial volume, years of schooling, childhood and adult intelligence.
BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuan Ren, Sofus Christian Larsen, Lotte Lauritzen, Nanna Julie Olsen, Jeanett Friis Rohde, Ina Olmer Specht, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between intake of marine animal fat and body mass index (BMI) and body fat in 2 to 6-year-old Danish children, as well as the impact of different types of fatty acids. The results showed that marine fat intake and fat composition have little or no effect on weight and adiposity development among preschool-aged children.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lars Christensen, Mads F. F. Hjorth, Lukasz Krych, Tine Rask Licht, Lotte Lauritzen, Faidon Magkos, Henrik M. M. Roager
Summary: This study found a relationship between baseline Prevotella abundance and AMY1 copy number with body fat loss after wholegrain consumption. There was a positive correlation between baseline Prevotella abundance and fat loss in individuals with low AMY1 copy number, but no correlation in those with high AMY1 copy number.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jos Boekhorst, Naomi Venlet, Nicola Prochazkova, Mathias L. Hansen, Christian B. Lieberoth, Martin I. Bahl, Lotte Lauritzen, Oluf Pedersen, Tine Rask Licht, Michiel Kleerebezem, Henrik M. Roager
Summary: This study investigates the association between energy extraction from the diet and intestinal transit time and microbial community structure in overweight adults. Contrary to expectations, individuals with longer intestinal transit time extracted more energy from their diet. Different enterotypes were also associated with variations in energy extraction, with individuals in the Ruminococcaceae enterotype having higher energy extraction than those in the Bacteroides enterotype.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicola Prochazkova, Naomi Venlet, Mathias L. Hansen, Christian B. Lieberoth, Lars Ove Dragsted, Martin Bahl, Tine Rask Licht, Michiel Kleerebezem, Lotte Lauritzen, Henrik M. Roager
Summary: This study investigated the effects of whole-grain and refined-grain diets on gut fermentation and bowel function. The results showed that compared to the refined-grain diet, the whole-grain diet increased the levels of butyrate and caproate in feces, as well as stool frequency. The study also found that changes in gut microbiome were associated with fecal pH and colonic transit time.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sanne Sigh, Lotte Lauritzen, Frank T. Wieringa, Arnaud Laillou, Chhoun Chamnan, Ken D. Stark, Nanna Roos
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the change in whole-blood PUFA levels and nutrition and health markers among Cambodian children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) after treatment with ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs). Results showed that RUTFs with fish-based ingredients had higher levels of n-3 PUFA, AA, and DHA, while milk-based RUTFs had higher levels of n-6 PUFA. The study found that the currently recommended composition of RUTFs may not be able to correct the compromised essential fatty acid status of children with SAM. Rating: 8/10
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lotte Lauritzen, Emilie R. Hegelund, Sara E. Eriksen, Janni Niclasen, Kim F. Michaelsen
Summary: This study investigated the potential impact of fish oil supplementation during lactation on socioemotional wellbeing in adolescents, and found no significant gender differences. Although the study was small in scale, it was the first follow-up study on the effects of perinatal n-3LCPUFA supply on socioemotional wellbeing in adolescence.
PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuan Ren, Sofus Christian Larsen, Lotte Lauritzen, Jeanett Friis Rohde, Lars Bo Andersen, Anna Bugge, Britt Wang Jensen, Ina Olmer Specht, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
Summary: This study found no significant associations between fat intake and weight or body fat development in school-aged children, suggesting that fat composition in the diet may not play a major role in obesity development.