Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kazuaki Yoshinaga, Haruna Ishikawa, Fumiaki Beppu, Naohiro Gotoh
Summary: The study found that dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids can pass through the blood-brain barrier and reach the brain, but most of them are stored in the brain instead of being converted into other forms.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Joseph T. Long, Jan Lammerding
Summary: Recent studies show that progressive nuclear deformation associated with cellular confinement triggers intracellular events promoting cell contractility and migration, indicating the nucleus plays a central role as a mechanosensor.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ahmad Mobed, Fereshteh Kohansal, Ali Ahmadalipour, Mohammad Hasanzadeh, Flor Zargari
Summary: This study developed an immunosensor for detecting endocannabinoids 2-AG in human plasma samples, which can accurately determine the concentration of 2-AG in different ranges through monitoring the antigen in an immunoreaction process.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zhubiao Ye, Jianru Chen, Pengran Du, Qingrong Ni, Baizhang Li, Zhe Zhang, Qi Wang, Tingting Cui, Xiuli Yi, Chunying Li, Shuli Li
Summary: This study aimed to determine the differences in specific fatty acids between vitiligo patients and healthy individuals and to investigate their association with clinical features. The results showed that the serological level of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) was increased in vitiligo patients, while the levels of arachidonic acid (ARA), arachidic acid (AA), and behenic acid were decreased. ALA levels were positively associated with the vitiligo area scoring index (VASI). Supplementation with ARA or nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) could suppress the function of CD8(+) T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Kristina Wendel, Helle Cecilie Viekilde Pfeiffer, Drude Merete Fugelseth, Eirik Nestaas, Magnus Domelloef, Bjorn Steen Skalhegg, Katja Benedikte Presto Elgstoen, Helge Rootwelt, Rolf Dagfinn Pettersen, Are Hugo Pripp, Tom Stiris, Sissel J. Moltu
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of early supply of ARA and DHA on brain maturation and neonatal outcomes in infants born before 29 weeks of gestation. Infants will receive a fatty acid supplement from the second day of life to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age, with the primary outcome being brain maturation assessed by MRI.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katleen Pinchaud, Zeeshan Hafeez, Sandrine Auger, Jean-Marc Chatel, Sead Chadi, Philippe Langella, Justine Paoli, Annie Dary-Mourot, Katy Maguin-Gate, Jean Luc Olivier
Summary: The study found that dietary arachidonic acid can alter gut microbiota, induce low-grade colic inflammation, and cause astrogliosis in the brain.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefano Turolo, Alberto Edefonti, Alessandra Mazzocchi, Marie Louise Syren, William Morello, Carlo Agostoni, Giovanni Montini
Summary: Research on the role of arachidonic acid and its metabolites in kidney disease, particularly idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, is limited. These substances play a significant role in various biological processes related to kidney function, inflammation, and fibrosis. Dietary interventions to maintain balance between arachidonic acid and linoleic acid could potentially help mitigate inflammatory states seen in kidney diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kaylee Hahn, Joseph R. Hardimon, Doug Caskey, Douglas A. Jost, Patrick J. Roady, J. Thomas Brenna, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: The study found that the use of sodium and potassium salts of arachidonic acid was bioequivalent to triglyceride form in terms of ARA accretion in the brain and retinal tissue of young pigs. The experimental diets did not significantly affect growth performance, liver histology, or hematological outcomes compared to the control diet.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Belete, Benjamin M. Jacobs, Cristina Simonet, Jonathan P. Bestwick, Sheena Waters, Charles R. Marshall, Ruth Dobson, Alastair J. Noyce
Summary: Recent studies have shown a link between epilepsy and Parkinson's disease, but the role of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) has not been studied. This research investigated the association between AEDs and incident PD and found evidence of a connection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Felipe Malacarne, Justus Bezzenberger, Melina Lopez, Timothy Warwick, Niklas Mueller, Ralf P. Brandes, Flavia Rezende
Summary: In this study, it was found that there is crosstalk between EETs and prostaglandins in the vascular system, and the lack of EET production sensitizes vessels to vasoconstriction. These findings have important implications for understanding vascular function and the development of related diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Filippo Egalini, Ornella Guardamagna, Giulia Gaggero, Emanuele Varaldo, Beatrice Giannone, Guglielmo Beccuti, Andrea Benso, Fabio Broglio
Summary: Massive changes in diet have led to an imbalance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, mainly due to the increased consumption of omega-6-rich vegetable oils and depletion of omega-3 in our food. Previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding the effects of omega-3 and omega-6 on glucose metabolism, with factors such as source of omega-3, sample size, ethnicity, study duration, and food cooking method playing a role. A high EPA/AA ratio appears to be a promising indicator of better glycemic control and reduced inflammation, while linoleic acid may also be associated with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Pan Huang
Summary: Arachidonic Acid (AA) is the precursor of cerebrovascular active substances in the human body, and its metabolites are closely associated with the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular diseases. In recent years, the cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolic pathway of AA has become a research hotspot, which is regulated by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU) is a novel sEH inhibitor that exerts cerebrovascular protective activity. This article reviews the mechanism of TPPU's protective effect on ischemic stroke disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hisanori Tokuda, Chika Horikawa, Yukiko Nishita, Akinori Nakamura, Takashi Kato, Yoshihisa Kaneda, Hidenori Obata, Tomohiro Rogi, Masaaki Nakai, Hiroshi Shimokata, Rei Otsuka
Summary: This study investigated the association between the intake of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid (ARA) and brain atrophy in non-demented older Japanese individuals. The results suggest that higher ARA intake is associated with a smaller decrease in frontal cortex volumes and a lower risk of cognitive decline. Additionally, in the subgroup with low DHA and EPA intake, DHA and EPA intake were positively correlated with the preservation of temporal cortex volume.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianyang Chen, Wangting Song, Yige Song, Hongli Cao, Xiao Xu, Shujia Li, Yanmin Fu, Teng Xue, Chunguang Ding, Feng Lin, Yuan Shi, Jiujun Li
Summary: In this study, continuous intake of Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil (ASO) for 30 days was found to reduce brain damage and improve cognitive ability in rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Lipidomic analysis showed that HIE rats had decreased unsaturated fatty acids and increased lysophospholipids in the brain, while ASO treatment increased phospholipids, plasmalogens, and unsaturated fatty acids, and decreased lysophospholipids and oxidized glycerophospholipids in both serum and the brain. Enrichment analysis revealed that ASO intake mainly affected sphingolipid metabolism, fat digestion and absorption, glycerolipid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways. Cognitive improvement after ASO administration was attributed to increased essential phospholipids and omega 3/6/9 fatty acids, coupled with decreased oxidized glycerophospholipids in HIE rats. These findings suggest that ASO has the potential to be developed as an effective food supplement for newborns with ischemic hypoxia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Svetlana Vasilieva, Alexandr Lukyanov, Christina Antipova, Timofei Grigoriev, Elena Lobakova, Olga Chivkunova, Pavel Scherbakov, Petr Zaytsev, Olga Gorelova, Tatiana Fedorenko, Dmitry Kochkin, Alexei Solovchenko
Summary: Pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics, are hazardous micropollutants in the environment. Microalgae-based biotechnologies, particularly the use of immobilized microalgae, show promise in removing these pollutants. This study compares the removal of the antibiotic ceftriaxone by suspended and chitosan-immobilized cells of Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047. Results show high removal rates of ceftriaxone, with the adsorption on the carrier and abiotic oxidation as the main removal processes. Immobilized cells were found to have no effect on the accumulation of arachidonic acid by Lobosphaera sp., but nitrogen deprivation increased its accumulation. The study also discusses the use of chitosan-immobilized Lobosphaera sp. for HMP removal and the production of valuable fatty acids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)