期刊
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
卷 17, 期 4, 页码 2651-2659出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05149a
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资金
- ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche)
- CGI (Commissariat a I'Investissement d'Avenir)
Nucleation and growth of zirconium-oxo-alkoxy (ZOA) nanoparticles were studied in a sol-gel process in n-propanol solution at a hydrolysis ratio H between 1.0 and 2.7 and zirconium-n-propoxyde precursor concentrations between 0.10 and 0.15 mol l(-1). The chemical transformations were conducted in quasi-perfect micromixing conditions (Damkohler number Da <= 1) and the nanoparticle size evolution was monitored in situ with the light scattering method. The size of primary nanoparticles (nuclei) 2R(0) = 3.6 nm was found to be almost independent of the preparation conditions. A remarkable similarity with the titanium-oxo-alkoxy (TOA) nanoparticles was observed. In particular, both systems show the induction stage of the sol-gel growth for a hydrolysis ratio H > 2.0 and stable oxometallate units for H <= 2.0. However in contrast to TOA, no stable hierarchical ZOA units (clusters) with R-0 >= R >= 1.0 nm were observed, which makes this system less stable against aggregation, leading to polydispersed nanoparticles.
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