Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rongbin Hou, Qingzhe Cui, Hanhan Wu, Yanke Shi
Summary: A series of creep tests were conducted on sandstone specimens with different pre-peak instantaneous damage characteristics under varying confining pressures. The results showed that creep stress played a crucial role in the occurrence of creep stages, with the steady-state creep rate increasing exponentially with higher creep stress. Moreover, higher instantaneous damage resulted in faster creep failure and lower creep failure stress under the same confining pressure. The strain threshold for accelerating creep was the same for pre-peak damaged rock specimens at a given confining pressure, but increased with increasing confining pressure. The long-term strength was found to decrease gradually with increasing pre-peak instantaneous damage under lower confining pressures, although it had minimal effect under higher confining pressures. Fracture morphology analysis via scanning electron microscopy revealed different macro-micro-failure modes depending on the confining pressures, with shear-dominated failure under high confining pressures and mixed shear-tensile failure under low confining pressures. At the microscale, the sandstone exhibited a transition from single brittle fracture to mixed brittle and ductile fracture mode as the confining pressure increased.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Miao He, Yang Yang, Fei Gao, Yue Fan
Summary: This study investigates the production of extended and mechanically highly consequential defects under concurrent driving forces of irradiation and stress. By using a two-temperature model and controlling mechanical loading, stress sensitivity maps for various types of irradiated dislocations are built. The mechanisms responsible for different responses/sensitivities are elucidated through tracking microstructural evolutions and scrutinizing the temporal-spatial variation of local von Mises stresses.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Wei, Zhushan Shao, Wenwen Chen, Rujia Qiao, Yuan Yuan, Junxi Cheng
Summary: Microwave processing is an effective technique for improving the mechanical breakage of rocks and rock minerals. This study investigated the heating process of different materials and their effects on crack propagation, interfacial debonding, and failure mode under microwave irradiation. Additionally, theoretical analysis and simulations were conducted to understand the microwave-induced degradation of hard rocks.
GEOMECHANICS AND GEOPHYSICS FOR GEO-ENERGY AND GEO-RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophia Katz, Sarit Avrani, Meitar Yavneh, Sabrin Hilau, Jonathan Gross, Ruth Hershberg
Summary: The study reveals that E. coli continuously adapts genetically through the accumulation of mutations during the first three years spent under LISP. The convergent pattern of mutation accumulation reflects the adaptive nature of mutations under LISP. Differences in mutation rates among clones can influence the dynamics of adaptation and associated deleterious burdens.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pan Luo, Xue-Yin Sun, Yang Li, Li Yang, Wen-Zhu Shao, Liang Zhen, Cheng-Yan Xu
Summary: The study revealed the relationship between structural damage and performance degradation of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells under different proton irradiation fluences. It was also found that partial amorphization caused by the degradation of organic groups at higher proton fluences can significantly affect the performance of solar cells.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Mining & Mineral Processing
Jinjing Zuo, Renshu Yang, Min Gong, Xinmin Ma, Yanbing Wang
Summary: This study conducted a blasting experiment on iron ore samples and analyzed the resulting fracture characteristics. The decoupling coefficient was found to significantly affect the fracture modes and degree of damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Yiwen Liu, Yabin Zhu, Tielong Shen, Jianlong Chai, Lijuan Niu, Shufen Li, Peng Jin, Hai Zheng, Zhiguang Wang
Summary: The dense Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic composite prepared by spark plasma sintering was irradiated by 500 keV He ions, leading to the formation of ribbon-like helium bubbles and microcracks. While evident structural changes were observed, full amorphization was not achieved at high ion fluence. The degradation of mechanical properties in the irradiated composite is mainly attributed to the formation of ribbon-like bubbles and microcracks.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guan-Hong Wang, Jessica Dittmer, Brecia Douglas, Long Huang, Robert M. Brucker
Summary: Researchers exposed parasitoid wasps to the herbicide atrazine for multiple generations and found that atrazine exposure led to adaptive changes in the microbiome and host genome, as well as alterations in gene expression and immune response. Microbiome transplant experiments showed that the evolved microbiome of the atrazine-exposed population decreased survival rates of adult wasps from the control population, indicating xenobiotic-induced selection mediated host-microbiome coadaptation, leading to a new host genome-microbiome equilibrium.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hyosim Kim, Jonathan G. Gigax, Shigeharu Ukai, Frank A. Garner, Lin Shao
Summary: The study indicates that dispersoid evolution is significantly different in the ferrite and tempered martensite phases, with a significant increase in dispersoid density in the ferrite phase and only a small change in density in the tempered martensite phase.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
L. Malerba, N. Anento, J. P. Balbuena, C. S. Becquart, N. Castin, M. J. Caturla, C. Domain, C. Guerrero, C. J. Ortiz, B. Pannier, A. Serra
Summary: This paper summarizes the main mechanisms that drive microstructure evolution in Fe alloys under irradiation, compiling parameters to describe the mobility and stability of point defects. It selects a set of parameters ready for use in microstructure evolution models based on object kinetic Monte Carlo methods, while also identifying parameters that are needed but currently unknown, prompting future calculations.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yu F. Ivanov, A. M. Glezer, R. Kuznetsov, V. E. Gromov, Yu A. Shliarova, A. P. Semin, R. Sundeev
Summary: The study reveals quantitative transformations of structure in the fillet head of lengthy differentially quenched rails after severe plastic deformation using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at micro- and nanoscale levels. The formation of specific subgrain structure and cementite particles in the surface layers of rails after long-term service is demonstrated.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pui-Wai Ma, Daniel R. Mason, Steven Van Boxel, Sergei L. Dudarev
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzes the dynamic recombination of defects in the grain boundary region of nanocrystalline tungsten, which is responsible for the material's superior radiation resistance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoyu Ding, Jiahui Fang, Qiu Xu, Panpan Zhang, Haojie Zhang, Laima Luo, Yucheng Wu, Jianhua Yao
Summary: Carbide-doped materials W-1wt%TiC and W-1wt%ZrC were prepared using a combination of wet chemical method and spark plasma sintering. The microstructural evolution of these materials under He+ irradiation was investigated by TEM. It was found that W-1wt%TiC had higher dislocation loop number density but smaller average loop size compared to W-1wt%ZrC. Both materials exhibited higher radiation resistance to He+ than pure W, with no observable helium bubbles. He+ pre-irradiation increased the D-2 retention of W-1wt%TiC and W-1wt%ZrC.
Article
Mechanics
Mohammad M. Karimi, Ehsan Ahmadi Dehaghi, Ali Behnood
Summary: This study quantified the fracture properties of asphalt mixes under varying degrees of moisture and freeze-thaw damages. The results showed that the area under the curve of the fracture property versus service time can serve as an indicator of the overall fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures. The proposed approach can effectively assess the long-term fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures under different environmental conditions and damage evolution rates over service time.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuying Tu, Yongli Zhang, Yubin Dong, Yulin Ma
Summary: Microwave radiation and stress loading were used to evaluate the structural coal seepage. The results showed that higher microwave radiation power led to higher temperature and permeability of coal samples. Effective stress was also found to be important for permeability. The study provides a new technological method for CBM exploitation and a new research direction for unconventional natural gas energy output.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Leifeng Zhang, Bertrand Radiguet, Patrick Todeschini, Christophe Domain, Yang Shen, Philippe Pareige
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. J. Konstantinovic, L. Malerba
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Frank Bergner, Mercedes Hernandez-Mayoral, Cornelia Heintze, Milan J. Konstantinovic, Lorenzo Malerba, Cristelle Pareige
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Sergey Smolentsev, Gandolfo Alessandro Spagnuolo, Arkady Serikov, Jens Juul Rasmussen, Anders H. Nielsen, Volker Naulin, Jaime Marian, Matti Coleman, Lorenzo Malerba
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Gomez-Ferrer, C. Dethloff, E. Gaganidze, L. Malerba, C. Hatzoglou, C. Pareige
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Pascuet, G. Bonny, G. Monnet, L. Malerba
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. Castin, G. Bonny, A. Bakaev, F. Bergner, C. Domain, J. M. Hyde, L. Messina, B. Radiguet, L. Malerba
MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. Toijer, L. Messina, C. Domain, J. Vidal, C. S. Becquart, P. Olsson
Summary: This study investigates radiation-induced segregation in face centered cubic Ni-X dilute binary alloys, examining the tendencies and effects of solutes during migration. The results show different segregation behaviors of solutes during radiation-induced migration, providing important insights into the kinetic properties of materials.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. J. Lloyd, A. J. London, J. C. Haley, M. R. Gilbert, C. S. Becquart, C. Domain, E. Martinez, M. P. Moody, P. A. J. Bagot, D. Nguyen-Manh, D. E. J. Armstrong
Summary: In this study, single crystal and polycrystalline tungsten samples irradiated at high temperature were characterized using Atom Probe Tomography and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. The results showed the formation of Re and Os rich precipitates under neutron irradiation and observed new physical phenomena.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lorenzo Malerba, Abderrahim Al Mazouzi, Marjorie Bertolus, Marco Cologna, Pal Efsing, Adrian Jianu, Petri Kinnunen, Karl-Fredrik Nilsson, Madalina Rabung, Mariano Tarantino
Summary: Nuclear energy is the main low-carbon electricity source in Europe, with a focus on developing next generation nuclear systems. Materials and material science play a crucial role in achieving safer, more efficient, more economical, and more sustainable nuclear energy. The paper proposes a research agenda that combines digital technologies with materials science practices to promote innovation and balance various nuclear energy interests.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alecsandre Sauve-Lacoursiere, Simon Gelin, Gilles Adjanor, Christophe Domain, Normand Mousseau
Summary: Traditionally, the diffusion rates of point defects are believed to be mainly influenced by energy barriers. However, in disordered environments, the entropic variations between local minima and activated states become increasingly important. The unexpectedly slower defect diffusion observed in high entropy alloys has prompted researchers to revisit the role of pre-factors.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. J. Zinkle, R. E. Stoller
Summary: It is well known that the surviving defect fraction in metals varies from -1 to -0.3 in relation to the calculated Norgett-Robinson Torrens (NRT) displacements per atom (dpa), depending on the type of irradiation. Recently, the concept of athermal recombination corrected dpa (ARC-DPA) has been introduced to describe the correlated defect recombination occurring after the creation of a primary knock-on atom (PKA). However, at elevated temperatures, additional thermally-stimulated correlated defect recombination processes also need to be considered. Therefore, it is important to include this temperature-dependent correlated defect recombination in radiation effects models for materials operating above room temperature. Experimental data and MD simulations have been analyzed to extract the surviving defect fraction following thermally-activated correlated recombination as a function of PKA energy, providing insights for defect production parameters under different irradiation conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra M. Goryaeva, Christophe Domain, Alain Chartier, Alexandre Dezaphie, Thomas D. Swinburne, Kan Ma, Marie Loyer-Prost, Jerome Creuze, Mihai-Cosmin Marinica
Summary: It has been commonly believed that defects in face-centred cubic metals form larger dislocation loops through the coalescence of interstitial dumbbells. However, this study reveals that interstitial atoms in these metals actually cluster into compact 3D inclusions of A15 Frank-Kasper phase before forming dislocation loops. These A15 nano-phase inclusions then act as a source for prismatic or faulted dislocation loops. This discovery provides a better understanding of the complex mechanisms behind interstitial defect formation in metals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. J. Konstantinovic, A. Ulbricht, T. Brodziansky, N. Castin, L. Malerba
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2020)
Review
Nuclear Science & Technology
Lorenzo Malerba, Pietro Agostini, Marjorie Bertolus, Fabienne Delage, Annelise Gallais-During, Christian Grisolia, Karine Liger, Pierre-Francois Giroux
EPJ NUCLEAR SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGIES
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liuming Wei, Jingwen Li, Yonggang Li, Qirong Zheng, Fan Cheng, Chuanguo Zhang, Jingyu Li, Gaofeng Zhao, Zhi Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the influence of He-V complexes on H behaviors on different W surfaces using DFT calculations. The results show that H dissolution is most difficult but H trapping is easiest on the W (110) surface, while the opposite is true on the W (111) surface. Moreover, the presence of He-V complexes increases the difficulty of H diffusion from bulk to surface and desorption.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Meng, Song Zeng, Chen Chen, Chaowen Zhu, Huahai Shen, Xiaosong Zhou, Xiaochun Han
Summary: The characteristics of magnetron sputtered Cr coatings vary with different temperature, bias voltage, and pressure. Coatings with random orientation, good crystallinity, and small grain size exhibit favorable oxidation behavior, while coatings with strong (200) texture, poor crystallinity, and large grains have many intrinsic defects that are detrimental to the protection property of the Cr coatings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyuan Xu, Zefeng Yu, Wei-Ying Chen, Aiping Chen, Arthur Motta, Xing Wang
Summary: This study presents an automated approach for characterizing grain morphology in TEM images recorded during ion irradiation. By combining a machine learning model and a computer vision algorithm, comparable results to human analysis can be achieved with significantly reduced analysis time. Researchers can train their own models following the procedures described in this study to automate grain morphology analysis of their own TEM images.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shihao Wu, Dong Wang, Yapei Zhang, Koji Okamoto, Marco Pellegrini, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, G. H. Su
Summary: The oxidation and degradation mechanisms of Cr coating on Zr alloy cladding under high temperature steam atmosphere are summarized, and a mathematical analysis model is established to predict the changes in coating thickness. The model is applied in the analysis of structure evolution under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Diaz-Mena, J. de Prado, M. Roldan, I. Izaguirre, M. Sanchez, M. Rieth, A. Urena
Summary: The brazeability of a cupronickel alloy was evaluated as a filler alloy for high-temperature joining of tungsten to steel. The study investigated the brazing conditions and the impact of the selected filler on the joint quality using numerical software. The results showed different metallurgical interactions and diffusion phenomena between the filler alloy and the base materials at different temperatures. The study emphasized the importance of selecting a suitable filler to mitigate residual stresses in the joints.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengcheng Zhu, Yajie Zhao, Yan-Ru Lin, Jean Henry, Steven J. Zinkle
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heavy-ion irradiation on radiation hardening in high-purity binary alloy Fe18Cr. Nanoindentation testing and high-quality TEM imaging were conducted to extract hardness and microstructure information. The strength factor was accurately calculated based on the detailed TEM characterization of irradiated microstructures, and a refined hardening superposition method was applied to quantify the mechanical properties of ion-irradiated materials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bin Wu, Haixia Ning, Hanzhen Zhu, Jianjun Chen, Kang Wang, Daiyu Zhang, Fu Wang, Qilong Liao
Summary: This study discusses the effects of ZrO2 and B2O3 on the phase composition and properties of SAP-based glass-ceramics. The results show that ZrO2 addition improves the formation of NZP phase while restricting the crystallization of AlPO4 phases. The correct ratios of ZrO2 and B2O3 allow only the formation of NZP phase within the SAP glass.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hwasung Yeom, Greg Johnson, Benjamin Maier, Tyler Dabney, Kumar Sridharan
Summary: Cr-Nb bilayer coatings were developed using cold spray deposition to improve the limiting operational temperature of Cr-coated Zr-alloy system. The coatings exhibited outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures and formed continuous intermetallic compound layers at the interfaces.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Padhraic L. Mulligan, Andrew T. Nelson, Chad M. Parish, Patrick A. Champlin, Xiang Chen, Daniel Morrall, Jason M. Harp
Summary: Environmental barrier coatings are being developed to reduce oxidation and embrittlement in Zr-based materials. Chromium nitride is a candidate for this application, but understanding its impact on irradiation-induced creep and microstructure is critical.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dexuan Yan, Xinlei Cao, Ke Shen
Summary: This study investigated the purification mechanism of polycrystalline graphite by comparing IG-11 graphite with IG-110 nuclear grade graphite. The analysis revealed that metallic impurities in IG-11 were primarily segregated within graphite porosities, while IG-110 demonstrated a significant reduction in impurities. This research contributes to the development of innovative graphite purification techniques for greater purity and stronger oxidation resistance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Xu, Wei Peng, Lei Shi, Qi Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the oxidation and shape evolution of matrix graphite in high temperature gas-cooled reactors during air-ingress accidents. A reaction kinetics model is established and computational fluid dynamics with a dynamic mesh method is used to simulate the oxidation process. The results show that the geometric shape of graphite changes significantly with increasing flow rate, and the graphite pebbles tend to form a structure with a narrow front and wide tail.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Allison Harward, Casey Elliott, Michael Shaltry, Krista Carlson, Tae-Sic Yoo, Guy Fredrickson, Michael Patterson, Michael F. Simpson
Summary: This paper investigates the hygroscopic properties of eutectic LiCl-KCl absorbed into zeolite-4A. The study finds that water absorption and corrosion worsen with increasing salt loading. It also suggests that the salt can be stored in a non-inert atmosphere for a certain period of time.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takaaki Koyanagi, Xunxiang Hu, Christian M. Petrie, Gyanender Singh, Caen Ang, Christian P. Deck, Weon-Ju Kim, Daejong Kim, James Braun, Yutai Katoh
Summary: This study provides critical experimental data on the effects of irradiation on the hermeticity of SiC composite cladding, finding that irradiation can cause a decrease in hermeticity and cracking, and coating the outer surface can mitigate the cracking issue.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Krat, A. Prishvitsyn, Yu. Gasparyan
Summary: This study proposes a probabilistic and diffusion-based model to describe the co-deposition of multiple hydrogen isotopes with slowly grown metal layers. The model calculates the relative concentrations of different hydrogen isotopes in the co-deposited metal layers. It is found that if hydrogen isotopes have different detrapping energies, only the isotope with the highest detrapping energy shows a monotonic decrease in concentration with deposition temperature. Furthermore, the study evaluates the uncertainty of tritium concentration in the co-deposited layer based on the uncertainty in detrapping energy of tritium and deuterium, predicting a >10% tritium concentration uncertainty for a 0.01 eV difference.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tijo Vazhappilly, Arup Kumar Pathak
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Ce atom substitution in UO2 on its thermophysical properties using density functional theory. The results show that the Ce substitution levels and the oxidation state of Ce/U atoms strongly influence the band structure and specific heat capacity of the UO2 lattice. These findings provide important insights into the fuel properties of UO2 under reactor conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)