Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Yu Wang, Sharon D. Yeatts, Renee' H. Martin, Robert Silbergleit, Gaylan L. Rockswold, William G. Barsan, Frederick K. Korley, Sarah Rockswold, Byron J. Gajewski
Summary: This study explores the analysis method of sliding scoring of GOS-E and compares the effectiveness of continuous method compared to dichotomous method and ordinal method. The results show that the continuous method has higher power and lower mean squared error, so it is recommended that future severe TBI clinical trials analyze the sliding scoring of GOS-E as continuous.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Anastasios A. Tsiatis, Marie Davidian
Summary: The primary analysis in clinical trials usually involves inference on a scalar treatment effect parameter. However, in trials with a time-lagged outcome, a general group sequential framework is proposed to analyze the data, taking into account censoring and covariate information, resulting in stronger evidence for early stopping compared to standard approaches.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
In-Suk Bae, Hyoung-Joon Chun, Kyu-Sun Choi, Hyeong-Joong Yi
Summary: The study proposed a new scoring system, the GCS-F score, combining GCS and mFS, for predicting outcomes and vasospasm occurrence in aSAH patients, which was more detailed than other single scales.
Article
Biology
Tong Wang, Wei Ma
Summary: This paper examines the impact of misclassification on covariate-adaptive randomized trials, showing that superior covariate balance can still be achieved compared to complete randomization even with misclassified covariates. Additionally, it is found that the two sample t-test is conservative with reduced Type I error, but this can be corrected using a bootstrap method. Adjusting misclassified covariates in the model used for analysis can maintain nominal Type I error and increase power. These results support the use of covariate-adaptive randomization in clinical trials, even in the presence of covariate misclassification.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Juxin Liu, Annshirley Afful, Holly Mansell, Yanyuan Ma
Summary: This article focuses on statistical inference for misclassified response variables and covariates, highlighting the harmful consequences of inappropriate adjustment for joint misclassification errors and proposing likelihood ratio tests to check the assumption of independent misclassification. Simulation studies suggest that ignoring dependent error structure can be worse than ignoring all misclassification errors, especially with small validation data size.
AMERICAN STATISTICIAN
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Lindsay Wilson, Kim Boase, Lindsay D. Nelson, Nancy R. Temkin, Joseph T. Giacino, Amy J. Markowitz, Andrew Maas, David K. Menon, Graham Teasdale, Geoffrey T. Manley
Summary: The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) is widely used for assessing global disability and recovery after traumatic brain injury, but achieving consistency in its application is challenging. The manual provides guidance on assessment principles, administering the interview, handling borderline cases, and discussing the properties of GOSE. Recommendations for assessor training, accreditation, and monitoring are also outlined.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeffrey T. Guptill, Michael Benatar, Volkan Granit, Ali A. Habib, James F. Howard, Carolina Barnett-Tapia, Richard J. Nowak, Ikjae Lee, Katherine Ruzhansky, Mazen M. Dimachkie, Gary R. Cutter, Henry J. Kaminski
Summary: The lack of standardization in outcome measures in myasthenia gravis clinical trials has led to confusion and variability in data. A group of experts summarized key outcome measures and made recommendations for improvements. Changes to outcome measure instructions and specific instruments were proposed, with a focus on the Quantitative MG score requiring the most attention. Training materials and revised documents will be made available to study teams.
Article
Cell Biology
Mehdi Ghasemi, Charles P. Emerson, Lawrence J. Hayward
Summary: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a debilitating disease with variable age of onset, severity, and progression. Research progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing novel therapies targeting DUX4 expression has accelerated in recent years, providing hope for future clinical trials to improve patient outcomes.
Review
Nursing
Ruth Shanahan, Pinar Avsar, Chanel Watson, Zena Moore, Declan Patton, Natalie L. Mcevoy, Ger Curley, Tom O'Connor
Summary: The impact of brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO2) monitoring on long-term neurological outcomes and mortality in patients with traumatic brain injuries is still inconclusive. Further research is needed to determine its efficacy and guide clinical practice.
NURSING IN CRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tomoki Nakamura, Kunihiro Asanuma, Tomohito Hagi, Akihiro Sudo
Summary: High-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score (HS-mGPS) and mGPS were compared in predicting oncological outcomes in patients with soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) who underwent primary surgical tumour resection. The study found that patients with HS-mGPS and mGPS scores of 1 or 2 had a poorer survival rate, and tumor size and mGPS score were significant prognostic factors.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Swaminathan Ganesh, Ramanan Rajagopal, Shalini Nair, Mathew Joseph
Summary: A 15-year observational study on pregnant women with TBI admitted to a level 1 trauma center showed that pregnant TBI patients have better long-term outcomes than their similar-aged counterparts. However, radiologic severity of injury does not seem to predict outcome in this cohort.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kevin J. Munro, William M. Whitmer, Antje Heinrich
Summary: Clinical trials are crucial for evaluating interventions in preventing, diagnosing, or treating health conditions, with a focus on improving practice in healthcare. The lack of high-quality evidence in hearing health practice highlights the importance of understanding key elements defining trial quality, such as design, blinding, and outcome measures. The complexity of outcome measures within hearing health emphasizes the need to consider how measurement instruments impact interpretation, accuracy estimation, and the meaningfulness of differences to individuals with hearing loss.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bas B. L. Penning de Vries, Maarten van Smeden, Rolf H. H. Groenwold
Summary: The paper introduces a new estimator for marginal causal effects that takes into account confounding and joint misclassification of exposure and outcome variables, relying on validation data for weight construction. Simulation studies show favorable large sample properties of the new estimator.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Niels van Nieuwenhuijzen, Rowan Frunt, Anne M. May, Monique C. Minnema
Summary: Novel drugs have led to great progress in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma, especially in early-phase clinical trials. However, due to high heterogeneity in trial results, a general assessment of clinical benefit is difficult to offer to patients.
BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jerold Loh, Jiaxuan Wu, Jenny Chieng, Aurora Chan, Wei-Peng Yong, Raghav Sundar, Soo-Chin Lee, Andrea Wong, Joline S. J. Lim, David S. P. Tan, Ross Soo, Boon-Cher Goh, Bee-Choo Tai, Cheng E. Chee
Summary: Patient selection is crucial in Phase I studies, particularly in heavily pre-treated patients where prognosis estimation is challenging. Existing prognostic models like the Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH) score or the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have not been validated in current novel therapies or in the Asian Phase I population.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marit V. Forslund, Paul B. Perrin, Solrun Sigurdardottir, Emilie I. Howe, Marleen R. van Walsem, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Lu, Alba Aza, Tone Jerstad, Cecilie Roe, Nada Andelic
Summary: Traumatic brain injury has a long-lasting impact on both physical and mental health. Factors such as longer time since injury, male gender, and pre-injury employment were identified as significant predictors of better health trajectories over the first 10 years post-injury. Targeted rehabilitation interventions may be beneficial for individuals at risk to improve long-term quality of life outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Courtney T. Blondino, James S. Clifford, Juan Lu, Elizabeth C. Prom-Wormley
Summary: The study found that the severity of internalizing symptoms was more strongly associated with conventional cigarette and alcohol use, as well as alcohol-exclusive use, while the severity of externalizing symptoms was more strongly associated with electronic cigarette and alcohol use, particularly when considering nicotine dependence. The relationship between externalizing symptoms and electronic cigarette use depended on whether alcohol was used with electronic cigarettes.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Whitney C. Graves, Tolu O. Oyesanya, Mirinda Gormley, Cecilie Roe, Nada Andelic, Ronald T. Seel, Juan Lu
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate pre- and in-hospital mortality for moderate-to-severe TBI in the U.S. by injury type and estimate annual regression-adjusted mortality from 2008-2014. The results showed a decreasing trend in in-hospital mortality for both blunt and penetrating trauma patients in the late period compared to the early period, while prehospital mortality significantly increased.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jessica Gokee LaRose, Autumn Lanoye, Dwala Ferrell, Juan Lu, Maghboeba Mosavel
Summary: This study explored how to effectively translate evidence-based weight loss methods within a community-engaged research framework in an economically disadvantaged, predominantly Black community to promote comprehensive change. By collecting formative data at the community level and collaborating with community members and stakeholders, the project developed tailored programs and materials to meet the specific needs of the community, achieving some success.
TRANSLATIONAL BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Virginia Mihalick, Juan Ignacio Damonte, Hayley Billingsley, Alessandra Vecchie, Cory R. Trankle, Dinesh Kadayira, George Wohlford, Ai-Chen Ho, Azita Talasaz, Salvatore Carbone, Roshanak Markley, Jeremy Turlington, Juan Lu, Emily Federmann, Ross Arena, Benjamin Van Tassell, Antonio Abbate, Justin M. Canada
Summary: This study compared cardiorespiratory fitness parameters between patients with de novo heart failure and those with acute on chronic heart failure. The results showed that patients with de novo HFrEF had better CRF parameters, indicating greater cardiac reserve during exercise compared to those with acute on chronic HFrEF.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Policy & Services
James S. Clifford, Juan Lu, Courtney T. Blondino, Elizabeth K. Do, Elizabeth C. Prom-Wormley
Summary: The study examined the association between health literacy and conventional cigarette, electronic cigarette, or dual use. It found that higher levels of oral health literacy were associated with lower odds of current dual tobacco use. However, there was no significant association between written health literacy and either conventional cigarette use or electronic cigarette use.
JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Emilie Isager Howe, Nada Andelic, Silje C. R. Fure, Cecilie Roe, Helene L. Soberg, Torgeir Hellstrom, Oystein Spjelkavik, Heidi Enehaug, Juan Lu, Helene Ugelstad, Marianne Lovstad, Eline Aas
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a combined cognitive and vocational intervention for patients with traumatic brain injury. The results showed that from a societal perspective, the intervention was a cost-effective alternative to treatment as usual; however, from a healthcare perspective, it was not.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Solveig Laegreid Hauger, Ida M. H. Borgen, Marianne Lovstad, Juan Lu, Marit V. Forslund, Ingerid Kleffelgard, Nada Andelic, Cecilie Roe
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the types and effectiveness of community-based interventions for adults with long-lasting difficulties following acquired brain injury. The study finds a diverse range of interventions with varying effects, highlighting the need for further research to address methodological issues and provide evidence-based recommendations for ABI interventions in the community.
JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Juan Ignacio Damonte, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Georgia K. Thomas, James Mbualungu, Bennett Clark, Rocco Antonio Montone, Daniel H. Berrocal, Tamas S. Gal, Le Kang, Juan Lu, Benjamin Van Tassell, Jayanthi Koneru, Thomas C. Crawford, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Antonio Abbate, Jordana Kron
Summary: This study investigated the burden of arrhythmia recurrence and in-hospital outcomes among patients admitted for Electrical Storm (ES). The study found that patients with recurrent ES had significantly higher in-hospital mortality rates and higher rates of ventricular mechanical support, invasive mechanical ventilation, catheter ablation, and heart transplantation compared to those with recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) not meeting criteria for ES or no recurrences of VT/VF.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Juan Lu, Mirinda Gormley, Alexis Donaldson, Amma Agyemang, Amol Karmarkar, Ronald T. Seel
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors associated with acute hospital discharge dispositions for patients with moderate-to-severe TBI in the United States. Findings highlighted the importance of sociodemographic, injury, and hospital-level factors in determining discharge outcomes and emphasized the need for further research into hospital-related variations.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Benjamin Van Tassell, Virginia Mihalick, Georgia Thomas, Amr Marawan, Azita H. Talasaz, Juan Lu, Le Kang, Amy Ladd, Juan Ignacio Damonte, Dave L. Dixon, Roshanak Markley, Jeremy Turlington, Emily Federmann, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Justin M. Canada, Ross Arena, Antonio Abbate
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effect of anakinra on cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with acute decompensated HFrEF. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted over 24 weeks to observe the impact of anakinra on oxygen consumption, echocardiographic data, and HF outcomes.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Emilie Isager Howe, Marina Zeldovich, Nada Andelic, Nicole von Steinbuechel, Silje C. R. Fure, Ida M. H. Borgen, Marit Forslund, Torgeir Hellstrom, Helene L. Soberg, Unni Sveen, Mari Rasmussen, Ingerid Kleffelgaard, Cathrine Tverdal, Eirik Helseth, Marianne Lovstad, Juan Lu, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla, Olli A. Tenovuo, Philippe Azouvi, Helen Dawes, Cecilie Roe
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the provision of rehabilitation services and factors associated with outcomes in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The study found that patients with complicated mTBI reported more unfavorable outcomes and received rehabilitation services more frequently. Receiving rehabilitation services and a higher number of care transitions were indicators of injury severity and associated with unfavorable outcomes.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan Lu, Mari S. Rasmussen, Solrun Sigurdardottir, Marit V. Forslund, Emilie I. Howe, Silje C. R. Fure, Marianne Lovstad, Reagan Overeem, Cecilie Roe, Nada Andelic
Summary: This study examined the impact of injury characteristics and one-year functional level on the community integration outcomes of patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury over a 10-year period. The results showed improved community integration over time, with age, cognitive function, and bodily pain being significant predictors of long-term outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Maghboeba Mosavel, Dwala Ferrell, Jessica Gokee LaRose, Juan Lu, Jodi Winship
Summary: Using a community-based participatory research approach, a citywide survey was conducted to explore perceptions of obesity and interventions to reduce obesity within an African American urban community. The majority of respondents agreed that family-based interventions were the preferred pathway for improving physical activity and nutrition. Engaging community members in survey development and implementation proved to be an effective approach in building local research capacity and establishing a shared agenda.
FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Helene Lundgaard Soberg, Hakon Ogreid Moksnes, Audny Anke, Olav Roise, Cecilie Roe, Eline Aas, Unni Sveen, Christine Gaarder, Pal Aksel Naess, Eirik Helseth, Hilde Margrete Dahl, Frank Becker, Marianne Lovstad, Kristian Bartnes, Christoph Schafer, Mari S. Rasmussen, Paul Perrin, Juan Lu, Torgeir Hellstrom, Nada Andelic
Summary: This study aims to describe the prevalence of rehabilitation needs, the provided services, and functional outcomes for patients with traumatic injuries in the first year after trauma. It also seeks to assess the costs of rehabilitation provision and guide future efforts to improve rehabilitation and health care planning and allocation. The study will provide insights into existing service provision, gaps between needs and services, and associated costs for treating patients with moderate and major trauma.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2021)