Article
Rehabilitation
Thomas J. Barton, David A. Low, Esmee A. Bakker, Thomas Janssen, Sonja de Groot, Lucas van der Woude, Dick H. J. Thijssen
Summary: In individuals with spinal cord injury, traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors and models significantly underestimate the true risk for CVD events, but these markers successfully distinguish between high and low-risk SCI individuals.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Oche Adam Itodo, Joelle Leonie Flueck, Peter Francis Raguindin, Stevan Stojic, Mirjam Brach, Claudio Perret, Beatrice Minder, Oscar H. Franco, Taulant Muka, Gerold Stucki, Jivko Stoyanov, Marija Glisic
Summary: This study aimed to review and quantify the association between engagement in regular physical activity and/or exercise interventions and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The findings suggest that physically active SCI individuals have better glucose homeostasis profile and cardiorespiratory fitness compared to inactive individuals, but there were no significant differences in blood pressure, heart rate, and lipids.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gary J. Farkas, Adam M. Burton, David W. McMillan, Alicia Sneij, David R. Jr Jr Gater
Summary: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) often have risk factors for cardiometabolic risk and cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. This narrative review focuses on recent research on the cardiometabolic sequelae of SCI, providing diagnosis and surveillance criteria, as well as lifestyle management strategies to improve cardiometabolic health.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mark D. Peterson, Maryam Berri, Paul Lin, Neil Kamdar, Gianna Rodriguez, Elham Mahmoudi, Denise Tate
Summary: This study compared the incidence and risk of cardiovascular and metabolic morbidities among adults with spinal cord injuries (SCI) to those without SCI. The results showed that individuals with SCI had a significantly higher incidence and risk of common cardiometabolic morbidities.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Allison A. Lewinski, Shelley A. Jazowski, Karen M. Goldstein, Colette Whitney, Hayden B. Bosworth, Leah L. Zullig
Summary: Coordinated action from multiple representatives is necessary to combat clinical inertia. Effective interventions include patient and clinician education, real-time monitoring of patient data for shared decision-making, and a combination of approaches. Possible multi-level approaches described in the study are collaborative clinician training, use of a population health manager, and electronic monitoring and reminder devices.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tara Lagu, Samantha L. Schroth, Carol Haywood, Allen Heinemann, Allison Kessler, Leslie Morse, Sadiya S. Khan, Kiarri N. Kershaw, Mark S. Nash
Summary: Over 16,000 Americans experience spinal cord injury (SCI) annually, leading to chronic disability and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. SCI patients have a higher burden of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and encounter numerous barriers to care due to disability and socioeconomic inequities. It is crucial for primary care physicians and cardiologists to be aware of the importance of timely diagnosis and management of cardiac risk factors in SCI patients.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Uwe Wahl, Tobias Hirsch
Summary: Patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) are at a higher risk for peripheral artery disease even in the absence of cardiovascular risk factors. They exhibit significant vascular changes in their arteries, including reduced lumen size and increased vessel wall tension. Additionally, these patients have a higher disposition for diabetes mellitus, lipid metabolism disorders, and coronary artery disease.
VASA-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer Sacramento-Pacheco, Maria Begona Sanchez-Gomez, Juan Gomez-Salgado, Maria Mercedes Novo-Munoz, Gonzalo Duarte-Climents
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Spain, mainly due to the lack of control of cardiovascular risk factors. The prevalence of these risk factors varies across different autonomous regions in Spain, with high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, overweight, and obesity being the most common.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
P. Sreeharsha, Rishi Mugesh Kanna, Raunak Milton, Ajoy Prasad Shetty, S. Rajasekaran
Summary: The incidence and risk factors for complications, length of stay, and mortality after traumatic spinal injuries were analyzed in this study. Chest injuries, cervical spine injury, complete neurological deficit, and ankylosing spondylitis were key predictors of mortality, while age and thoracic injuries contributed to higher morbidity and prolonged hospitalization.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Natalia S. C. Cunha, Anahita Malvea, Sarah Sadat, George M. Ibrahim, Michael G. Fehlings
Summary: This review provides a concise overview of key aspects related to spinal cord injuries (SCIs) in children. It covers the etiology, epidemiology, unique challenges, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, multidisciplinary management, emerging research, and innovative therapies of pediatric SCIs. The need for continued advancements in understanding and treating SCIs in children to improve their functional independence and overall quality of life is emphasized.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zhizhong Shang, Pingping Wanyan, Baolin Zhang, Mingchuan Wang, Xin Wang
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that has a significant impact on public health. This study aims to investigate the incidence and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after SCI, with the goal of providing guidance for future disease prevention.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yizhang Mo, Kebing Chen
Summary: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) functions both as a nonhistone nucleoprotein and an extracellular inflammatory cytokine. It is mainly located in the nucleus in the resting state and regulates key nuclear activities. After spinal cord injury, HMGB1 is expressed by neurons, microglia, and ependymal cells and released into the extracellular matrix and blood circulation, contributing to the pathophysiological process of spinal cord injury. HMGB1 can regulate microglia activation, exacerbate inflammation, and result in neuronal death. However, it has also been shown to benefit neuron survival, regeneration, and motor function recovery. This article reviews the timing of HMGB1 secretion and translocation, release mechanisms, and its role in spinal cord injury, and identifies challenges to be addressed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Carla Georgina Cicero-Sarmiento, Juan Carlos Sanchez-Salgado, Jesus Alfredo Araujo-Leon, Emanuel Hernandez-Nunez, Maira Rubi Segura Campos, Rolffy Ruben Ortiz-Andrade
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis found that consumption of chia seeds is associated with reductions in cholesterol, glycemic control, and blood pressure. However, evidence from randomized clinical trials remains limited.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Raza N. Malik, Kawami Cao, Anibal Bohorquez, Tom E. Nightingale, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe cardiovascular dysfunction, and autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is one of the causes of high blood pressure in SCI patients. Recently, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been considered as a potential intervention to alleviate unstable blood pressure after SCI. This case series demonstrates the real-time effect of epidural SCS (eSCS) at the lumbosacral spinal cord in mitigating AD in individuals with SCI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ben Kaplan, Shulamit Levenberg
Summary: Peripheral nerve and spinal cord injuries have significant impacts on patients' lives, with severe cases currently lacking a cure. Biomaterials can be engineered as scaffolds to mimic nerve tissue and promote axonal regeneration, as well as deliver therapeutic agents to the site of injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amanda H. X. Lee, Emmanuel K. Tse, Thomas E. Nightingale, Rahul Sachdeva, Matthias Walter, Andrei Krassioukov
Summary: This study investigated the patterns and perceptions of cannabis use among women with spinal cord injury (SCI), as well as the knowledge of physicians regarding recreational and synthetic cannabinoids. The results showed that some women used cannabis during pregnancy and breastfeeding, mainly for sleep aid and relief of morning sickness. Most physicians had poor knowledge of recreational cannabis products but were more knowledgeable about synthetic cannabinoids.
JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Leah Rosetti, Stacy Elliott, Amanda H. X. Lee, Laura A. McCracken, Shea Hocaloski, Karen Hodge, Ineta Zobina, Christina-Anastasia Rapidi, Prokopios Manthos, Aggeliki Galata, Tiev Miller, Raymond C. K. Chung, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the availability and quality of breastfeeding guidelines for women with spinal cord injury (SCI). The results showed that current guidelines lack specific recommendations for SCI patients, and the one guideline that did mention SCI had significant deficits.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cameron M. Gee, Adrienne R. Sinden, Andrei Krassioukov, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis
Summary: A multi-center randomized clinical trial compared the effects of arm-cycle ergometry (ACET) and body weight supported treadmill training (BWSTT) on quality of life (QOL) and intermediary variables in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The study found that neither intervention significantly impacted QOL, but pain was reduced in the ACET group compared to the BWSTT group. The study suggests that exercise interventions that improve autonomy and independence may lead to improvements in QOL.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jan Elaine Soriano, Jordan W. Squair, Jacquelyn J. Cragg, Jennifer Thompson, Rafael Sanguinetti, Bita Vaseghi, Carolyn A. Emery, Christopher Grant, Rebecca Charbonneau, Kelly A. Larkin-Kaiser, Aaron A. Phillips, Zeljko Dujic
Summary: This study found that individuals with spinal cord injury have lower levels of physical activity compared to the general population. This knowledge is important for directing future research and allocating healthcare resources.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Yetsa A. Tuakli-Wosornu, Kangxin Wang, Maryam Fourtassi, Catherine Stratton, Laura Paulina Munoz-Velasco, Abderrazak Hajjioui, Rory Cooper, Joseph K. Balikuddembe, Mark Peterson, Uma Pandiyan, Andrei Krassioukov, Deo Rishi Tripathi, Angela Palomba, Bo-Young Hong
Summary: This study aimed to examine the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the physical and mental health and healthy lifestyle behaviors of people with disabilities living in the community. A web-based global survey was conducted, collecting 3550 responses from 65 countries over a period of 3 months. The results showed that people with disabilities experienced a greater decrease in physical activity levels, reduced intake of fruits and vegetables, and decreased sleep duration compared to those without disabilities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Tae Yoon Lee, John Petkau, Nevrose Mangat, Abdollah Safari, Jacquelyn J. Cragg, Larry D. Lynd, J. Mark FitzGerald, Stuart E. Turvey, Mohsen Sadatsafavi
Summary: The study found a significant decline in pediatric asthma hospitalization rates in Canada from 2002 to 2017, but adult asthma hospitalization rates have stabilized. Since 2010, there has been a slowdown in the decrease of pediatric asthma hospitalization rates, while for adults, this slowdown started in 2008.
ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Katherine Gray, Whitley Sheehan, Laura McCracken, Klaus Krogh, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: This systematic review examines the use of local analgesics, specifically lidocaine or bupivacaine, to prevent autonomic dysreflexia (AD) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The review finds that lidocaine has a beneficial effect on AD in some studies, but the small sample sizes and conflicting results highlight the need for larger, well-monitored clinical trials.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lauren Rietchel, Andrea L. Ramirez, Shea Hocaloski, Stacy Elliott, Matthias Walter, Andrei Krassioukov
Summary: This study found that autonomic dysreflexia (AD)-associated heart rate changes during penile vibrostimulation (PVS) and urodynamic studies (UDS) appear to be related to the magnitude of systolic blood pressure increases. Highly elevated systolic blood pressure with bradycardia suggests the presence of severe AD. Cardiovascular monitoring and early detection of AD are recommended during PVS and UDS to reduce the risk of life-threatening complications.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Matthias Walter, Andrea L. Ramirez, Amanda H. X. Lee, Thomas E. Nightingale, Daniel Rapoport, Alex Kavanagh, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: This study demonstrates that fesoterodine can alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence in patients with chronic spinal cord injury, improving their quality of life. During the treatment period, patients experienced increased cystometric capacity, decreased maximum detrusor pressure, alleviation of symptoms related to neurogenic detrusor overactivity, as well as a reduction in the severity and frequency of autonomic dysreflexia events.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rahul Sachdeva, Ali Hosseinzadeh, Aaron Rizzardo, Andrea Maharaj, Michael Berger, Andrei Krassioukov
Summary: This study assessed the effects of oxycodone/naloxone on pain, constipation, and autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury patients. The results showed that oxycodone/naloxone improved pain, bowel function, and severity of autonomic dysreflexia.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Rajat Emanuel Singh, Aliya Ahmadi, Ann M. Parr, Uzma Samadani, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Theoden I. Netoff, David P. Darrow
Summary: Multiple studies have shown that epidural spinal cord stimulation (eSCS) can restore volitional motor control in participants with motor-complete spinal cord injury (SCI). However, there has been a lack of rigorous quantitative descriptions of muscle coordination. In this study, six participants with chronic SCI underwent a brain motor control assessment (BMCA) to investigate the impact of eSCS on muscle activity complexity and muscle synergies. Results showed that eSCS immediately reduced muscle activity complexity and improved coordination between muscle groups over time. Muscle synergies were also restored with eSCS, supporting the neural hypothesis of muscle synergies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Raza N. Malik, Kawami Cao, Anibal Bohorquez, Tom E. Nightingale, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe cardiovascular dysfunction, and autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is one of the causes of high blood pressure in SCI patients. Recently, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been considered as a potential intervention to alleviate unstable blood pressure after SCI. This case series demonstrates the real-time effect of epidural SCS (eSCS) at the lumbosacral spinal cord in mitigating AD in individuals with SCI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiev Miller, Dirk Lange, Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu, Kai Yu, Demian Felix, Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Raza N. Malik, Rahul Sachdeva, Matthias Walter, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Despite the common practice of catheter reuse in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), there is a risk of developing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). This study investigated the microbiological burden and surface changes of reused catheters in the short term. The results showed the presence of bacterial biofilm and antibiotic-resistant bacteria on all reused catheter surfaces, as well as asymptomatic bacteriuria in the majority of participants. These findings suggest that short-term catheter reuse may increase the susceptibility to CAUTI in SCI individuals.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Fredrika S. Magnuson, Peter Christensen, Andrei Krassioukov, Gianna Rodriguez, Anton Emmanuel, Steven Kirshblum, Klaus Krogh
Summary: Neurogenic bowel dysfunction is a common problem among individuals with spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, often resulting in constipation, difficulty with bowel evacuation, and fecal incontinence. The current treatment algorithm does not fully align with clinical practice, calling for an updated version to guide healthcare professionals in treating NBD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel D. Hodgkiss, Gurjeet S. Bhangu, Carole Lunny, Catherine R. Jutzeler, Shin-Yi Chiou, Matthias Walter, Samuel J. E. Lucas, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Tom E. Nightingale
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to low cardiorespiratory fitness, but exercise can improve it. This study aimed to assess whether certain SCI characteristics and exercise considerations can moderate changes in cardiorespiratory fitness.
