Article
Clinical Neurology
Samineh Mesbah, Tyler Ball, Claudia Angeli, Enrico Rejc, Nicholas Dietz, Beatrice Ugiliweneza, Susan Harkema, Maxwell Boakye
Summary: The study found that in individuals with clinically motor complete spinal cord injury, the extent of recovery of lower limb voluntary movements with scES is significantly influenced by the percentage of lumbosacral enlargement coverage by the electrode array and the position of the electrode relative to the lumbosacral enlargement and conus tip.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samineh Mesbah, Tyler Ball, Claudia Angeli, Enrico Rejc, Nicholas Dietz, Beatrice Ugiliweneza, Susan Harkema, Maxwell Boakye
Summary: The study showed that in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury, there was a significant correlation between the coverage rate of lumbosacral enlargement by the electrode array and the position of the electrode, and the number of joints moved during voluntary lower limb movements. However, there was no significant correlation between the cross-section area of the spinal cord at C3 or the length of severe myelomalacia and the ability to move the lower limbs voluntarily.
Review
Neurosciences
Soshi Samejima, Richard Henderson, Jared Pradarelli, Sarah E. Mondello, Chet T. Moritz
Summary: Spinal cord injuries often result in permanent physical impairments despite being incomplete disruptions. However, remaining connections between the brain and spinal cord can induce neural plasticity to improve sensorimotor function, even years post-injury. This review provides an overview of evidence for motor recovery, plasticity, and interventions in spinal cord stimulation for motor control restoration. It discusses both open-loop and closed-loop stimulation approaches, as well as mechanisms of spinal cord neuromodulation for sensorimotor recovery, aiming to advance rehabilitation for spinal cord injuries.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amandine Robac, Pauline Neveu, Alizee Hugede, Elisabeth Garrido, Lionel Nicol, Quentin Delarue, Nicolas Guerout
Summary: The study demonstrates that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation (rTSMS) can modulate lesion scar and induce functional locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. rTSMS decreases formation of cystic cavities and improves axonal survival in both SCI models, showing promising effects for potential use in human treatment.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weijian Kong, Ronghang Li, Peng Xia, Su Pan, Zhiping Qi, Chengliang Zhao, Chuan Fu, Xiaoyu Yang
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of AuNPs@PDAPLGA nanomembrane combined with electrical stimulation (ES) on spinal cord injury (SCI). The results showed that the nanomembrane combined with ES could promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), as well as the regeneration of new neurons and formation of neuronal synapses, contributing to the functional recovery of SCI.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Wei-wei Deng, Guang-yan Wu, Ling-xia Min, Zhou Feng, Hui Chen, Ming-liang Tan, Jian-feng Sui, Hong-liang Liu, Jing-ming Hou
Summary: Activation of glutamate neurons in the primary motor cortex can significantly improve motor function scores in rats, shorten the incubation period of motor evoked potentials, and increase motor potentials' amplitude. Accurate activation of the primary motor cortex can effectively promote tissue recovery and neurofilament growth, while also increasing the content of some growth-related proteins at the injured site. These findings suggest that selective activation of glutamate neurons in the primary motor cortex may play a significant role in promoting functional recovery after SCI and understanding the neural cell mechanism involved in recovery induced by motor cortex stimulation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sachin Kandhari, Dewaker Sharma, Sachin Samuel, Gaurav Sharma, Pritam Majumdar, V. Reggie Edgerton, Parag Gad
Summary: This study aims to explore the impact of activity-based neurorehabilitation and epidural spinal stimulation on the simultaneous recovery of sensorimotor and autonomic functions in patients with complete motor paralysis due to spinal cord injury. The results demonstrate that within just 2 months of intense neurorehabilitation, multiple organ systems can quantifiably improve, with patients undergoing sub-motor threshold stimulation for self-training. The study also confirms the feasibility of conducting these procedures in a traditional neurorehabilitation clinical setting using off-the-shelf equipment.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Sophie Hofer, Myriam Scheuber, Andrea M. Sartori, Nicolas Good, Stephanie A. Stalder, Nicole Hammer, Kai Fricke, Sina M. Schalbetter, Anne K. Engmann, Rebecca Z. Weber, Ruslan Rust, Marc P. Schneider, Natalie Russi, Giacomin Favre, Martin E. Schwab
Summary: This study showed that deep brain stimulation of the cuneiform nucleus of the mesencephalic locomotor region can enhance motor recovery, enable high-intensity training, and improve long-term gait recovery after severe incomplete spinal cord injury in rats.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zehao Li, Guanlin Li, Xinyu Wang, Zheng Zhao
Summary: Electrical stimulation can restore motor function after spinal cord injury, but traditional intraspinal electrical stimulation has many disadvantages. This study developed a novel piezoelectric hydrogel that does not require an external power source or implantation of electrodes. The hydrogel significantly enhanced motor functional recovery of spinal cord injury and accelerated spinal cord healing, neurogenesis, axon regrowth, synapse formation, and remyelination.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Raza N. Malik, Kawami Cao, Anibal Bohorquez, Tom E. Nightingale, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe cardiovascular dysfunction, and autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is one of the causes of high blood pressure in SCI patients. Recently, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been considered as a potential intervention to alleviate unstable blood pressure after SCI. This case series demonstrates the real-time effect of epidural SCS (eSCS) at the lumbosacral spinal cord in mitigating AD in individuals with SCI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jaclyn R. Wecht, William M. Savage, Grace O. Famodimu, Gregory A. Mendez, Jonah M. Levine, Matthew T. Maher, Joseph P. Weir, Jill M. Wecht, Jason B. Carmel, Yu-Kuang Wu, Noam Y. Harel
Summary: The study found that subthreshold TSCS can facilitate hand muscle responses to motor cortex stimulation, especially when the TSCS arrives simultaneously or slightly after the cortical stimulation, indicating the potential for enhanced synaptic plasticity in circuits serving hand function.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Conor McHugh, Clare Taylor, David Mockler, Neil Fleming
Summary: A systematic review evaluated the efficacy of epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS) for improving motor function in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). While most studies reported some improvement in motor activity with ESCS, the quality of reviewed studies was found to be poor and data heterogeneity prevented a meta-analysis. Therefore, the therapeutic efficacy of ESCS remains inconclusive.
NEUROREHABILITATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bruno Benedetti, Annika Weidenhammer, Maximilian Reisinger, Sebastien Couillard-Despres
Summary: Evidence suggests that cortical disinhibition can be either beneficial or detrimental in a context-dependent manner. Careful examination of clinical data and research using SCI animal models can help to better understand this mechanism and improve treatment outcomes through targeted pharmacological and rehabilitative interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jadwiga N. Bilchak, Guillaume Caron, Marie-Pascale Cote
Summary: Exercise is the superior therapy for most SCI sequalae, influencing peripheral health and CNS disorders by activating relevant neural pathways. Recent research has focused on understanding the molecular underpinnings of exercise-induced effects, particularly the increase in neurotrophins, to enhance intervention strategies and improve quality of life for SCI-affected individuals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kristen Gelenitis, Kevin Foglyano, Lisa Lombardo, Ronald Triolo
Summary: Selective stimulation patterns can increase work performed and power sustained by paralyzed muscles prior to fatigue with increased stimulation efficiency. Low duty cycle patterns can cause inconsistent power outputs each pedal stroke, but this can be managed by utilizing optimized stimulation levels, ultimately improving the physiological benefits of stimulation-driven exercise.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
