Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Joseph A. Carnevale, Jacob L. Goldberg, Theodore Schwartz
Summary: A 31-year-old male with bipolar disorder, suicidal attempts, and seizures presented with increasing seizure frequency. He was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1 and underwent surgery for low-grade glioma.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Baiwei Zhang, Cheng Xu, Junfeng Liu, Jinsheng Yang, Qinglei Gao, Fei Ye
Summary: The study revealed that NID1 is overexpressed in glioma tissues, and high NID1 expression is associated with overall survival and temozolomide sensitivity in low-grade glioma patients. NID1 could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in this patient population.
Article
Oncology
Yao Yu, Javier Villanueva-Meyer, Matthew R. Grimmer, Stephanie Hilz, David A. Solomon, Serah Choi, Michael Wahl, Tali Mazor, Chibo Hong, Anny Shai, Joanna J. Phillips, Bruce H. Wainer, Michael McDermott, Daphne Haas-Kogan, Jennie W. Taylor, Nicholas Butowski, Jennifer L. Clarke, Mitchel S. Berger, Annette M. Molinaro, Susan M. Chang, Joseph F. Costello, Nancy Ann Oberheim Bush
Summary: The study found that hypermutation induced by temozolomide greatly increased the risk of high-grade disease recurrence in low-grade IDH-mutant glioma patients previously treated with TMZ, and was associated with shorter survival after transformation. Tumors with hypermutation were more likely to develop discontiguous foci of disease in the brain and spine.
Article
Neurosciences
Xinghui He, Kai Zhang, Dingyang Liu, Zhuanyi Yang, Xuejun Li, Zhiquan Yang
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of postoperative seizures in patients with diffuse low-grade glioma (DLGG)-related epilepsy. The results showed that satisfactory seizure outcomes can be achieved in most patients after complete tumor resection, but patients with seizure duration of >6 years or first clinical symptoms other than seizures were more likely to experience postoperative seizure recurrence.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Maximilian J. Mair, Marjolein Geurts, Martin J. van den Bent, Anna S. Berghoff
Summary: WHO grade II-III gliomas are rare primary brain tumors with longer median survival compared to grade IV glioblastoma. Treatment involves maximal safe resection and adjuvant therapies, with challenges in conducting clinical trials due to rarity and long follow-up times. The 2016 WHO Classification introduced a molecular diagnostic framework for more homogenous subgroups. Available evidence for adjuvant treatment was generated pre-molecular era, emphasizing the need for further research in this field.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Pushan Dasgupta, Veerakumar Balasubramanyian, John F. F. de Groot, Nazanin K. K. Majd
Summary: Preclinical models are crucial for understanding glioma biology and developing therapeutics. However, the development of ideal models is challenging due to various factors, such as genetic background, tumor heterogeneity, intact blood-brain barrier, and the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss in vitro and in vivo models of glioma and the challenges involved in developing optimal models.
Article
Oncology
Deborah Y. Park, Martin C. Tom, Yanwen Chen, Surabhi Tewari, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Jennifer S. Yu, Samuel T. Chao, John H. Suh, David M. Peereboom, Glen H. J. Stevens, Gene H. Barnett, Lilyana Angelov, Alireza Mohammadi, Thomas Hogan, Courtney Kissel, Brittany Lapin, Isabel Schuermeyer, Michael W. Parsons, Richard Naugle, Erin S. Murphy
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of concurrent temozolomide-based chemoradiation therapy on neurocognitive function in low-grade glioma patients. Patients aged over 40 and with education over 16 years demonstrated superior baseline verbal memory. Overall, neurocognitive function remained stable following the treatment.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kai Zhang, Dingyang Liu, Zhuanyi Yang, Xuejun Li, Zhiquan Yang, Xinghui He
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed predictors of postoperative seizure outcomes in patients with frontal diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGGs)-related epilepsy. The results showed that complete tumor removal and older age at seizure onset were independent predictors of favorable seizure outcomes.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Soumil Dey, Ramesh Sharanappa Doddamani, Aparna Banerjee Dixit, Manjari Tripathi, Meher Chand Sharma, P. Sarat Chandra, Jyotirmoy Banerjee
Summary: The study compared the electrophysiological properties of pyramidal neurons in peritumoral tissues obtained from glioma patients with and without a history of seizures, finding a higher frequency of spontaneous glutamatergic and GABAergic activities in seizure patients. The findings suggest differences in spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory synaptic neurotransmission between patients with and without seizures. Alterations in postsynaptic currents may contribute to spontaneous epileptiform activity in seizure patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Martin A. Merenzon, Shovan Bhatia, Adam Levy, Tiffany Eatz, Alexis A. Morell, Lekhaj C. Daggubati, Evan Luther, Ashish H. Shah, Ricardo J. Komotar, Michael E. Ivan
Summary: Seizures are common in patients with low-grade brain tumors, and frontal lobe epilepsy has worse seizure outcomes compared to temporal lobe epilepsy. This study conducted a systematic review, reported a case series, and performed a pooled analysis to identify clinical predictors of seizure outcomes in frontal lobe low-grade brain tumors.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lingcheng Zeng, Qi Mei, Hua Li, Changshu Ke, Jiasheng Yu, Jian Chen
Summary: The study evaluated the surgical effect on survival in patients with incidental low-grade glioma, showing that the timing of surgery did not significantly affect progression-free survival and overall survival, but total tumor resection significantly prolonged survival.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Harrison Snyder, Andy Yu -Der Wang, Leonel Ampie, Danyas Sarathy, Ajay Chatrath, Ashok R. Asthagiri, Christopher I. Shaffrey, Justin S. Smith, Mark E. Shaffrey, Chun -Po Yen, Avery L. Buchholz, Hasan R. Syed, James Kryzanski, Julian K. Wu, Carl B. Heilman
Summary: This study provides a retrospective analysis of primary spinal cord astrocytoma patients from 1997 to 2020. The results indicate that higher grades are associated with poorer outcomes and more difficult postoperative periods. Clinicians should be vigilant for thromboembolic complications.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mark P. van Opijnen, C. Mircea S. Tesileanu, Linda Dirven, Pim B. van der Meer, Maarten M. J. Wijnenga, Arnaud J. P. E. Vincent, Marike L. D. Broekman, Hendrikus J. Dubbink, Johan M. Kros, Sjoerd G. van Duinen, Marion Smits, Pim J. French, Martin J. van den Bent, Martin J. B. Taphoorn, Johan A. F. Koekkoek
Summary: IDHwt hLGG patients and IDHwt glioblastoma patients have similar incidence proportions of epilepsy during the entire disease course. However, the former has a significantly higher incidence of epilepsy before diagnosis and a significantly longer time between first seizure and diagnosis, indicating a distinct clinical course between the two subtypes.
Review
Oncology
Marco Gallus, Darwin Kwok, Senthilnath Lakshmanachetty, Akane Yamamichi, Hideho Okada
Summary: IDH-mutant low-grade gliomas (LGG) are slow-growing glial cell-derived tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) that predominantly manifest in young adults and often show malignant transformation. Despite therapeutic advances in other areas, immunotherapies remain ineffective in treating LGG patients. This review summarizes relevant research findings and discusses challenges and lessons learned from clinical trials, as well as future perspectives on improving immunotherapy for IDH-mutant LGG.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacob P. Fisher, David C. Adamson
Summary: The standard of care for high-grade gliomas includes surgical resection, radiation therapy, and temozolomide, which have improved patient survival rates. Besides temozolomide, there are several other FDA-approved treatments for HGG, with tumor treatment fields being the only one shown to significantly improve survival rates.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alon Kashanian, Pratik Rohatgi, Srinivas Chivukula, Sameer A. Sheth, Nader Pouratian
Summary: The study aimed to determine the association between lead externalization and risk of infection in deep brain stimulation. The pooled proportion of infection in patients with lead externalization was found to be comparable to that of patients without externalization. Additional studies are needed to verify these findings before implementing in clinical practice.
OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Caroline Schnakers, James Divine, Micah A. Johnson, Evan Lutkenhoff, Martin M. Monti, Katrina M. Keil, John Guthrie, Nader Pouratian, David Patterson, Gary Jensen, Vanessa C. Morales, Kathleen F. Weaver, Emily R. Rosario
Summary: This longitudinal study found changes in P-tau levels over time in chronic TBI patients, which were positively related to functional outcomes and negatively related to the severity of depression. Additionally, P-tau and P-tau/T-tau ratio were positively correlated to shape changes in subcortical areas of the brain.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nathaniel D. Sisterson, April A. Carlson, Ueli Rutishauser, Adam N. Mamelak, Mitchell Flagg, Nader Pouratian, Yousef Salimpour, William S. Anderson, R. Mark Richardson
Summary: Through analyzing data from 367 DBS surgeries, the study found that conducting ECoG research during surgery did not significantly increase complication rates, providing confirmation of the safety of such procedures.
Article
Biology
Srinivas Chivukula, Carey Y. Zhang, Tyson Aflalo, Matiar Jafari, Kelsie Pejsa, Nader Pouratian, Richard A. Andersen
Summary: The study found evidence of touch encoding in the human posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and its cognitive engagement during a tactile imagery task, possibly reflecting semantic processing, attention, sensory anticipation, or imagined touch.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Avi Caspi, Michael P. Barry, Uday K. Patel, Michelle Armenta Salas, Jessy D. Dorn, Arup Roy, Soroush Niketeghad, Robert J. Greenberg, Nader Pouratian
Summary: The study focuses on evaluating the impact of eye movements on phosphene locations elicited by electrical stimulation of the visual cortex to restore sight in blind subjects. Results show that eye movements significantly affect the perceived location of cortical stimulation-evoked phosphenes, even after prolonged blindness. By accounting for eye positions and remapping responses, researchers can mimic retinal mapping to improve visual restoration outcomes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Matthew Z. Sun, Diana Babayan, Jia-Shu Chen, Maxwell M. Wang, Priyanka K. Naik, Kara Reitz, Jingyi Jessica Li, Nader Pouratian, Won Kim
Summary: Admitting adult craniotomy patients without significant comorbidities to the neuroscience ward for recovery instead of the neurointensive care unit led to shorter length of stay and reduced hospitalization cost, without significant differences in postoperative clinical outcome.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anusha Allawala, Kelly R. Bijanki, Wayne Goodman, Jeffrey F. Cohn, Ashwin Viswanathan, Daniel Yoshor, David A. Borton, Nader Pouratian, Sameer A. Sheth
Summary: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown inconsistent results in prior clinical trials for neuropsychiatric illnesses. An individualized intracranial investigation approach, combining behavioral assessments, is proposed to inform ideal DBS parameters for better treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Lauren Uhr, Evangelia Tsolaki, Nader Pouratian
Summary: Depression in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with abnormal subcallosal cingulate cortex (SCC) connectivity, similar to major depressive disorder (MDD). This suggests that interventions used for MDD may be effective in treating depressive symptoms in PD, particularly when dysphoric mood is predominant.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Ashley Feinsinger, Nader Pouratian, Hamasa Ebadi, Ralph Adolphs, Richard Andersen, Michael S. Beauchamp, Edward F. Chang, Nathan E. Crone, Jennifer L. Collinger, Itzhak Fried, Adam Mamelak, Mark Richardson, Ueli Rutishauser, Sameer A. Sheth, Nanthia Suthana, Nitin Tandon, Daniel Yoshor
Summary: This passage discusses the ethical commitments proposed by BRAIN-funded investigators in intracranial human neuroscience research, which include maintaining the integrity of clinical care and ensuring voluntariness. It also highlights the need for further investigation into the principles, practices, and uncertainties related to these commitments.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
P. Loizidou, E. Rios, A. Marttini, O. Keluo-Udeke, J. Soetedjo, J. Belay, K. Perifanos, N. Pouratian, W. Speier
Summary: Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) like the P300 speller show promise in restoring communication for advanced-stage neuromuscular disease patients. Advances in research have improved typing speed and accuracy, with the potential for these methods to be generalized across different languages such as English, Spanish, and Greek. This could expand access to BCI systems for diverse populations, especially in developing regions.
BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mahsa Malekmohammadi, Richard Mustakos, Sameer Sheth, Nader Pouratian, Cameron C. McIntyre, Kelly R. Bijanki, Evangelia Tsolaki, Kevin Chiu, Meghan E. Robinson, Joshua A. Adkinson, Denise Oswalt, Stephen Carcieri
Summary: The DBS Illumina 3D algorithm uses patient-specific imaging to assist clinical programming by optimizing stimulation settings to activate a target area while minimizing stimulation of areas outside the target, showing promising clinical application potential.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Ethics
Michelle T. Pham, Nader Pouratian, Ashley Feinsinger
Summary: Participant engagement is crucial in basic human intracranial electrophysiology research due to concerns of exploitation. Understanding participant values and incorporating their perspectives can help determine if research practices constitute exploitation and contribute to a research paradigm that is responsive to participant values.
Article
Biology
Charles Guan, Tyson Aflalo, Carey Y. Zhang, Elena Amoruso, Emily R. Rosario, Nader Pouratian, Richard A. Andersen
Summary: This study analyzed neural activity in a tetraplegic individual using a brain-computer interface to control a virtual hand. The results showed that the motor representation structure in the posterior parietal cortex resembled that of able-bodied individuals, even after paralysis. This suggests that brain-computer interfaces can re-engage stable motor representations to restore lost motor functions.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shan Zhong, Jeong Woo Choi, Nadia G. Hashoush, Diana Babayan, Mahsa Malekmohammadi, Nader Pouratian, Vassilios Christopoulos
Summary: This study develops a computational theory that models the mechanism of action regulation and explains how disruption of this mechanism can lead to motor deficits in Parkinson's disease patients. The results suggest an integrated mechanism of action regulation that affects both action initiation and inhibition. The model provides insights into the circuit computations underlying action regulation and has implications for therapeutic interventions for diseases involving this circuit.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Charles Guan, Tyson Aflalo, Kelly Kadlec, Jorge Gamez de Leon, Emily R. Rosario, Ausaf Bari, Nader Pouratian, Richard A. Andersen
Summary: This study aims to enable neural control of individual prosthetic fingers for paralyzed participants. By implanting neural arrays in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), researchers were able to accurately decode attempted finger movements and achieve control of individual fingers through a brain-machine interface (BMI). The study also identified neural signals in the brain that are linked to finger movements. These findings have significant implications for hand restoration strategies in individuals with tetraplegia.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)