Article
Neurosciences
Haley Jeanette, Leandro N. Marziali, Urja Bhatia, Abigail Hellman, Jacob Herron, Ashley M. Kopec, Maria Laura Feltri, Yannick Poitelon, Sophie Belin
Summary: YAP and TAZ, effectors of the Hippo pathway, play a regulatory role in the proliferation and differentiation of repair Schwann cells during peripheral nerve regeneration, contributing to remyelination over time.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose A. Gomez-Sanchez, Nikiben Patel, Fernanda Martirena, Shaline Fazal, Clara Mutschler, Hugo Cabedo
Summary: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) has superior regenerative capacity compared to the central nervous system (CNS). This regenerative ability is attributed to the reprogramming of Schwann cells (SC) into repair Schwann cells, which support axonal growth, myelin degradation, neurotrophic factor secretion, and axonal growth guidance. Epigenetic regulations, particularly histone acetylation and deacetylation, play a crucial role in SC reprogramming and nerve regeneration. This review focuses on Zn2+-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) and their importance in repair SC biology and remyelination after PNS injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alan Pestronk, Robert E. Schmidt, Robert Bucelli, Julia Sim
Summary: This study examined the protein components of Schwann cells and myelin in normal and diseased human peripheral nerves, and found that the molecular composition of the central nervous system varies with age, axon size, and nerve pathology.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tarika Goncalves do Carmo Oliveira, Ana Claudia Moreira dos Santos, Alex Dias Assis, Raphael Teixeira Borges, Jessica Regina da Costa Silva, Carlos Ueira-Vieira, Gustavo Ferreira Simoes, Renata Graciele Zanon
Summary: The combination of BthTL glue and TNF mimetic peptide promoted axonal regrowth and remyelination, leading to better regeneration outcomes. The Tube + Glue + Pep group exhibited intense inflammatory infiltrate, higher expression of NGFRp75 receptor, increased myelin thickness and fiber diameter, as well as more type III collagen deposition.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
YiMing Yuan, Yan Wang, ShanHong Wu, Ming Yue Zhao
Summary: Traumatic peripheral nerve injury is a common and significant clinical problem that can result in functional impairment and permanent disability. Despite advancements in diagnostic procedures and surgical techniques, recovery after peripheral nerve repair is often unsatisfactory. Understanding the role of myelin and myelination in the peripheral nervous system is crucial for promoting nerve regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jean-Gael Barbara
Summary: This paper examines the epistemological history of physiological tissue regeneration theories, focusing on early clinical observations, microscopic investigations, and the molecular aspects of peripheral nerve regeneration. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the rich past and conducting novel experiments to gain a better understanding of nervous regeneration and its application in medicine.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mar Bosch-Queralt, Robert Fledrich, Ruth M. Stassart
Summary: The Schwann cell (SC), a glial cell in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), is highly versatile in its functions. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the survival of neurons and guiding their axonal development. SCs also contribute to the structural organization of nerves, including blood vessels and various layers. They are involved in myelination of large axons and organization of non-myelinating bundles. SCs have diverse specialized functions in specific locations, such as the neuromuscular junction and cutaneous sensory end organs. They also interact closely with sensory and autonomic neurons. In response to nerve injuries, SCs exhibit remarkable plasticity and transform into repair cells that promote nerve regeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these functions are still not fully understood.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Sergio Velasco-Aviles, Nikiben Patel, Angeles Casillas-Bajo, Laura Frutos-Rincon, Enrique Velasco, Juana Gallar, Peter Arthur-Farraj, Jose A. Gomez-Sanchez, Hugo Cabedo
Summary: This study uncovers a finely tuned compensatory mechanism within the class IIa histone deacetylase family, coordinated by distinct transcription factors, that guarantees the ability of Schwann cells to myelinate during development and remyelinate after nerve injury.
Article
Neurosciences
Deepak Prasad Gupta, Anup Bhusal, Md Habibur Rahman, Jae-Hong Kim, Youngshik Choe, Jaemyung Jang, Hyun Jin Jung, Un-Kyung Kim, Jin-Sung Park, Lee-so Maeng, Kyoungho Suk, Gyun Jee Song
Summary: This study reveals the essential role of EBP50 in the repair function of Schwann cells and regeneration following nerve injury. EBP50 deficiency leads to deficits in Schwann cell functions and delays nerve repair and functional recovery. Additionally, EBP50 enhances regeneration by binding and activating ErbB2.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yunsong Zhang, Yinying Shen, Li Zhao, Qian Zhao, Lili Zhao, Sheng Yi
Summary: Nerve injury-induced Schwann cell dedifferentiation promotes axon growth by creating a favorable microenvironment. Transcription factor BCL11A plays a crucial role in Schwann cell reprogramming during peripheral nerve regeneration. Silencing Bcl11a reduces Schwann cell viability, proliferation, migration rates, and debris clearance ability. Bcl11a deficiency leads to restricted axon elongation and myelin wrapping, resulting in failed recovery. Mechanistically, BCL11A regulates Schwann cell activity by binding to the Nr2f2 promoter and modulating Nr2f2 expression. In conclusion, BCL11A is essential for Schwann cell activation and peripheral nerve regeneration, making it a potential therapeutic target for peripheral nerve injury treatment.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Lauren E. Limbach, Rocky L. Penick, Rudy S. Casseday, Maddelyn A. Hyland, Erika A. Pontillo, Afomia N. Ayele, Kristen M. Pitts, Sarah D. Ackerman, Breanne L. Harty, Amy L. Herbert, Kelly R. Monk, Sarah C. Petersen
Summary: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) in vertebrates is a complex network that plays a crucial role in transmitting sensory and motor information throughout the body. This study focused on a zebrafish mutant, stl159, and identified the tcf15 gene as a key factor in PNS development. The findings suggest that tcf15 regulates peripheral nerve patterning through non-cell autonomous mechanisms during muscle development.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Natasha Sukhanov, Anya Vainshtein, Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Elior Peles
Summary: Cell adhesion proteins of the Cadm family play a crucial role in myelination and axonal organization. The study reveals that Cadm3 is the main axonal ligand for glial Cadm4, and the combined action of Cadm2 and Cadm1 can compensate for its absence. Genetic ablation of all three Cadm genes phenocopies the abnormalities detected in the absence of Cadm4, indicating their interplay in regulating myelination and axonal organization.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaxian Wang, Fuchao Zhang, Yunsong Zhang, Qi Shan, Wei Liu, Fengyuan Zhang, Feiyu Zhang, Sheng Yi
Summary: Research findings indicate that Btc plays essential roles in regulating Schwann cell migration and axon elongation, suggesting the potential application of Btc as a regenerative strategy for treating peripheral nerve injury.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jue Ling, Chang He, Shuxuan Zhang, Yahong Zhao, Meifeng Zhu, Xiaoxuan Tang, Qiaoyuan Li, Liming Xu, Yumin Yang
Summary: This article provides an overview of evaluation methods used to study scaffold-based therapies for peripheral nerve injury (PNI) in experimental animal models, with particular focus on Schwann cell functions and axonal growth within the regenerated nerve.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lixia Li, Yizhou Xu, Xianghai Wang, Jingmin Liu, Xiaofang Hu, Dandan Tan, Zhenlin Li, Jiasong Guo
Summary: Ascorbic acid accelerates Wallerian degeneration by promoting the degradation of axons and myelin in injured nerves, inducing Schwann cell dedifferentiation, and enhancing macrophage recruitment and phagocytosis.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)