Article
Neurosciences
Daming Li, Christos Constantinidis, John D. Murray
Summary: This study investigates the neural encoding of working memory delay activity, and findings from single-neuron spike-train data indicate that intermittent burst firing is not a major contributor to this process.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shane D. McKeon, Finnegan Calabro, Ryan V. Thorpe, Alethia de la Fuente, Will Foran, Ashley C. Parr, Stephanie R. Jones, Beatriz Luna
Summary: Adolescence is a stage of development characterized by neurodevelopmental specialization of cognitive processes, specifically improvement in working memory. Human electroencephalogram (EEG) studies indicate that gamma oscillations support working memory maintenance. However, developmental differences in gamma events during working memory have not been studied.
Review
Neurosciences
Clayton E. Curtis, Thomas C. Sprague
Summary: This article reviews two major research directions on the neural mechanisms of WM, discussing the relationship between classic theories and emerging neuroimaging studies, and pointing out the importance of these studies for WM theory as well as the challenges they pose.
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel B. Ehrlich, John D. Murray
Summary: This article proposes a neural representational strategy of contingency representations that can unify working memory, planning, and context-dependent decision-making. Experimental results show that human behavior is consistent with these representations, rather than traditional sensory models of working memory.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Eugene Tan, Debora Correa, Thomas Stemler, Michael Small
Summary: Assessing model accuracy for complex systems often requires calculating dynamical invariants, but existing methods struggle with noise and error detection. Using persistent homology point summary to evaluate model learning quality can effectively identify successful dynamic learning models and detect discrepancies in manifold density distribution.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ramtin Gharleghi, Arcot Sowmya, Susann Beier
Summary: In this study, a deep learning technique was proposed as an alternative method to calculate blood flow-induced shear stresses in coronary bifurcations. The model showed high fidelity predictions and significantly reduced computational cost compared to traditional computational fluid dynamics methods.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Emma -Jane Mallas, Nikos Gorgoraptis, Sophie Dautricourt, Yoni Pertzov, Gregory Scott, David J. Sharp
Summary: Associative binding is disrupted during post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). This disruption is caused by pathological slowing of brain activity, leading to misbinding in working memory. The study found that PTA patients showed abnormalities in working memory function and made more misbinding errors than controls. Slow-wave activity and increased low-frequency power were associated with binding impairment in working memory. Connectivity changes in TBI did not contribute to binding impairment. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of associative binding in memory function and its disruption in PTA following TBI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chunhao Zhang, Ran Liu, Kaige Liu, Xinting Yang, Huiying Liu, Ming Diao, Ming Li
Summary: This study utilized a 2D computational fluid dynamics model to estimate the distribution of cucumber leaf condensation in a solar greenhouse in Beijing. Through comparison of simulation and observational results, it was found that the 2D CFD model combined with the relative humidity threshold method could accurately estimate the leaf wetness duration.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel J. Rosenkrantz, Anil Vullikanti, S. S. Ravi, Richard E. Stearns, Simon Levin, H. Vincent Poor, Madhav Marathe
Summary: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic highlights the importance of reliable forecasting models for decision makers. However, forecasting contagion dynamics remains challenging due to complex behavioral responses, data uncertainty, stochastic processes, and the sensitivity of disease parameters to environmental changes. This study offers a rigorous explanation of the difficulty in short-term forecasting on networked populations using computational complexity concepts and develops efficient algorithms or approximation algorithms for restricted versions of forecasting problems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kirsten C. S. Adam, Rosanne L. L. Rademaker, John T. T. Serences
Summary: In this perspective, the authors discuss the tendency to use oversimplified and idiosyncratic tasks in the study of working memory. They highlight the importance of distributed, dynamic neural codes and the limitations of simplified tasks in understanding neural computations supporting behavior. The insights from Mark Stokes' work have pushed the field to explore multidimensional dynamics and move beyond static measures of working memory.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Govind Harikumar, Lu Shen, Kai Wang, Swapnil Dubey, Fei Duan
Summary: A transient simulation of a hybrid thermoacoustic system is used to study temporal evolution of flow structures as well as the velocity and temperature variations within the channels of the stack. The simulation results show the presence of a residual vortex layer inside the channel, and the velocity and temperature variations are more prominent at resonance frequencies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Meng Guo, Cheng Liu, Shiqi Liu, Jiahua Zhang, Zhifang Ke, Qingdong Yan, Boo Cheong Khoo
Summary: This study proposed and developed a visualization experimental system to investigate the cavitation properties of viscous fluids, and a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on the finite volume method (FVM) to study the cavitation characteristics and unsteady cavitation behaviors. The results showed that cavitation started on the suction surface of the hydrofoil near the head, and the critical cavitation number and the critical velocity were 5.2 and 10 m/s at an operating pressure of zero. The cavitation process of the viscous oil around the hydrofoil was highly unstable and periodic, with an evolution frequency of 47 Hz.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Minhui Xie, Youyou Lu, Qing Wang, Yangyang Feng, Jiaqiang Liu, Kai Ren, Jiwu Shu
Summary: Embedding models are frequently used for learning high-dimensional sparse data, but traditional deployment in DRAM parameter servers faces storage cost and recovery time challenges due to increasing model capacity. The emergence of Persistent Memory (PM) offers the potential to overcome these challenges, although high read latency and heavy CPU burden remain issues. In order to address these challenges, PETPS, a PM parameter server, has been introduced and deployed by Kuaishou since 2020, demonstrating improved throughput and reduced latency without performance degradation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE VLDB ENDOWMENT
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Gigi F. Stark, Emily W. Avery, Monica D. Rosenberg, Abigail S. Greene, Siyuan Gao, Dustin Scheinost, R. Todd Constable, Marvin M. Chun, Kwangsun Yoo
Summary: The study analyzed the extent to which whole-brain functional connectivity observed during completion of an N-back memory task can predict both working memory and episodic memory. Results showed that functional connectivity observed during the N-back task performance predicted out-of-scanner working memory scores and episodic memory scores to a lesser extent.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Jie Chen, Min Zhu, Rikui Zhang, Jingyin Li
Summary: The transient launching process of a torpedo in a deep-sea simulator is a complex problem, involving fluid-solid coupling, projectile movement, and gap flow. This study improves the accuracy of computation results by considering the complete inner structure of the launching channel and using advanced mesh update methods. The acoustic computations based on the simulated flow field provide insights into the acoustic characteristics of launching noise.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Leo Kozachkov, Mikael Lundqvist, Jean-Jacques Slotine, Earl K. Miller
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Takuya Ito, Scott L. Brincat, Markus Siegel, Ravi D. Mill, Biyu J. He, Earl K. Miller, Horacio G. Rotstein, Michael W. Cole
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Scott L. Brincat, Jacob A. Donoghue, Meredith K. Mahnke, Simon Kornblith, Mikael Lundqvist, Earl K. Miller
Summary: Research shows that visual working memory storage is largely independent between the left and right cerebral hemispheres, but memory integration involves transfer and convergence across hemispheres. During memory transfer, synchronization between the two hemispheres peaks at specific frequencies, facilitating the transfer of memory traces.
Article
Neurosciences
Behzad Iravani, Artin Arshamian, Mikael Lundqvist, Leslie M. Kay, Donald A. Wilson, Johan N. Lundstrom
Summary: Neuronal oscillations facilitate bidirectional information flow between the olfactory bulb (OB) and piriform cortex (PC) in healthy humans, aiding in odor perception. Data demonstrate that odor identity can be decoded from neural oscillations as early as 100 ms after odor onset.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Indie C. Garwood, Sourish Chakravarty, Jacob Donoghue, Meredith Mahnke, Pegah Kahali, Shubham Chamadia, Oluwaseun Akeju, Earl K. Miller, Emery N. Brown
Summary: This study quantified the neural activity induced by Ketamine and provided detailed descriptions of the spectroscopic features in non-human primates and human patients. The findings can facilitate the development of neurophysiological mechanistic models of Ketamine and biomarker discovery for clinical anesthesia monitoring.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sayak Bhattacharya, Scott L. Brincat, Mikael Lundqvist, Earl K. Miller
Summary: This study reveals the organization of neural oscillations as traveling waves in the prefrontal cortex, with modulation during working memory tasks.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
David L. Baracka, Earl K. Miller, Christopher Moore, Adam M. Packer, Luiz Pessoa, Lauren N. Ross, Nicole C. Rust
Summary: This article discusses the various concepts and naming of "causality" in neuroscience and proposes four ways to enhance clarity around causality.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Leo Kozachkov, John Tauber, Mikael Lundqvist, Scott L. Brincat, Jean-Jacques Slotine, Earl K. Miller
Summary: Research suggests that short-term synaptic plasticity (STSP) is important for maintaining working memory and making neural networks more brain-like. Artificial neural networks with STSP showed better performance in maintaining memories and resisting network degradation compared to networks without STSP.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Roser Sanchez-Todo, Andre M. Bastos, Edmundo Lopez-Sola, Borja Mercadal, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Earl K. Miller, Gustavo Deco, Giulio Ruffini
Summary: In this study, a new framework called laminar neural mass models (LaNMM) is proposed to simulate electrophysiological measurements by combining conduction physics with NMMs. Using this framework, the location of oscillatory generators in the prefrontal cortex of the macaque monkey is inferred from laminar-resolved data. A minimal model capable of generating coupled slow and fast oscillations is defined, and LaNMM-specific parameters are optimized to fit the recorded data. The functional connectivity (FC) of the model and data are evaluated using an optimization function, and the family of best solutions reproduces the observed FC by selecting specific locations of pyramidal cells and their synapses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mikael Lundqvist, Scott L. Brincat, Jonas Rose, Melissa R. Warden, Timothy J. Buschman, Earl K. Miller, Pawel Herman
Summary: Working memory is achieved through interactions between beta and gamma oscillations, which allow the spatial flow of item-specific activity across the network. This spatial flow is independent of the detailed recurrent connectivity supporting the item-specific activity, and control-related information is stored in the spatial activity. Analysis of local field potentials and neuronal spiking confirms these predictions. Spatial computing can facilitate generalization and zero-shot learning by utilizing spatial component as an additional information encoding dimension.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Indie C. Garwood, Alex J. Major, Marc-Joseph Antonini, Josefina Correa, Youngbin Lee, Atharva Sahasrabudhe, Meredith K. Mahnke, Earl K. Miller, Emery N. Brown, Polina Anikeeva
Summary: This study successfully translates multifunctional fiber neurotechnology from rodent studies to macaque studies, enabling cortical and subcortical neural recording and modulation. By recording and analyzing the electrophysiological changes during a working memory task, the researchers uncover the reshaping process of neural activity under local inhibition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sourish Chakravarty, Jacob Donoghue, Ayan S. Waite, Meredith Mahnke, Indie C. Garwood, Sebastian Gallo, Earl K. Miller, Emery N. Brown
Summary: Research has shown that unconsciousness under general anesthesia can be reliably tracked using real-time electroencephalogram processing. To aid patient management during surgery, a closed-loop anesthesia delivery system was implemented in nonhuman primates, which accurately controlled the level of unconsciousness. The system demonstrated superior performance and established critical steps for designing and testing closed-loop anesthesia delivery systems in humans.
Article
Neurosciences
Nathanael A. Cruzado, Zoran Tiganj, Scott L. Brincat, Earl K. Miller, Marc W. Howard
