Article
Cell Biology
Yasuhiro Itoh, Vibhu Sahni, Sara J. Shnider, Holly McKee, Jeffrey D. Macklis
Summary: How CNS circuits form spatially and functionally organized domains is not well understood. The segmental specificity of corticospinal connectivity exemplifies the regional specificity of axon projections. Multiple molecularly distinct subpopulations of corticospinal neurons innervate the cervical cord for enhanced precision of forelimb movement.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yasufumi Hayano, Yugo Ishino, Jung Ho Hyun, Carlos G. Orozco, Andre Steinecke, Elizabeth Potts, Yasuhiro Oisi, Connon Thomas, Debbie Guerrero-Given, Eunjoon Kim, Hyung-Bae Kwon, Naomi Kamasawa, Hiroki Taniguchi
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of IgSF11 homophilic adhesion proteins in a specific subtype of inhibitory interneurons, showing that loss of this protein affects synaptic development and connectivity in a specific layer. Overexpression of IgSF11 enhances presynaptic boutons in chandelier cells, while its expression in nontarget layers leads to ectopic synapse formation. These findings suggest that synapse-promoting adhesion proteins play a crucial role in determining layer-specific synaptic connectivity in cortical interneuron subtypes.
Article
Cell Biology
Christopher T. Primiani, Jennifer K. Lee, Caitlin E. O'Brien, May W. Chen, Jamie Perin, Ewa Kulikowicz, Polan Santos, Shawn Adams, Bailey Lester, Natalia Rivera-Diaz, Valerie Olberding, Mark V. Niedzwiecki, Eva K. Ritzl, Christa W. Habela, Xiuyun Liu, Zeng-Jin Yang, Raymond C. Koehler, Lee J. Martin
Summary: The effects of hypothermia on neonatal encephalopathy can vary in different areas of the neocortex and are influenced by seizures. The study found that hypothermia can attenuate neocortical neuropathology and protect certain areas of the cortex. However, it was also observed that hypothermia does not mitigate seizure burden and does not restore the depletion of a specific RNA splicing protein.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Giorgio Conte, Valeria Elisa Contarino, Silvia Casale, Claudia Morelli, Sara Sbaraini, Elisa Scola, Francesca Trogu, Silvia Siggillino, Claudia Maria Cinnante, Luca Caschera, Francesco Maria Lo Russo, Fabio Maria Triulzi, Vincenzo Silani
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether magnetic susceptibility varies according to ALS phenotypes based on UMN/LMN sign predominance. Results showed significant differences in susceptibility properties of the precentral cortex among different clinical ALS phenotypes. Combined MRI-histopathology investigations are needed to confirm the evidence of iron overload in UMN-ALS unlike in LMN-ALS.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nikolaus R. Wagner, Ashis Sinha, Verl Siththanandan, Angelica M. Kowalchuk, Jessica L. MacDonald, Suzanne Tharin
Summary: This study reveals the important role of miR-409-3p in the development of callosal neurons, which controls intermediate progenitor cell numbers and callosal fate by directly repressing Cited2. The overexpression of miR-409-3p promotes the expression of corticospinal projection neurons and reduces the expression of callosal projection neurons.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jae-Hyun Kim, Dong-Hyun Ma, Eunji Jung, Ilsong Choi, Seung-Hee Lee
Summary: In this study, Kim et al. found that visual inputs trigger gated feedforward inhibition of ACC neurons, which disinhibits striatal motor neurons and initiates precise responses in mice performing a visual Go/No-go task. The characteristics of ACC neurons can predict response times in mice, and optogenetic activation of visual inputs in the ACC prompts task-relevant actions by suppressing ACC motor neurons and disinhibiting downstream striatal neurons.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Conte Giorgio, Sbaraini Sara, Morelli Claudia, Casale Silvia, Caschera Luca, Contarino Valeria Elisa, Scola Elisa, Cinnante Claudia, Trogu Francesca, Triulzi Fabio, Silani Vincenzo
Summary: The study aims to differentiate ALS and its subtypes from ALS mimics and healthy controls based on the assessment of iron-related hypointensity of the primary motor cortex in SWI. The Motor Cortex Susceptibility (MCS) score was significantly higher in the ALS group compared to healthy controls and ALS-mimicking disorder groups, with potential diagnostic utility.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wuzhou Yang, Harsh Kanodia, Silvia Arber
Summary: The study reveals the anatomical and functional connections between the cortical regions and medulla in mice, showing that distinct cortical regions generate synaptic columns in the lateral medulla that match the positions of postsynaptic neurons tuned to specific forelimb action phases. Additionally, cortical neurons extend collaterals to other subcortical structures through a segregated channel interaction logic. The findings clarify the interaction principles between the cortical and medulla structures.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Hawrylycz, Maryann E. Martone, Giorgio A. Ascoli, Jan G. Bjaalie, Hong-Wei Dong, Satrajit S. Ghosh, Jesse Gillis, Ronna Hertzano, David R. Haynor, Patrick R. Hof, Yongsoo Kim, Ed Lein, Yufeng Liu, Jeremy A. Miller, Partha P. Mitra, Eran Mukamel, Lydia Ng, David Osumi-Sutherland, Hanchuan Peng, Patrick L. Ray, Raymond Sanchez, Aviv Regev, Alex Ropelewski, Richard H. Scheuermann, Shawn Zheng Kai Tan, Carol L. Thompson, Timothy Tickle, Hagen Tilgner, Merina Varghese, Brock Wester, Owen White, Hongkui Zeng, Brian Aevermann, David Allemang, Seth Ament, Thomas L. Athey, Cody Baker, Katherine S. Baker, Pamela M. Baker, Anita Bandrowski, Samik Banerjee, Prajal Bishwakarma, Ambrose Carr, Min Chen, Roni Choudhury, Jonah Cool, Heathe Creasy, Florence D'Orazi, Kylee Degatano, Benjamin Dichter, Song-Lin Ding, Tim Dolbeare, Joseph R. Ecker, Rongxin Fang, Jean-Christophe Fillion-Robin, Timothy P. Fliss, James Gee, Tom Gillespie, Nathan Gouwens, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Yaroslav O. Halchenko, Nomi L. Harris, Brian R. Herb, Houri Hintiryan, Gregory Hood, Sam Horvath, Bingxing Huo, Dorota Jarecka, Shengdian Jiang, Farzaneh Khajouei, Elizabeth A. Kiernan, Huseyin Kir, Lauren Kruse, Changkyu Lee, Boudewijn Lelieveldt, Yang Li, Hanqing Liu, Lijuan Liu, Anup Markuhar, James Mathews, Kaylee L. Mathews, Chris Mezias, Michael I. Miller, Tyler Mollenkopf, Shoaib Mufti, Christopher J. Mungall, Joshua Orvis, Maja A. Puchades, Lei Qu, Joseph P. Receveur, Bing Ren, Nathan Sjoquist, Brian Staats, Daniel Tward, Cindy T. J. van Velthoven, Quanxin Wang, Fangming Xie, Hua Xu, Zizhe Yao, Zhixi Yun, Yun Renee Zhang, W. Jim Zheng, Brian Zingg
Summary: The BICCN is a comprehensive network aiming to systematically profile and characterize cell types in the brain using multimodal approaches. It provides a guide to cellular and spatial methods employed by the network and highlights analysis and visualization tools. The emerging standards of the BICCN ecosystem align with the principles of FAIR neuroscience.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuka Nakamura, Masaki Ueno, Jesse K. Niehaus, Richard A. Lang, Yi Zheng, Yutaka Yoshida
Summary: Deleting RhoA and RhoC genes to eliminate extrinsic inhibitory pathways, as well as deleting the PTEN gene to enhance intrinsic regenerative response, were found to promote neural circuit rewiring through a combinatorial approach. While this method increased the potential for rewiring, it did not significantly impact axon regrowth across the lesion and motor recovery.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cecilia Simonini, Elisabetta Zucchi, Roberta Bedin, Ilaria Martinelli, Giulia Gianferrari, Nicola Fini, Gianni Soraru, Rocco Liguori, Veria Vacchiano, Jessica Mandrioli
Summary: The study found that CSF pNfH is significantly higher in classic and UMNp-ALS patients, and can differentiate them from UMN diseases with a better prognosis such as PLS and hSP. CSF pNfH independently predicted survival in UMN patients and classic/bulbar ALS, while in UMNp-ALS patients, the progression rate and presence of multifocal fasciculations were independent prognostic factors.
Article
Neurosciences
Olivia K. Swanson, Rosa Semaan, Arianna Maffei
Summary: The study found that D1 and D2 receptor antagonism affects M1 pyramidal neurons in different ways. The effects of acute D1 antagonism were primarily driven by changes to intrinsic properties, while excitability shifts following D2 antagonism relied on synaptic transmission.
Article
Neurosciences
Ming Zhang, Cong Li, Qian Xue, Chang-Bo Lu, Huan Zhao, Fan-Cheng Meng, Ying Zhang, Sheng-Xi Wu, Yan Zhang, Hui Xu
Summary: The study explores the role of the endogenous cannabinoid system in the rostral agranular insular cortex (RAIC) in pain modulation. The findings suggest that the endogenous cannabinoids may have a role in regulating pain in the RAIC under neuropathic pain conditions.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Justin L. Shobe, Elissa J. Donzis, Kwang Lee, Samiksha Chopra, Sotiris C. Masmanidis, Carlos Cepeda, Michael S. Levine
Summary: Research suggests that impaired cortical and thalamic responses to reward stimuli, as well as impaired thalamocortical coherence, may play an important role in motor, cognitive, and learning deficits in Huntington's disease patients.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rihui Li, Jennifer L. Bruno, Tracy Jordan, Jonas G. Miller, Cindy H. Lee, Kristi L. Bartholomay, Matthew J. Marzelli, Aaron Piccirilli, Amy A. Lightbody, Allan L. Reiss
Summary: This study reveals a specific pattern of brain activation and habituation in response to face stimuli in young girls with fragile X syndrome (FXS) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The findings strongly support the hypothesis of neural hyperactivation and accentuated sensitization during face processing in FXS, which could be developed as a biomarker for evaluating treatment trials in girls with this condition.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gustav Y. Cederquist, James J. Asciolla, Jason Tchieu, Ryan M. Walsh, Daniela Cornacchia, Marilyn D. Resh, Lorenz Studer
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Gustav Y. Cederquist, Jason Tchieu, Scott J. Callahan, Kiran Ramnarine, Sean Ryan, Chao Zhang, Chelsea Rittenhouse, Nadja Zeltner, Sun Young Chung, Ting Zhou, Shuibing Chen, Doron Betel, Richard M. White, Mark Tomishima, Lorenz Studer
Review
Neurosciences
Ayesha R. Thanawalla, Albert I. Chen, Eiman Azim
Letter
Oncology
M. C. Tjong, F. Y. Moraes, Y. Yamada, S. Brar, G. Y. Cederquist, E. Yorke, A. M. Schmitt, D. B. Shultz (Dave)
Article
Developmental Biology
Veena Kinare, Archana Iyer, Hari Padmanabhan, Geeta Godbole, Tooba Khan, Zeba Khatri, Upasana Maheshwari, Bhavana Muralidharan, Shubha Tole
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Vidya Padmanabhan Nair, Hengyuan Liu, Gabriele Ciceri, Johannes Jungverdorben, Goar Frishman, Jason Tchieu, Gustav Y. Cederquist, Ina Rothenaigner, Kenji Schorpp, Lena Klepper, Ryan M. Walsh, Tae Wan Kim, Daniela Cornacchia, Andreas Ruepp, Jens Mayer, Kamyar Hadian, Dmitrij Frishman, Lorenz Studer, Michelle Vincendeau
Summary: Elevated HERV-K (HML-2) transcription is detrimental to the development and function of cortical neurons, with dopaminergic neurons being unaffected. The effects are associated with hyperactivation of NTRK3 expression, revealing a cell-type-specific role for HERV-K (HML-2) in cortical neuron development.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ehsan Noor-Mohammadi, Casey Owen Ligon, Kimberly Mackenzie, Jennifer Stratton, Sara Shnider, Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld
Summary: The study demonstrated that inhibiting peripheral CGRP signaling could reverse colonic hypersensitivity induced by chronic adult stress or early life stress. Inhibition of peripheral CGRP signaling reduced central sensitization and alleviated stress-induced visceral pain.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aloysius Y. T. Low, Nitsan Goldstein, Jessica R. Gaunt, Kuei-Pin Huang, Norliyana Zainolabidin, Alaric K. K. Yip, Jamie R. E. Carty, Ju Y. Choi, Alekso M. Miller, Helen S. T. Ho, Clara Lenherr, Nicholas Baltar, Eiman Azim, October M. Sessions, Toh Hean Ch'ng, Amanda S. Bruce, Laura E. Martin, Mark A. Halko, Roscoe O. Brady, Laura M. Holsen, Amber L. Alhadeff, Albert Chen, J. Nicholas Betley
Summary: Activity in anterior deep cerebellar nuclei reduces food consumption in mice without reducing metabolic rate, potentially identifying a therapeutic target for disorders involving excessive eating. The study defines a conserved satiation center that may represent a novel therapeutic target for the management of excessive eating.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James M. Conner, Andrew Bohannon, Masakazu Igarashi, James Taniguchi, Nicholas Baltar, Eiman Azim
Summary: This study reveals that tactile afferents in mouse recruit neurons in the brainstem cuneate nucleus, which are modulated by local inhibitory neurons. Manipulation of these inhibitory circuits can affect the transmission of tactile information and manual behaviors. Additionally, top-down cortical pathways innervate cuneate in a complementary pattern, contributing to the execution of dexterous movement.
Article
Cell Biology
Vibhu Sahni, Sara J. Shnider, Denis Jabaudon, Janet H. T. Song, Yasuhiro Itoh, Luciano C. Greig, Jeffrey D. Macklis
Summary: Distinct subpopulations of corticospinal neurons show specificity in axon targeting in spinal white matter during development, laying the foundation for specificity in adult corticospinal circuitry. These subpopulations are molecularly distinct from early stages of axon extension, enabling prospective identification even before definitive targeting decisions are made in the spinal cord. This molecular differentiation goes beyond just spatial separation in the cortex, providing insights into candidate molecular controls over segmentally specific corticospinal axon projection targeting.
Article
Cell Biology
Vibhu Sahni, Yasuhiro Itoh, Sara J. Shnider, Jeffrey D. Macklis
Summary: This study identified molecular controls, such as Crim1 and Klhl14, that play critical roles in directing corticospinal axons to specific spinal segmental levels. These findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of descending spinal projections and contribute to a better understanding of diverse circuitry in the central nervous system.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kee Wui Huang, Eiman Azim
Article
Cell Biology
Yasuhiro Itoh, Vibhu Sahni, Sara J. Shnider, Holly McKee, Jeffrey D. Macklis
Summary: How CNS circuits form spatially and functionally organized domains is not well understood. The segmental specificity of corticospinal connectivity exemplifies the regional specificity of axon projections. Multiple molecularly distinct subpopulations of corticospinal neurons innervate the cervical cord for enhanced precision of forelimb movement.
Article
Cell Biology
Pierre Karashchuk, Katie L. Rupp, Evyn S. Dickinson, Sarah Walling-Bell, Elischa Sanders, Eiman Azim, Bingni W. Brunton, John C. Tuthill
Summary: Anipose is an open-source toolkit for robust markerless 3D pose estimation, built on the 2D tracking method DeepLabCut. It enables users to expand existing experimental setups for accurate 3D tracking. Analysis of 3D leg kinematics tracked with Anipose reveals the key role of joint rotation in motor control of fly walking.
Review
Physiology
Eiman Azim, Kazuhiko Seki
CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)