Article
Neurosciences
Elliot Murphy, Oscar Woolnough, Patrick S. Rollo, Zachary J. Roccaforte, Katrien Segaert, Peter Hagoort, Nitin Tandon
Summary: The ability to understand phrases is an important function of the brain. This study investigated the neural processes involved in transitioning from single-word processing to minimal compositional schemes. The findings suggest that the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) is a specialized region in the brain that encodes both lower and higher level linguistic features, forming the basis for hierarchically organized linguistic structures.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel S. Weisholtz, Gabriel Kreiman, David A. Silbersweig, Emily Stern, Brannon Cha, Tracy Butler
Summary: This study found that emotional valence can be decoded from intracranial electroencephalography signals in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex and middle temporal gyrus, suggesting the presence of task-independent emotional valence information in these regions.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Natalie Schaworonkow, Bradley Voytek
Summary: Invasive electrophysiological recordings of human brain activity can capture a variety of neural oscillations with overlap in space and time. By using spatial filters, researchers can explore variability in oscillation presence across subjects, as well as spatial spread and waveform shapes of different rhythms. Improved measurement of cortical rhythms through data-driven referencing schemes can enhance understanding of brain activity and behavior.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Lucia Ricciardi, Matthew Apps, Simon Little
Summary: Neuropsychiatric mood and motivation symptoms in Parkinson's disease are highly disabling and difficult to treat. High-resolution intracranial recording techniques can uncover network dysfunction and cognitive processes underlying these symptoms, potentially leading to principled therapy development.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Anup Das, Carlo de los Angeles, Vinod Menon
Summary: This study investigates the electrophysiological organization of the human default mode network (DMN) using intracranial EEG recordings. The findings reveal increased intra-DMN phase synchronization in the slow-wave frequency range (<4 Hz) and higher interactions with other brain networks in the beta (12-30 Hz) and gamma (30-80 Hz) bands. The slow-wave intra-DMN synchronization is observed during resting-state and memory encoding and recall, and increases during successful memory retrieval. Nonlinear dynamic causal interactions analysis shows that the DMN acts as a causal outflow network during memory encoding and recall.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ro'ee Gilron, Simon Little, Randy Perrone, Robert Wilt, Coralie de Hemptinne, Maria S. Yaroshinsky, Caroline A. Racine, Sarah S. Wang, Jill L. Ostrem, Paul S. Larson, Doris D. Wang, Nick B. Galifianakis, Ian O. Bledsoe, Marta San Luciano, Heather E. Dawes, Gregory A. Worrell, Vaclav Kremen, David A. Borton, Timothy Denison, Philip A. Starr
Summary: The use of an implantable two-way neural interface enables wireless neural monitoring and stimulation for up to 15 months following implantation. This technological approach may have wide applicability to brain disorders treatable by invasive neuromodulation.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Minami Tagawa, Yuichi Takei, Yutaka Kato, Tomohiro Suto, Naruhito Hironaga, Takefumi Ohki, Yumiko Takahashi, Kazuyuki Fujihara, Noriko Sakurai, Koichi Ujita, Yoshito Tsushima, Masato Fukuda
Summary: This study used graph theory analysis to evaluate the characteristics of the resting-state network (RSN) in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and identified potential biomarkers of SZ. The study found that the local networks of SZ patients may disintegrate at both the microscale and macroscale levels, especially in the beta band. This study provides deeper insights into the pathophysiology of SZ as a 'dysconnection' syndrome.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuejun Li, Haitao Zhu, Qiqi Chen, Lu Yang, Fangqing Chen, Haiyan Ma, Honghao Xu, Kefan Chen, Jinxin Bu, Rui Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the immediate effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on brain network connectivity using magnetoencephalography. The results showed that VNS can decrease the synchronization of epileptic networks, increase network efficiency, reduce epileptic seizures, and improve cognitive function in epileptic patients.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kati Valkonen, Jyrki P. Makela, Katja Airaksinen, Jussi Nurminen, Riku Kivisaari, Hanna Renvall, Eero Pekkonen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of long-term subthalamic (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on auditory processing in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) using magnetoencephalography. The results showed that DBS significantly increased the contra-ipsilateral auditory response latency difference compared to the preoperative state, likely as a result of normalized neuronal asynchrony in the auditory pathways. The findings suggest that STN DBS in advanced PD patients has lasting effects on cortical areas beyond motor processing.
Article
Neurosciences
De-Feng Liu, Bao-Tian Zhao, Guan-Yu Zhu, Yu-Ye Liu, Yu-Tong Bai, Huan-Guang Liu, Yin Jiang, Xin Zhang, Hua Lin-Shi, Hua Zhang, An-Chao Yang, Jian-Guo Zhang
Summary: This study describes a synchronized intracranial EEG recording and motion capture system to explore the neural dynamics during walking of Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait. The results showed that beta power of STN LFP was higher during freezing episodes, and the coherence between ECoG and STN LFP was significantly increased during freezing periods. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the neural substrates underlying freezing of gait.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alberto Averna, Sara Marceglia, Mattia Arlotti, Marco Locatelli, Paolo Rampini, Alberto Priori, Tommaso Bocci
Summary: This study evaluated the spectrum of local field potentials (LFP) obtained from different contacts within the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease patients, and their correlations with clinical symptoms. The results showed differences in spectral patterns and correlations with motor symptoms between LFP12 and LFP03 before and after levodopa administration, suggesting potential for optimizing adaptive deep brain stimulation protocols for Parkinson's disease.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhenxiang Zang, Tianbin Song, Jiping Li, Binbin Nie, Shanshan Mei, Chun Zhang, Tao Wu, Yuqing Zhang, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates the information flow between brain regions in patients with Parkinson's disease using noninvasive F-18-FDG-PET/functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results show increased glucose metabolism and functional connectivity between the sensorimotor area and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in PD patients. The metabolic connectivity mapping (MCM) approach further reveals an exaggerated cortical input to the STN in PD, supporting the precentral gyrus as a treatment target.
Article
Neurosciences
Lucia K. Feldmann, Roxanne Lofredi, Wolf-Julian Neumann, Bassam Al-Fatly, Jan Roediger, Bahne H. Bahners, Petyo Nikolov, Timothy Denison, Assel Saryyeva, Joachim K. Krauss, Katharina Faust, Esther Florin, Alfons Schnitzler, Gerd-Helge Schneider, Andrea A. Kuehn
Summary: Adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) is a promising concept for feedback-based neurostimulation. This study aimed to characterize chronic electrophysiological activity during aDBS and validate beta-band activity as a biomarker for bradykinesia in Parkinson's patients. The results showed a suppression of low-beta activity with increasing stimulation intensity, and this activity was negatively correlated with movement speed and predicted velocity improvements.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vincenzo Levi, A. Franzini, S. Rinaldo, S. Coelli, A. M. Bianchi, A. Franzini, N. Nardocci, R. Eleopra, G. Zorzi
Summary: Limited data are available regarding the electrophysiology of status dystonicus. Our study showed differences in neuronal discharge rates between the right and left globus pallidus internus, with a predominance of bursting and irregular activity seen along trajectories on both sides. Further research is needed to confirm these results and understand the potential electrophysiological markers of dystonia and status dystonicus.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Anna Pavlova, Nikita Tyulenev, Vera Tretyakova, Valeriya Skavronskaya, Anastasia Nikolaeva, Andrey Prokofyev, Tatiana Stroganova, Boris Chernyshev
Summary: This study used MEG technology to investigate the dynamics of movement-related beta oscillations in the learning process. The results showed that beta oscillations undergo significant changes as learning progresses. In the early stages of learning, beta power is suppressed before movement initiation, while at later stages, there is an increase in beta power after correct motor response. These post-decision beta oscillations can predict trial-by-trial response times. This suggests that beta activity is crucial for a specific stage of learning and may be involved in strengthening newly learned associations in the brain.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karl Friston
Summary: This review explores computational psychiatry from the perspective of pathophysiology, using generative models to explain psychopathology. It discusses the brain from cognitive and computational neuroscience viewpoints, providing a formal description of neuronal message passing, distributed processing, and belief propagation in neuronal networks. It also examines how dysconnections in the brain can lead to abnormal belief updating and false inference, and explores the use of computational models in various psychiatric research areas, including computational neuropsychology, computational phenotyping, and computational nosology.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Yukiko Matsumoto, Satoshi Nishida, Ryusuke Hayashi, Shuraku Son, Akio Murakami, Naganobu Yoshikawa, Hiroyoshi Ito, Naoya Oishi, Naoki Masuda, Toshiya Murai, Karl Friston, Shinji Nishimoto, Hidehiko Takahashi
Summary: This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the large-scale network structures of concept representations in patients with schizophrenia and found that their semantic networks exhibited differences and were associated with thought disorders. This provides pathophysiological evidence for the loosening of associations in schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Natalie Kastel, Casper Hesp, K. Richard Ridderinkhof, Karl J. Friston
Summary: This paper proposes a testable deep active inference formulation of social behavior and conducts simulations of cumulative culture. By considering cultural transmission as a bi-directional process of communication and social exchange as a process of active inference, the study discovers that cumulative culture emerges from belief updating through a joint minimization of uncertainty.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROROBOTICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cam Bowie, Karl Friston
Summary: This study analyzed the COVID-19 epidemic in the past 12 months and made predictions for the next year based on this analysis. It found that changes in transmissibility and public behavior led to an underestimation of the severity of the epidemic in previous predictions. The projections indicate that the number of infections in the coming year will be three times larger than last year, leading to more deaths and economic consequences.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Helena Cockx, Robert Oostenveld, Merel Tabor, Ecaterina Savenco, Arne van Setten, Ian Cameron, Richard van Wezel
Summary: This study aimed to assess the ability of fNIRS to detect the leg area of the primary motor cortex (M1) and distinguish it from the hand area. It also evaluated the differentiation capability of fNIRS between automatic and non-automatic movement processes. The results indicated that fNIRS is sensitive to leg activity in M1, but with lower sensitivity compared to finger activity, and rigorous correction for systemic fluctuations is necessary.
Article
Neurosciences
R. L. Carhart-Harris, S. Chandaria, D. E. Erritzoe, A. Gazzaley, M. Girn, H. Kettner, P. A. M. Mediano, D. J. Nutt, F. E. Rosa, L. Roseman, C. Timmermann, B. Weiss, R. J. Zeifman, K. J. Friston
Summary: This theoretical article proposes a new model of a general factor of psychopathology, using the concept of 'canalization'. It distinguishes between two types of plasticity: 'TEMP' and 'canalization', which can be differentiated by their relationship to precision or inverse variance. The authors argue that 'pathological' phenotypes develop through mechanisms of canalization and increased model precision, as a response to adversity and distress. They suggest that TEMP, along with psychological support, can counter canalization and offer experiments and measures to test their hypotheses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arjan Hillebrand, Niall Holmes, Ndedi Sijsma, George C. C. O'Neill, Tim M. M. Tierney, Niels Liberton, Anine H. H. Stam, Nicole van Klink, Cornelis J. J. Stam, Richard Bowtell, Matthew J. J. Brookes, Gareth R. R. Barnes
Summary: Magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG/EEG) are important techniques for the diagnosis and pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy. However, current cryogen-based MEG systems have limitations, which can be overcome by using Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs) directly on the scalp. OPM-based MEG shows promise in improving signal-to-noise ratio, sensitivity to deep sources, and wearability, making it a potential alternative for epilepsy evaluation and diagnosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Correction
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Natalie Kastel, Casper Hesp, K. Richard Ridderinkhof, Karl J. Friston
FRONTIERS IN NEUROROBOTICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Zoe McParlin, Francesco Cerritelli, Andrea Manzotti, Karl J. Friston, Jorge E. Esteves
Summary: Therapeutic affective touch is crucial for survival, nurturing supportive interactions, and promoting overall health. This paper presents an integrative model that combines therapeutic touch and communication to achieve biobehavioural synchrony. It explains the neurophysiological and behavioural mechanisms of developing synchronous relationships through touch and emphasizes the importance of therapeutic touch in building a solid therapeutic alliance.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Achim Schilling, William Sedley, Richard Gerum, Claus Metzner, Konstantin Tziridis, Andreas Maier, Holger Schulze, Fan-Gang Zeng, Karl J. Friston, Patrick Krauss
Summary: This article reviews recent work at the intersection of artificial intelligence, psychology, and neuroscience, using tinnitus as an example of auditory phantom perception. The authors discuss the reasons behind the emergence of auditory phantom perceptions and their crucial role in healthy auditory perception. They propose that neural noise along the auditory pathway is generated as a compensatory mechanism and can be misinterpreted as auditory input, leading to tinnitus. The principles of predictive coding and adaptive stochastic resonance are identified as the most explanatory factors for phantom perceptions and may also improve machine learning techniques.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Denis Brouillet, Karl Friston
Summary: The brain is known to be a predictive organ that predicts sensory content and the accuracy of its predictions. It must infer the reliability of its own beliefs in order to predict the precision of its predictions. This recognition process leads to the concept of "fluency", which is the perception of having a precise understanding of sensory processes. Changes in fluency, from unfelt to felt, are recognized and realized when updating predictions about accuracy.
CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thomas Wirth, Francisca Ferreira, Nirosen Vijiaratnam, Christine Girges, Ashkan Pakzad, Alexis de Roquemaurel, Olga Sinani, Jonathan Hyam, Marwan Hariz, Ludvic Zrinzo, Harith Akram, Patricia Limousin, Thomas Foltynie
Summary: Severe postural tremor and less severe rest tremor are associated with poorer levodopa and STN-DBS response. Different brain locations are responsible for the correction of tremor and other parkinsonian features.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arjan Hillebrand, Niall Holmes, Ndedi Sijsma, George C. O'Neill, Tim M. Tierney, Niels Liberton, Anine H. Stam, Nicole van Klink, Cornelis J. Stam, Richard Bowtell, Matthew J. Brookes, Gareth R. Barnes
Summary: Magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG/EEG) are important techniques for the diagnosis and pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy. Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs) placed on the scalp improve signal-to-noise ratio and enable recordings during seizures. OPM-based MEG could be a more affordable alternative to current MEG systems, with increased sensitivity to deep sources.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biology
Karl Friston, Lancelot Da Costa, Dalton A. R. Sakthivadivel, Conor Heins, Grigorios A. Pavliotis, Maxwell Ramstead, Thomas Parr
Summary: This paper introduces a path integral formulation of the free energy principle to describe the trajectories of particles over time. By employing the principle of least action, it is possible to simulate the behavior of particles in exchange with their external environment. The paper discusses various types of particles and their different levels of inference or sentience.
PHYSICS OF LIFE REVIEWS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Noor Sajid, Laura Convertino, Victorita Neacsu, Thomas Parr, Karl Friston
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
