Article
Neurosciences
Pablo S. Villar, Ruilong Hu, Ricardo C. Araneda
Summary: This study reveals that GABAergic inputs from the basal forebrain play a crucial role in modulating local circuitry and influencing the activity of mitral/tufted cells in the olfactory bulb. These inputs lead to rapid disinhibition of mitral/tufted cells, impacting their response precision to stimuli and local oscillations in a layer-specific manner.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Penglai Liu, Cheng Gao, Jing Wu, Tingting Wu, Ying Zhang, Changyu Liu, Changcheng Sun, Anan Li
Summary: This study investigates the role of the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) and the posterior piriform cortex (PPC) in aversive olfactory learning. The findings suggest that LEC is involved in the acquisition of negative odor value, while PPC is involved in the memory-retrieval phase. Inhibition of LEC CaMKIIa+ neurons affects fear encoding, fear memory recall, and PPC responses to a conditioned odor, providing evidence for the involvement of LEC CaMKIIa+ neurons in negative valence encoding.
Article
Physiology
Changcheng Sun, Zhaoyang Yin, Ben-Zheng Li, Han Du, Keke Tang, Penglai Liu, Sio Hang Pun, Tim C. Lei, Anan Li
Summary: Direct infusion of oxytocin into the olfactory bulb enhances social interaction performance in mice and increases odour-evoked responses of mitral/tufted cells while reducing their spontaneous firing rate. Oxytocin modulates neural activity in the olfactory bulb by decreasing odour-evoked high gamma responses and calcium responses in granule cells, potentially through ATP-sensitive potassium channels.
Article
Biology
Sebastian H. Bitzenhofer, Elena A. Westeinde, Han-Xiong Bear Zhang, Jeffry S. Isaacson
Summary: This study reveals the encoding of olfactory information by L2 cells in the LEC and highlights the importance of temporal coding in distinguishing odor identity and intensity. The firing rates of L2 cells weakly correlate with odor concentration, while spike timing changes represent odor intensity. The relative timing of pyramidal and fan cell spikes provides a temporal code for odor intensity.
Article
Biology
Keerthana Chithanathan, Fang-Ling Xuan, Miriam Ann Hickey, Li Tian
Summary: Compared to wildtype mice, 5 x FAD mice exhibited enhanced anxiety as early as 2 months old and showed increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in the olfactory bulb. The microglial activation and morphological changes were more prominent in the olfactory bulb of 2-month-old 5 x FAD mice. In the frontal cortex, pro-inflammatory cytokines were upregulated at a later stage (5-6 months old).
Review
Cell Biology
Daniela Brunert, Markus Rothermel
Summary: This passage explores neuromodulatory processes in the rodent OB from extrinsic sources, including points of origin, receptors involved, affected circuits, and changes in behavior.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jan Weiss, Frank Zufall
Summary: This study demonstrates that GABA(B) receptors are expressed in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) and primarily located at vomeronasal nerve (VN) terminals. Activation of these receptors can modulate calcium influx and glutamate release of vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs), resulting in the regulation of synaptic transmission in the accessory olfactory system.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia E. Manoim, Andrew M. Davidson, Shirley Weiss, Toshihide Hige, Moshe Parnas
Summary: In this study, the authors investigated a neuromodulatory mechanism in fruit flies that is essential for achieving stimulus specificity in learning. They found that cholinergic Kenyon cells, which represent olfactory signals, have axo-axonic connections mediated by the muscarinic type-B receptor. These connections suppress both odor-evoked calcium responses and dopamine-evoked cAMP signals in neighboring cells, contributing to effective and accurate memory formation.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhen Chen, Krishnan Padmanabhan
Summary: This study explores multiple models proposed to explain odor representation in the olfactory cortex. It finds that top-down feedback control plays a critical role in determining the coding strategies and information transmission from the main olfactory bulb to the piriform cortex. By influencing the excitation-inhibition balance in neural cells, the feedback control improves the performance of odor discrimination tasks.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yu Wang, Qilong Zhao, Mingyuan Ma, Jin Xu
Summary: This paper proposes a neural network-based perception prediction model that accurately predicts the relationship between the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of odor molecules. By imitating the lateral inhibition mechanism and attention mechanism of animal olfaction, the model achieves state-of-the-art results in olfactory perception prediction, which is of great significance for product design and quality assessment in the food, beverage, and fragrance industries.
APPLIED INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kim Ann Saal, Carmina Warth Perez Arias, Anna-Elisa Roser, Jan Christoph Koch, Mathias Bahr, Silvio O. Rizzoli, Paul Lingor
Summary: The study showed that chronic fasudil treatment does not alter basic synaptic function or the amount of synaptic proteins, but does change the dynamics of synaptic vesicles. This leads to a reduction in the synaptic response upon stimulation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinhu Kim, Seungjoon Kim, Hyeonho Kim, In-Wook Hwang, Sungwon Bae, Sudeep Karki, Dongwook Kim, Roberto Ogelman, Geul Bang, Jin Young Kim, Tommi Kajander, Ji Won Um, Won Chan Oh, Jaewon Ko
Summary: Balanced synaptic inhibition is crucial for brain function. MDGA1 suppresses synaptic inhibition in mammalian neurons by interacting with APP, affecting GABAergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 neurons. Down-regulation of APP specifically suppresses GABAergic transmission strength and inputs in presynaptic interneurons. Overexpression of MDGA1 impairs novel object recognition memory in mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph D. Zak, Nathan E. Schoppa
Summary: The study reveals the presence of various cell types within the olfactory bulb, which play crucial roles in processing and modulating olfactory information through different chemical synaptic connections, highlighting the importance of local circuits in shaping olfactory function.
Article
Neurosciences
Vito Di Maio, Silvia Santillo, Francesco Ventriglia
Summary: Synaptic transmission is a crucial system for information transfer and processing among neurons, where a population of synapses input information to influence the postsynaptic response by modulating the membrane potential. The modulation of synaptic population depends on the number of active synapses, the proportion between excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and their firing frequencies.
COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Mariko Hashimoto, Salvador Ignacio Brito, Anne Venner, Amanda Loren Pasqualini, Tracy Lulu Yang, David Allen, Patrick Michael Fuller, Todd Erryl Anthony
Summary: Sudden unexpected environmental changes capture attention and evoke defensive behavioral states. This study reveals how neurons in the lateral septum influence threat perception and defensive responses.
Article
Neurosciences
Robert N. S. Sachdev, Nicolas Gaspard, Jason L. Gerrard, Lawrence J. Hirsch, Dennis D. Spencer, Hitten P. Zaveri
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Joshua E. Motelow, Wei Li, Qiong Zhan, Asht M. Mishra, Robert N. S. Sachdev, Geoffrey Liu, Abhijeet Gummadavelli, Zaina Zayyad, Hyun Seung Lee, Victoria Chu, John P. Andrews, Dario J. Englot, Peter Herman, Basavaraju G. Sanganahalli, Fahmeed Hyder, Hal Blumenfeld
Article
Neurosciences
Mostafa A. Nashaat, Hatem Oraby, Robert N. S. Sachdev, York Winter, Matthew E. Larkum
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Neurosciences
Timothy A. Zolnik, Fern Sha, FriedrichW. Johenning, Eric R. Schreiter, Loren L. Looger, Matthew E. Larkum, Robert N. S. Sachdev
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2017)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Yuguo Yu, Jan Karbowski, Robert N. S. Sachdev, Jianfeng Feng
BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Cao, Snigdha Roy, Robert N. S. Sachdev, Detlef H. Heck
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2012)
Article
Neurosciences
Edward Zagha, Amanda E. Casale, Robert N. S. Sachdev, Matthew J. McGinley, David A. McCormick
Article
Neurosciences
Mark L. Andermann, Nathan B. Gilfoy, Glenn J. Goldey, Robert N. S. Sachdev, Markus Woelfel, David A. McCormick, R. Clay Reid, Michael J. Levene
Article
Neurosciences
Sina E. Dominiak, Mostafa A. Nashaat, Keisuke Sehara, Hatem Oraby, Matthew E. Larkum, Robert N. S. Sachdev
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Keisuke Sehara, Paul Zimmer-Harwood, Matthew E. Larkum, Robert N. S. Sachdev
Summary: Computer vision techniques, particularly deep-learning approaches, have been increasingly used for offline tracking behavior and estimating animal poses without markers. This research developed a method using DeepLabCut for real-time estimation of mouse movements, training a DNN offline with high-speed video data and transferring the network to work in real-time with the same mouse.By tracking whisker movements and converting them into output signals within behavioral time scales, this approach can be used to trigger outputs based on individual whisker movements or distances between adjacent whiskers, complementing optogenetic approaches for manipulating movement and neural activity relationships directly.
Article
Neurosciences
Ronny Bergmann, Keisuke Sehara, Sina E. Dominiak, Jens Kremkow, Matthew E. Larkum, Robert N. S. Sachdev
Summary: Navigation through complex environments requires coordination between multiple sensory-motor modalities. Rodents use both whiskers and eyes to navigate, and the asymmetric positioning of the whiskers can predict the upcoming turn direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Julia M. T. Ledderose, Timothy A. Zolnik, Maria Toumazou, Thorsten Trimbuch, Christian Rosenmund, Britta J. Eickholt, Dieter Jaeger, Matthew E. Larkum, Robert N. S. Sachdev
Summary: We studied the input to layer 1 of the mouse somatosensory cortex using retrograde tracing and optogenetics. Results indicate that the local input primarily comes from layers 2/3 and 5 pyramidal neurons and interneurons, with different probabilities of projection from different types of local neurons. Long-range input mainly originates from layers 2/3 neurons in the sensory-motor cortices. Optogenetic experiments also revealed the relationship between layer 5 pyramidal neurons and layer 1 interneurons and apical tuft dendrites.
Article
Neurosciences
Keisuke Sehara, Viktor Bahr, Ben Mitchinson, Martin J. Pearson, Matthew E. Larkum, Robert N. S. Sachdev
Article
Neurosciences
Mostafa A. Nashaat, Hatem Oraby, Laura Blanco Pena, Sina Dominiak, Matthew E. Larkum, Robert N. S. Sachdev