Article
Neurosciences
Nathan Byers, Eu-Teum Hahm, Susan Tsunoda
Summary: The study found that dSlo2/K-Na channels in Drosophila are selectively expressed in specific neurons in the adult brain and play a role in inhibiting global hyperactivity and seizure-like behavior. Additionally, the absence of these channels increased susceptibility to seizures and led to spontaneous seizures in both genetic and pharmacologically induced seizure models.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexa Joanna Roemmich, Thy Vu, Tamas Lukacsovich, Charlesice Hawkins, Soleil S. Schutte, Diane K. O'Dowd
Summary: Mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene SCN1A are associated with human epilepsy disorders. This study found that Drosophila lines with R-C or R-H mutations showed reduced lifespan and seizures, while electrophysiological recordings revealed sustained neuronal depolarizations and altered firing frequency. The only significant change observed in sodium currents was a hyperpolarized deactivation threshold in R-C and R-H mutants.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gleice Kelli Silva-Cardoso, Prosper N'Gouemo
Summary: Epilepsies are disorders characterized by recurrent seizures, some of which are caused by genetic mutations. Despite available medications, drug-resistant epilepsy is common. Therefore, there is a need for novel therapeutic strategies. Studies in humans and Drosophila have identified seizure-suppressor gene variants that could lead to the development of new antiseizure medications.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuzi Jin, Lei Ren, Xiaoqing Jing, Hongquan Wang
Summary: Epilepsy is a chronic disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, and it is a global public health issue with comorbidities in cognition, psychiatric status, and social-adaptive behaviors. The molecular mechanisms underlying epilepsy-induced neuronal damage remain unclear. Recent studies have shown that inhibiting ferroptosis, a type of regulated cell death, can mitigate neuronal damage in epilepsy. This review suggests inhibiting ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for epilepsy and associated neurobehavioral comorbidities.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Philippa J. Karoly, Rachel E. Stirling, Dean R. Freestone, Ewan S. Nurse, Matias Maturana, Amy J. Halliday, Andrew Neal, Nicholas M. Gregg, Benjamin H. Brinkmann, Mark P. Richardson, Andre La Gerche, David B. Grayden, Wendyl D'Souza, Mark J. Cook
Summary: The study found circadian and multiday rhythms in both healthy individuals and those with epilepsy, with heart rate cycles showing similarities to multiday epileptic rhythms. The relationship between heart rate and seizures may have significant implications for epilepsy therapy, including seizure forecasting. Understanding the link between multiday cycles in the heart and brain can shed new light on endogenous physiological rhythms in humans.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rachel E. Stirling, Matias Maturana, Philippa J. Karoly, Ewan S. Nurse, Kate McCutcheon, David B. Grayden, Steven G. Ringo, John M. Heasman, Rohan J. Hoare, Alan Lai, Wendyl D'Souza, Udaya Seneviratne, Linda Seiderer, Karen J. McLean, Kristian J. Bulluss, Michael Murphy, Benjamin H. Brinkmann, Mark P. Richardson, Dean R. Freestone, Mark J. Cook
Summary: Accurate identification of seizure activity is crucial for epilepsy management. Using a minimally invasive sub-scalp device for recording EEG data has shown promise in accurately detecting seizures and forecasting them.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Janne Nordberg, Frederic L. W. V. J. Schaper, Marco Bucci, Lauri Nummenmaa, Juho Joutsa
Summary: Structural brain lesions are the most common cause of adult-onset epilepsy. The specific location of the lesion may be associated with the risk of secondary seizure generalization from focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fabian Wolpert, Bettina Grossenbacher, Selina Moors, Anna Lareida, Carlo Serra, Kevin Akeret, Patrick Roth, Lukas Imbach, Emilie Le Rhun, Luca Regli, Michael Weller, Marian Galovic
Summary: This study evaluated the risk of seizures in patients following resection of brain metastases from solid tumors. The progression of brain metastases and incomplete resection were found to be risk factors for seizures.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Zihua He, Jinmei Li
Summary: This narrative review explores the therapeutic role of lacosamide in epilepsy-associated comorbidities and highlights the possible pathophysiological mechanisms. Existing evidence suggests the potential efficacy of lacosamide in managing epilepsy and related comorbidities, particularly in alleviating anxiety and depression. However, further larger and higher quality clinical studies are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of lacosamide, as well as its impact on cognitive and behavioral functions in epilepsy patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jennifer C. Wong, Kameryn M. Butler, Lindsey Shapiro, Jacquelyn T. Thelin, Kari A. Mattison, Kathryn B. Garber, Paula C. Goldenberg, Shobana Kubendran, G. Bradley Schaefer, Andrew Escayg
Summary: SCN8A mutations, mainly de novo missense variants, are associated with epileptic encephalopathy. Mouse models with overlapping in-frame deletions in the voltage sensor region of domain 4 exhibit increased seizure susceptibility. Clinical relevance of mutations is highlighted by identification of patients with the same SCN8A deletion.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Mahdi Malekpour, Aida Jafari, Mohammad Kashkooli, Seyed Reza Salarikia, Manica Negahdaripour
Summary: Using a systems biology approach, this study identified different proteins and hormones associated with psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) and constructed a protein-hormone interaction network related to PNES pathogenesis. The study also discovered the relationship between PNES-related molecules and psychiatric diseases, as well as brain regions that could express altered levels of blood proteins. These findings provide important insights for future molecular research on PNES patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ying Yang, Qi Zeng, Miaomiao Cheng, Xueyang Niu, Wenshu Xiangwei, Pan Gong, Wenhui Li, Jiehui Ma, Xiaoli Zhang, Xiaoling Yang, Zhixian Yang, Dan Sun, Shuizhen Zhou, Jianxiang Liao, Yuwu Jiang, Yuehua Zhang
Summary: The study comprehensively examined the genetic and phenotypic aspects of GABRB3-related epilepsy and explored the potential of personalized medicine. Clinical features included early onset of seizures, cluster seizures, and fever sensitivity. Most patients had severe epilepsy phenotypes, and valproate, levetiracetam, and perampanel showed positive effects on seizure control for patients with GABRB3 variants.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Parisa Mohammadzadeh, Surena Nazarbaghi
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and its associated factors in patients with epilepsy. The results showed that the prevalence of DRE is still considerably high and a history of CP/developmental disorders is independently associated with DRE. Therefore, further research should be conducted to determine strategies for reducing the incidence of DRE.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kristin M. Gunnarsdottir, Adam Li, Rachel J. Smith, Joon-Yi Kang, Anna Korzeniewska, Nathan E. Crone, Adam G. Rouse, Jennifer J. Cheng, Michael J. Kinsman, Patrick Landazuri, Utku Uysal, Carol M. Ulloa, Nathaniel Cameron, Iahn Cajigas, Jonathan Jagid, Andres Kanner, Turki Elarjani, Manuel Melo Bicchi, Sara Inati, Kareem A. Zaghloul, Varina L. Boerwinkle, Sarah Wyckoff, Niravkumar Barot, Jorge Gonzalez-Martinez, Sridevi Sarma
Summary: There are over 15 million epilepsy patients worldwide, many of whom have drug-resistant epilepsy. Surgical treatment is often successful, but the success rate varies due to the lack of validated biological markers of the epileptogenic zone. This study aimed to develop a new network-based interictal iEEG marker of the epileptogenic zone by analyzing interictal iEEG data. The algorithm developed in this study showed promising accuracy in identifying epileptogenic regions and predicting surgical outcomes, outperforming clinicians' predictions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Austin Gamblin, Vance L. Fredrickson, Todd C. Hollon, Karen L. Salzman, William T. Couldwell
Summary: Herniation of the parahippocampal gyrus is rare without known risk factors and is usually caused by intracranial pressure differentials. This case report discusses a patient with a long history of seizures who was found to have chronic mesial temporal lobe herniation on MRI, despite lacking risk factors for cerebral herniation. Accurate radiographic identification of the condition likely prevented unnecessary surgery or biopsy, allowing the patient to receive appropriate conservative care.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2021)