Article
Biology
Nader Nikbakht, Mathew E. Diamond
Summary: Recent studies have shown that rats still possess visual form discrimination capacity under red light, contradicting the assumption of red-light blindness in dichromats. It is advised that investigations on rodent functions without visual input should not assume red-light blindness.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuan-Jie Xiao, Lidan Wang, Yu-Zhang Liu, Jiayu Chen, Haoyu Zhang, Yan Gao, Hua He, Zheng Zhao, Zhiru Wang
Summary: This study found that neurons in sensory cortices exhibit significant responses to crossmodal stimulation, primarily through the sensory thalamus. These findings suggest the presence of widespread excitatory crossmodal inputs in the sensory cortex, which may play a role in brain functions involving crossmodal information processing or plasticity.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Yichen Li, YingQiao Wang, Tal Boger, Kevin A. Smith, Samuel J. Gershman, Tomer D. Ullman
Summary: People make use of simplified object approximations for tracking and action, while relying on fine-grained shapes for visual recognition. This was demonstrated through three psychophysical tasks that dissociate body and shape, showing that people use coarse bodies for physical reasoning. These findings provide insights into the representations people employ to understand everyday dynamics and their distinction from recognition.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Ting-Yun Chang, Isabel Gauthier
Summary: This study examined the shared ability supporting ensemble representations for complex objects from different categories. The results showed that ensemble judgments of different objects were correlated across experiments, even after controlling for domain-specific recognition abilities. These findings provide strong evidence for a domain-general ability involved in complex object ensemble coding.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mandy V. V. Bartsch, Christian Merkel, Hendrik Strumpf, Mircea A. Schoenfeld, John K. Tsotsos, Jens-Max Hopf
Summary: This study analyzes the spatiotemporal dynamics of neuromagnetic activity in the human visual cortex during focus shifts. The findings suggest that large focus shifts elicit activity modulations starting from higher hierarchical levels and progressing to lower levels, while smaller shifts start at lower levels. Successive shifts involve backward progressions through the hierarchy. The study concludes that covert focus shifts arise from a cortical coarse-to-fine process, which improves spatial resolution and resolves coding issues.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Antonis Asiminas, Stephanie A. Lyon, Rosamund F. Langston, Emma R. Wood
Summary: This study investigated the ontogeny of episodic-like memory and its components in three rat strains using four spontaneous short-term object exploration tasks. Results showed that short term memory for objects was present early in life, while object-context memory developed during the fifth week, and object-place and object-place-context memories developed around the seventh week. These findings suggest different developmental trajectories of recognition memory in rats depending on the content and complexity of associations, highlighting the utility of spontaneous object exploration tasks for assessing memory system ontogeny.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Ning, Zhou Li, Xingjiang Zhang, Junlong Wang, Dandan Chen, Qiong Liu, Yi Sun
Summary: This study developed unbiased machine learning tools to quantify the behavior of fruit flies and discovered that fruit flies can extract higher-order features from conspecifics during courtship and select appropriate actions. The findings lay the foundation for understanding the mechanism of conspecific recognition in fruit flies.
Article
Biology
Rundong Jiang, Ian Max Andolina, Ming Li, Shiming Tang
Summary: The ventral visual pathway, specifically the V4 area, plays a crucial role in integrating low-level visual features for complex object and scene representations. Neurons in V4 are organized into clustered functional domains selective for shape segments like curves and corners. Stimulus smoothness is identified as the key difference between curve and corner selectivity in V4, indicating the specific population architecture facilitates complex object recognition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andres Canales-Johnson, Renzo C. Lanfranco, Juan Pablo Morales, David Martinez-Pernia, Joaquin Valdes, Alejandro Ezquerro-Nassar, Alvaro Rivera-Rei, Agustin Ibanez, Srivas Chennu, Tristan A. Bekinschtein, David Huepe, Valdas Noreika
Summary: The study found that voluntary visual imagery of faces is associated with long-range phase synchronisation in the gamma frequency range, which predicts subjective ratings of the contour definition of imagined faces. Additionally, short-range frontal synchronisation in the theta frequency range occurs before the long-range increase in gamma synchronisation, potentially related to a top-down mnemonic reactivation of faces.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shen Zhang, Zilu Liang, Chao Liu
Summary: Researchers suggest that neural representation may be distributed in specific brain areas, which has been successful in object recognition and supports the distributed representation hypothesis. The decision function values of the logistic regression classifier are correlated with brain activities.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Vishwa Goudar, Barbara Peysakhovich, David J. Freedman, Elizabeth A. Buffalo, Xiao-Jing Wang
Summary: Learning-to-learn refers to the progressive acceleration of solving a series of problems with shared structure. This study demonstrates that in recurrent neural networks, learning-to-learn emerges through the reuse and refinement of a neural state subspace underlying schema formation. It is a core process of knowledge acquisition, attracting attention in both neuroscience and artificial intelligence. The study trained a recurrent neural network model on arbitrary sensorimotor mappings dependent on the prefrontal cortex, showing an exponential time course of accelerated learning. The emergence and reuse of a schema within a low-dimensional population activity subspace facilitate learning by restricting connection weight changes.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Martina Canatelli-Mallat, Priscila Chiavellini, Marianne Lehmann, Rodolfo Gustavo Goya, Gustavo Ramon Morel
Summary: Ageing is associated with impaired recognition memory. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of female rats at different ages to retain long-term recognition memory. The results showed that spatial discrimination capacity could be affected earlier than feature discrimination capacity. Furthermore, neurogenesis depletion in the Dentate Gyrus and microglial disruption in the perirhinal cortex were associated with memory deficits.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Gayane Ghazaryan, Marijn van Vliet, Lotta Lammi, Tiina Lindh-Knuutila, Sasa Kivisaari, Annika Hulten, Riitta Salmelin
Summary: This study combines magnetoencephalography and machine learning to investigate the representation and access of concepts in the brain over time, showing dynamic changes in visual and semantic information processing.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Shany Dror, Andrea Sommese, Adam Miklosi, Andrea Temesi, Claudia Fugazza
Summary: Little research has been conducted on the ability of dogs to integrate information obtained through different sensory modalities during object discrimination and recognition tasks. This study found that dogs rely mostly on vision and switch to using other sensory modalities, including olfaction, when searching in the dark. It also provides evidence that verbal labels evoke a multisensory mental representation of objects for gifted word learner dogs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruiheng Li, Lu Gan, Yang Liu, Yi Di, Chao Wang
Summary: This paper proposes an automatic modeling framework for large-scale substation point cloud scenes. It reduces dimensionality to improve clustering efficiency, uses a neural network to identify device types, and employs a model library to register standard models onto the point cloud, achieving efficient and rapid device extraction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
