Article
Biology
Crescent L. Combe, Carol M. Upchurch, Carmen C. Canavier, Sonia Gasparini
Summary: A combination of in vitro electrophysiology and modeling identified TRPM4 channels as major drivers of cholinergic modulation of firing rate in rat CA1 pyramidal neurons. Cholinergic agonist carbachol reverses the spike rate adaptation caused by Na-V channel inactivation, resulting in more spikes on the down-ramp compared to the up-ramp. Pharmacological experiments and modeling suggest that TRPM4 channels play a role in the cholinergic shift of firing center of mass through Ca2+-activated nonspecific cation current ICAN.
Article
Neurosciences
Muhammad N. Arshad, Simon Oppenheimer, Jaye Jeong, Bilge Buyukdemirtas, Janice R. Naegele
Summary: GABAergic interneurons play a crucial role in regulating adult neurogenesis and their transplantation can alleviate seizures and increase synaptic inhibition in temporal lobe epilepsy. The transplantation also affects the types of progenitor cells involved in adult neurogenesis.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ana Jakovljevic, Gorana Agatonovic, Dubravka Aleksic, Milan Aksic, Gebhard Reiss, Eckart Foerster, Antonios Stamatakis, Igor Jakovcevski, Joko Poleksic
Summary: Early life stress affects the perineuronal nets (PNNs) and Parvalbumin immunopositive (PV+) inhibitory neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats, but has minimal effects on the hippocampus.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rym Aouci, Mey El Soudany, Zakaria Maakoul, Anastasia Fontaine, Hiroki Kurihara, Giovanni Levi, Nicolas Narboux-Neme
Summary: The study found that the regulation of Dlx5/6 genes in adult GABAergic neurons has a direct impact on the density of PV-positive neurons, anxiety and compulsivity-like behaviors, reinforcing their importance in neuropsychiatric conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing-Jing Yan, Xiao-Jing Ding, Ting He, Ai-Xiao Chen, Wen Zhang, Zi-Xian Yu, Xin-Yu Cheng, Chuan-Yao Wei, Qiao-Dan Hu, Xiao-Yao Liu, Yan-Li Zhang, Mengge He, Zhi-Yong Xie, Xi Zha, Chun Xu, Peng Cao, Haohong Li, Xiao-Hong Xu
Summary: This study reveals that the anterior hypothalamic nucleus (AHN) plays a role in anxiety-like behaviors and is closely connected to predator defense, promoting behavioral avoidance.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Julio D. Perez, Susanne Tom Dieck, Beatriz Alvarez-Castelao, Georgi Tushev, Ivy C. W. Chan, Erin M. Schuman
Summary: This study provides unbiased transcriptomic characterization of subcellular compartments in hundreds of single neurons, revealing a large population of mRNAs in the soma and dendrites. There are more cell type-specific features in somatic transcriptomes compared to dendritic transcriptomes. Additionally, the study demonstrates that local translation is a general property of neurons, with both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons capable of this process.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xiaofan Xiong, Lin Han, Meiyang Fan, Lingyu Zhang, Liying Liu, Chen Guo, Qiuhua Wu, Xiaofei Wang, Ruifang Sun, Lei Ni, Chen Huang, Juan Yang
Summary: Maternal deprivation in early life has long-lasting effects on cognitive and behavior development in rats by disrupting hippocampal development. Through protein expression analysis, potential molecular pathways contributing to hippocampal dysfunction induced by early maternal deprivation can be identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Zahra Alizadeh-Ezdini, Jafar Vatanparast
Summary: The study examined the effects of early life stress on the morphology and dendritic spine density of hippocampal neurons, showing that early handling ameliorated behavioral and structural alterations caused by social stress, while maternal deprivation intensified these changes.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lauryn E. New, Yuchio Yanagawa, Glenn A. McConkey, Jim Deuchars, Susan A. Deuchars
Summary: Manipulation of GABA levels in the spinal cord can affect neural stem cell proliferation, providing a potential therapeutic approach for conditions such as multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury. Controlling GABA levels may promote repair while preventing excessive cell proliferation and tumour formation.
Article
Cell Biology
Yuanhong Tang, Yan Yan, Jian Mao, Junjun Ni, Hong Qing
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with slow progression. The impairment of the GABAergic system in the early stage of the disease leads to hippocampal neuron over-activity, resulting in memory and cognitive impairment. The exact mechanism of GABAergic system impairment in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is still unclear.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gil Ben David, Yam Amir, Kuldeep Tripathi, Lital Sharvit, Amir Benhos, Rachel Anunu, Gal Richter-Levin, Gil Atzmon
Summary: Epigenetics is a gene-environment interaction mechanism that manifests through changes in gene expression. Stress is a known environmental factor that can induce epigenetic changes. This study investigated the impact of stress during adolescence or both adolescence and adulthood on glutamic acid decarboxylase genes. The findings suggest that juvenile stress may enhance coping strategies, but additional stress in adulthood can elicit contradictory responses, which may be beneficial or harmful.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Beletskiy, Ekaterina Positselskaya, Aliya Kh Vinarskaya, Yulia S. Spivak, Yulia Dobryakova, Iliya Tyulenev, Vladimir A. Markevich, Alexey P. Bolshakov
Summary: In this study, we compared the gene expression profiles of the dorsal and ventral parts of the hippocampus and found differences in signaling pathways, intercellular signaling, and cell adhesion between these two parts. Non-neuronal cells may also show differences in gene expression characteristics between hippocampal parts. Additionally, analysis of transposable elements revealed a weak predominance of expression in the ventral hippocampus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yann S. Mineur, Tenna N. Mose, Kathrine Lefoli Maibom, Steven T. Pittenger, Alexa R. Soares, Hao Wu, Seth R. Taylor, Yaqing Huang, Marina R. Picciotto
Summary: The balance between excitatory and inhibitory signaling in the brain is crucial for maintaining homeostatic function. Acetylcholine (ACh) signaling in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) has been found to influence stress-sensitive behaviors by altering the balance of activity among different types of neurons. These findings suggest that ACh modulates the GABAergic signaling network in the BLA, leading to changes in coping strategies during stress.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yuki Kajita, Hajime Mushiake
Summary: This study compared GAD65 expression among six GABAergic subtypes, revealing high-expression and low-expression groups in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Different GABAergic subtypes exhibit distinct GAD65 expression patterns in the layers of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, with GAD65 expression in the soma serving as a proxy for cytoplasmic GAD65 levels.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marco Canevelli, Ivan Arisi, Ilaria Bacigalupo, Andrea Arighi, Daniela Galimberti, Nicola Vanacore, Mara D'Onofrio, Matteo Cesari, Giuseppe Bruno
Summary: This study explored the relationship between Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and cognitive impairments, as well as the influence of individual frailty status on this association. The findings suggest that frailty affects the discrepancies between AD pathology and clinical manifestations, impacting the association of AD pathological modifications with cognitive changes. AD and dementia should be increasingly considered as complex diseases of aging, influenced by multiple simultaneous pathophysiological processes.
Article
Cell Biology
Rossella Brandi, Marietta Fabiano, Corinna Giorgi, Ivan Arisi, Federico La Regina, Francesca Malerba, Sabrina Turturro, Andrea Ennio Storti, Flavia Ricevuti, Susanna Amadio, Cinzia Volonte, Simona Capsoni, Raffaella Scardigli, Mara D'Onofrio, Antonino Cattaneo
Summary: NGF regulates oligodendrogenesis and myelination by modulating miR-219a-5p levels, with NGF deprivation leading to increased expression of miR-219a-5p and enhanced oligodendrocyte differentiation.
Review
Neurosciences
Simona Capsoni, Alex Fogli Iseppe, Fabio Casciano, Angela Pignatelli
Summary: The perception and discrimination of odors are essential sensory activities in daily life, with the olfactory bulb interneurons playing a key role in this process. Dopaminergic and calretinin cells are newly generated interneurons that are involved in odor processing and adaptation of the olfactory bulb network to external conditions. Their main functions include inhibition of glutamate release and modulation of excitatory signals to the main neurons, respectively.
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
C. Pellegrini, V D'Antongiovanni, F. Miraglia, L. Rota, L. Benvenuti, C. Di Salvo, G. Testa, S. Capsoni, G. Carta, L. Antonioli, A. Cattaneo, C. Blandizzi, E. Colla, M. Fornai
Summary: This study reveals a series of events that occur early in Parkinson's disease, including bowel inflammation, impaired intestinal epithelial barrier, and dysbiosis. It also finds that early accumulation of intestinal alpha-synuclein compromises the intestinal barrier through the activation of inflammatory response and alters the intestinal microbiota, which may contribute to both bowel symptoms and central pathology.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Simona Capsoni, Antonino Cattaneo
Summary: The article explores the potential of delivering NGF to the brain through intranasal delivery as a promising strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease and related cognitive disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Margherita Festa, Velia Minicozzi, Anna Boccaccio, Laura Lagostena, Antonella Gradogna, Tianwen Qi, Alex Costa, Nina Larisch, Shin Hamamoto, Emanuela Pedrazzini, Stefan Milenkovic, Joachim Scholz-Starke, Matteo Ceccarelli, Alessandro Vitale, Petra Dietrich, Nobuyuki Uozumi, Franco Gambale, Armando Carpaneto
Summary: This review focuses on current methods used to unravel the functional properties of lysosomal ion channels and transporters, evaluating their advantages, disadvantages, and fields of applicability.
Review
Cell Biology
Alexia Tiberi, Simona Capsoni, Antonino Cattaneo
Summary: Microglia are the only immune cells in the brain that perform diverse tasks, including immune functions and regulation of neuronal circuitry. While neurotrophins were thought to primarily target neurons, increasing evidence suggests that microglia can also respond directly to neurotrophins.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Guido Antonelli, Daniele Focosi, Ombretta Turriziani, Marco Tuccori, Rossella Brandi, Silvia Fillo, Camilla Ajassa, Florigio Lista, Claudio M. Mastroianni
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Simona Capsoni, Ivan Arisi, Francesca Malerba, Mara D'Onofrio, Antonino Cattaneo, Enrico Cherubini
Summary: This review summarizes recent data on the mechanisms by which alterations of GABAergic signaling affect the E/I balance in cortical and hippocampal neurons in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the role of cation-chloride co-transporters in this process. Treating AD and other forms of dementia with bumetanide, a selective KCC2 antagonist, contributes to re-establishing a proper E/I balance in selective brain areas, leading to amelioration of AD symptoms and the slowing down of disease progression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Pacifico, Giovanna Testa, Rosy Amodeo, Marco Mainardi, Alexia Tiberi, Domenica Convertino, Juan Carlos Arevalo, Laura Marchetti, Mario Costa, Antonino Cattaneo, Simona Capsoni
Summary: A mouse model carrying the HSAN IV TrkA(R649W) mutation was successfully generated, mimicking the clinical manifestations of HSAN IV patients. The pathological R649W mutation in TrkA led to kinase-inactive TrkA and affected its membrane dynamics and trafficking. TrkA(R649W/m) mice showed reduced response to thermal and chemical noxious stimuli, decreased skin innervation, and impaired sweating, resembling the HSAN IV phenotype.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Antonella Gradogna, Laura Lagostena, Sara Beltrami, Edoardo Tosato, Cristiana Picco, Joachim Scholz-Starke, Francesca Sparla, Paolo Trost, Armando Carpaneto
Summary: Ascorbate is a major redox buffer in plant cells, and its antioxidant activity depends on the ratio with its oxidation product monodehydroascorbate. Vacuoles isolated from Arabidopsis mesophyll cells contain a tonoplast electron transport system that works as a reversible MDHA oxidoreductase. The expression of CYB561A, a tonoplast redox protein, is crucial for trans-tonoplast electron currents and the response to high-light stress.
Article
Biology
Fabio Casciano, Nicoletta Bianchi, Mirta Borin, Vittorio Vellani, Paola Secchiero, Carlo M. Bergamini, Simona Capsoni, Angela Pignatelli
Summary: We demonstrated for the first time that fluorescence intensity correlates very well with the expression of genes typical of different stages of maturation in dopaminergic neurons. We propose that the FACS method used to isolate these neurons may be used to engineer new neurons for therapeutic purposes in widespread pathologies, such as Parkinson's disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexia Tiberi, Giulia Borgonovo, Giovanna Testa, Paola Pacifico, Ajesh Jacob, Mariachiara Di Caprio, Valentino Totaro, Mariantonietta Calvello, Antonino Cattaneo, Simona Capsoni
Summary: This study demonstrates that intranasal delivery of a 'painless' variant of human nerve growth factor (hNGFp) can ameliorate symptoms in a mouse model of Rett syndrome by exerting strong neuroprotection directly on target neurons and indirectly via microglia. The treatment also rescues the expression of key cytokines, potentially restoring neuroimmune communication.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chiara Braschi, Simona Capsoni, Roberta Narducci, Andrea Poli, Gabriele Sansevero, Rossella Brandi, Lamberto Maffei, Antonino Cattaneo, Nicoletta Berardi
Summary: BDNF is crucial for synaptic function and neuronal survival, with its reduced levels early in AD progression. Administering BDNF non-invasively through intranasal route can improve memory deficits in AD mouse models. Moreover, BDNF treatment leads to decreased brain microglia presence, highlighting its therapeutic potential in AD.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)