News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diana Kwon
Summary: Scientists are unraveling the process by which the brain controls immune responses in order to discover potential treatments for various diseases.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francisco Simoes, Antonella Rocca, Rui Rocha, Carlos Mateus, Elena Marta, Jale Tosun
Summary: The study found that university students' intentions to return to their rural areas are influenced by factors such as their mother's education level, expected income, attachment to the place where they are studying, and attachment to their rural origins. Decision makers should include the promotion of emotional bonds between young people and rural areas as part of education policy packages to combat rural brain drain.
Review
Physiology
Boris Cheval, Matthieu P. Boisgontier
Summary: The theory of effort minimization in physical activity (TEMPA) aims to provide a more accurate understanding of the neuropsychological determinants of movement-based behaviors, addressing the overlooked role of automatic attraction to effort minimization in explaining the pandemic of physical inactivity.
EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tian Xia, Huizhu Yang, Yuyao Guo, Tiantian Guo, Lingxiang Xin, Yanping Jiang, Wen Cui, Han Zhou, Xinyuan Qiao, Xiaona Wang, Jiaxuan Li, Zhifu Shan, Lijie Tang, Li Wang, Yijing Li
Summary: This study explores the mechanism by which DCpep enhances immune responses. The results show that DCpep can bind to porcine dendritic cells and improve the capture efficiency of recombinant Lactobacillus by dendritic cells, promote their maturation, and enhance their ability to activate T-cell proliferation. The study also found conserved DCpeps between humans and pigs, providing a theoretical basis for the development of a dendritic cell-targeted vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Huashuo Liu, Fei Wang, Dan Zhang
Summary: The central role of robotic agents in daily life necessitates effective human-robot interaction (HRI). Understanding the potential effects of robotic agents on human performance is crucial for optimizing interaction design. This review breaks down the complex effects of robotic agents on interacting humans based on human-human interaction findings, focusing on physical presence, motor actions, and task co-representation in HRI. Future directions for each effect are advised, and the use of neural correlates for real-time evaluation and optimization of HRI with EEG-based BCI is proposed.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Allan R. Wang, Fiene Marie Kuijper, Daniel A. N. Barbosa, Kelsey E. Hagan, Eric Lee, Elizabeth Tong, Eun Young Choi, Jennifer A. McNab, Cara Bohon, Casey H. Halpern
Summary: Research revealed disrupted neural circuits related to habit learning and binge eating behavior in humans, potentially explaining treatment-resistant behavior in eating disorders and other psychiatric conditions.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lili Jiang, Kaini Qiao, Chunlin Li
Summary: Anatomical distance is crucial for the organizational principles of the human brain, while functional criticality based on resting-state fMRI is a sensitive marker for human brain dynamics. A revised algorithm of functional criticality, called the distance-based vertex-wise index, was proposed and compared with the original neighborhood-based method to explore the effects of anatomical distance on behaviors. Results from two groups of healthy participants revealed intelligence and emotional intelligence mapped to different brain regions at different ages, with intelligence showing a wider distance range compared to emotional intelligence.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryo Kitada, Megan Ng, Zheng Yee Tan, Xue Er Lee, Takanori Kochiyama
Summary: Objects with similar compliance levels as those of human body parts yield the highest pleasantness when pushed. Perceived softness monotonically increases with compliance, leveling off within a certain range. However, pleasantness reaches a peak between 5 and 7 mm/N, showing an inverse U pattern.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Joseph A. Taylor, Paul L. Greenhaff, David B. Bartlett, Thomas A. Jackson, Niharika A. Duggal, Janet M. Lord
Summary: Frailty is a state characterized by increased vulnerability and decreased ability to recover from stress compared to non-frailty. It is important to understand the clinical and physiological features of frailty, as well as the factors driving it, due to the increasing life expectancy and prevalence of physical frailty.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Joseph A. Taylor, Paul L. Greenhaff, David B. Bartlett, Thomas A. Jackson, Niharika A. Duggal, Janet M. Lord
Summary: Frailty refers to a state of enhanced vulnerability and impaired recovery compared to a nonfrail state, which is considered a loss of resilience. It is important to understand the clinical and physiological features of frailty and its driving factors due to the increasing life expectancy and prevalence of physical frailty. This article describes the clinical definitions of age-related frailty and their limitations, explores the physiological components of frailty, and emphasizes the importance of longitudinal and interventional clinical studies to identify mechanistic drivers and target interventions to reduce frailty progression.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yassine Bouattour, Valerie Sautou, Rodayna Hmede, Youssef El Ouadhi, Dimitri Gouot, Philip Chennell, Yuri Lapusta, Frederic Chapelle, Jean-Jacques Lemaire
Summary: Brain surrogates are becoming increasingly important in the medical field, being used for education, training, and evaluating medical devices. They have specific and accurate mechanical and biophysical properties, and can complement numeric models.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Riba, Joan Campo-Sabariz, Iraida Tena, Laura Molina-Porcel, Teresa Ximelis, Maria Calvo, Ruth Ferrer, Raquel Martin-Venegas, Jaume del Valle, Jordi Vilaplana, Carme Pelegri
Summary: Wasteosomes, also known as corpora amylacea, are granular structures in the brain that accumulate during aging and neurodegenerative conditions. Macrophages are involved in the phagocytosis of wasteosomes, with CD206 and CD35 receptors playing a role in the process. The interaction between wasteosomes and macrophages can vary in physiological and altered conditions, affecting inflammatory responses.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alexander E. Hramov, Vladimir A. Maksimenko, Alexander N. Pisarchik
Summary: This paper reviews the physical principles of BCIs, their development stages, various applications, and emerging technological trends. By classifying BCIs into active, reactive, and passive types, it details the functions and applications of different BCIs in control, diagnosis, and assessment. The article also introduces the applications of machine learning and optogenetics in BCIs, as well as the potential impact of BBIs on team collaboration.
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yizhuo Li, Teng Fei, Yingjing Huang, Jun Li, Xiang Li, Fan Zhang, Yuhao Kang, Guofeng Wu
Summary: This study proposes a methodological framework for mapping the global geographic distribution of human emotion, utilizing affective computing technology to extract emotions from facial expressions in Flickr photos. The framework combines a species distribution model with physical environment factors and explores different geographic distributions of seven dimensional emotions. The results confirm the effectiveness of the framework and provide new insights into the relationship between human emotions and the physical environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludovic Bellier, Anais Llorens, Deborah T. Marciano, Aysegul Gunduz, Gerwin Schalk, Peter Brunner, Robert T. Knight
Summary: This study analyzed the neural dynamics of music perception by reconstructing a recognizable song from direct neural recordings of 29 patients. The results showed the involvement of specific brain regions and response patterns in music perception and suggested the potential application of music in brain-computer interface technology.
Article
Neuroimaging
Isaac M. Adanyeguh, Xiaofang Lou, Eavan McGovern, Marie-Pierre Luton, Magali Barbier, Elise Yazbeck, Romain Valabregue, Dinesh Deelchand, Pierre-Gilles Henry, Fanny Mochel
Summary: Progressive myelopathy in men with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) causes severe disability, with treatments being symptomatic and disease-modifying therapies under evaluation. This study used high-resolution MRI techniques to identify non-invasive biomarkers of the brain and spine with high effect sizes, showing macrostructural, microstructural, and metabolic alterations in AMN patients. Further longitudinal and clinical trials are warranted to validate these findings.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rahul Gaurav, Lydia Yahia-Cherif, Nadya Pyatigorskaya, Graziella Mangone, Emma Biondetti, Romain Valabregue, Claire Ewenczyk, R. Matthew Hutchison, Jesse M. Cedarbaum, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Marie Vidailhet, Stephane Lehericy
Summary: The study found a progressive decrease in neuromelanin-based substantia nigra signal and volume in PD patients, which could serve as a noninvasive assessment marker for disease progression.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma Biondetti, Mathieu D. Santin, Romain Valabregue, Graziella Mangone, Rahul Gaurav, Nadya Pyatigorskaya, Matthew Hutchison, Lydia Yahia-Cherif, Nicolas Villain, Marie-Odile Habert, Isabelle Arnulf, Smaranda Leu-Semenescu, Pauline Dodet, Miquel Vila, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Marie Vidailhet, Stephane Lehericy
Summary: In Parkinson's disease, there is a progressive reduction in striatal dopaminergic function, loss of neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons, and increased iron deposition in the substantia nigra. This study found that the temporal ordering of dopaminergic changes followed a spatial pattern of progression involving different territories of the nigrostriatal system, and revealed an interrelationship between dopaminergic dysfunction, cell loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and increased iron content in the substantia nigra.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sara Sambin, Sonia Lavisse, Caroline Decaix, Nadya Pyatigorskaya, Graziella Mangone, Romain Valabregue, Isabelle Arnulf, Florence Cormier, Suzanne Lesage, Stephane Lehericy, Philippe Remy, Alexis Brice, Jean-Christophe Corvol
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rahul Gaurav, Nadya Pyatigorskaya, Emma Biondetti, Romain Valabregue, Lydia Yahia-Cherif, Graziella Mangone, Smaranda Leu-Semenescu, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Marie Vidailhet, Isabelle Arnulf, Stephane Lehericy
Summary: This study investigated the changes in SNc neuromelanin in iRBD patients using fully automatic segmentation. The results showed that the changes in iRBD were intermediate between those in PD and healthy volunteers.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Asya Ekmen, Aurelie Meneret, Romain Valabregue, Benoit Beranger, Yulia Worbe, Jean-Charles Lamy, Sofien Mehdi, Anais Herve, Isaac Adanyeguh, Gizem Temiz, Philippe Damier, Domitille Gras, Agathe Roubertie, Juliette Piard, Vincent Navarro, Eugenie Mutez, Florence Riant, Quentin Welniarz, Marie Vidailhet, Stephane Lehericy, Sabine Meunier, Cecile Gallea, Emmanuel Roze
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of PRRT2-related dyskinesia. The results showed that patients had structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebellum, and cerebellar stimulation could modulate communication within the cerebellar networks and restore it to the level observed in healthy controls.
Article
Neurosciences
Marion Rouault, Mael Lebreton, Mathias Pessiglione
Summary: A study found that confidence judgments in different cognitive tasks are influenced by the same factors and associated with activity in the same brain regions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lydia Chougar, Emina Arsovic, Rahul Gaurav, Emma Biondetti, Alice Faucher, Romain Valabregue, Nadya Pyatigorskaya, Gwendoline Dupont, Francois-Xavier Lejeune, Florence Cormier, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Marie Vidailhet, Bertrand Degos, David Grabli, Stephane Lehericy
Summary: This study investigated the regional selectivity of neurodegenerative changes in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism. The results showed that there were differences in the topography of these changes between different parkinsonian syndromes.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lada Kohoutova, Lauren Y. Atlas, Christian Buechel, Jason T. Buhle, Stephan Geuter, Marieke Jepma, Leonie Koban, Anjali Krishnan, Dong Hee Lee, Sungwoo Lee, Mathieu Roy, Scott M. Schafer, Liane Schmidt, Tor D. Wager, Choong-Wan Woo
Summary: The study identifies brain regions with consistent and variable representations of pain across individuals and explores the importance of individual variability in pain processing. The findings can contribute to personalized assessment and treatment of pain.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charlotte Rosso, Eric Moulton, Claire Kemlin, Sara Leder, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Sophien Mehdi, Mickael A. Obadia, Mickael Obadia, Marion Yger, Elena Meseguer, Vincent Perlbarg, Romain Valabregue, Serena Magno, Pavel Lindberg, Sabine Meunier, Jean-Charles Lamy
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of cerebello-motor paired associative stimulation combined with physiotherapy in enhancing upper limb motor function after stroke. The results show that this approach is effective in improving hand dexterity and is associated with increased activation in the ipsilesional primary motor cortex. The inter-individual variability in clinical improvement is partly explained by the structural integrity of the input and output pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonius Wiehler, Francesca Branzoli, Isaac Adanyeguh, Fanny Mochel, Mathias Pessiglione
Summary: Behavioral activities that require control over automatic routines typically feel effortful and result in cognitive fatigue. This study suggests that the inflated cost of cognitive control, manifested as cognitive fatigue, may be related to the accumulation of potentially toxic substances. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the researchers found that high-demand cognitive work led to higher glutamate concentration in the lateral prefrontal cortex, making cognitive control harder to mobilize after a strenuous workday.
Article
Psychiatry
Lucie Berkovitch, Raphael Gaillard, Pierre Abdel-Ahad, Sarah Smadja, Claire Gauthier, David Attali, Hadrien Beaucamps, Marion Plaze, Mathias Pessiglione, Fabien Vinckier
Summary: The study found that patients with schizophrenia exhibit impaired conscious motivation while preserving unconscious motivation, suggesting the existence of different steps in motivational processes that might have implications for patient care.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Fabien Vinckier, Claire Jaffre, Claire Gauthier, Sarah Smajda, Pierre Abdel-Ahad, Raphael Le Bouc, Jean Daunizeau, Mylene Fefeu, Nicolas Borderies, Marion Plaze, Raphael Gaillard, Mathias Pessiglione
Summary: This study used behavioral tasks and computational modeling to investigate the motivational deficits in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression under different treatments compared with healthy control subjects. The findings suggest that these patients exhibit an elevated sensitivity to effort cost, while sensitivity to action outcomes and task-specific processes is relatively spared.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Hugo Bottemanne, Orphee Morlaas, Anne Claret, Tali Sharot, Philippe Fossati, Liane Schmidt
Summary: This study investigates how ketamine alters belief updating and its association with clinical effects. The results reveal that patients with treatment-resistant depression show greater belief updating after receiving good news following a single ketamine infusion, suggesting the cognitive mechanisms underlying ketamine's action in these patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raphael Le Bouc, Nicolas Borderies, Guilhem Carle, Chloe Robriquet, Fabien Vinckier, Jean Daunizeau, Carole Azuar, Richard Levy, Mathias Pessiglione
Summary: By using new behavioral tests and computational tools, Le Bouc et al. discover effort aversion, and its association with atrophy in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, as a core pathophysiological mechanism underlying apathy in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. Apathy is a core symptom in patients with bvFTD, which is defined by the observable reduction in goal-directed behavior, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.
