Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Chen Shen, Xiao Sun, Lei Li, Hu-Yunlong Zhang, Zhi-Li Huang, Yi-Qun Wang
Summary: Sleep and wakefulness are fundamental behavioral states that involve coordination between brain regions and multiple neurochemical systems, including neuropeptides. Neuropeptides, produced by neurons and neuroendocrine cells, can bind to specific receptors and regulate neuronal activities. Different neuropeptides play distinct roles in sleep-wake regulation, promoting sleep, inducing wakefulness, or having bidirectional effects. This review provides an overview of the distribution of neuropeptides in the brain and summarizes their roles in sleep-wake regulation, aiming to lay the foundation for further studies on the mechanisms underlying sleep-wake states.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ambra Stefani, Birgit Hoegl
Summary: Nightmare disorder and isolated sleep paralysis are common REM sleep disorders that can cause distress. Nightmare disorder is related to emotion regulation and hyperarousal, with imagery rehearsal therapy being an effective nonmedication treatment; isolated sleep paralysis may result from REM atonia persisting into wakefulness, and therapy mainly involves avoiding predisposing factors.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jung-Ick Byun, Tae-Won Yang, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Won Chul Shin, Oh-Young Kwon, Ki-Young Jung
Summary: Manual quantification of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RWA) using chin or phasic flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) activity shows the best diagnostic performance for REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). The automatic REM atonia index (RAI) method may be useful for screening RBD patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jirada Sringean, Ambra Stefani, Kathrin Marini, Melanie Bergmann, Mario Werkmann, Evi Holzknecht, Roberto De Marzi, Elisabeth Brandauer, Heinz Hackner, Atbin Djamshidian, Heike Stockner, Carles Gaig, Alex Iranzo, Joan Santamaria, Eduardo Tolosa, Klaus Seppi, Werner Poewe, Birgit Hoegl
Summary: The study found that early-stage PD patients had shorter REM sleep latency compared to advanced-stage PD patients. In advanced-stage PD patients, there was a higher incidence and intensity of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RWA), indicating that RWA worsens or becomes more intense with disease progression.
Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Miracca, Berta Anuncibay-Soto, Kyoko Tossell, Raquel Yustos, Alexei L. Vyssotski, Nicholas P. Franks, William Wisden
Summary: The lateral preoptic hypothalamus plays a crucial role in NREM and REM sleep induction and NREM sleep homeostasis. Surprisingly, calcium signals in the lateral preoptic hypothalamus were found to be highest during REM sleep. NMDA receptors in the lateral preoptic hypothalamus were identified as the main drivers of excitation. Deleting these NMDA receptors led to insomnia and fragmented sleep patterns. The sleep fragmentation was specifically attributed to NMDA receptors on GABA neurons in the lateral preoptic hypothalamus.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Carlos H. Schenck, Valerie Cochen de Cock, Simon J. G. Lewis, Naoko Tachibana, Clete Kushida, Raffaele Ferri
Summary: Updated guidelines for diagnosing RBD using vPSG procedures have been proposed, but a survey found that most health systems and medical communities in WSS member countries cannot implement the stricter guidelines, which would interfere with RBD diagnosis for many patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Soraia Ventura, Sean R. Mathieson, John M. O'Toole, Vicki Livingstone, Mary-Anne Ryan, Geraldine B. Boylan
Summary: The study aimed to characterize sleep features in 4-5 month old infants, providing normative values for sleep macrostructure and sleep spindles. Sex differences were observed in spindle spectral power and brain symmetry index, with males showing lower power and higher symmetry index compared to females. These findings contribute to a better understanding of infant sleep patterns and potential biomarkers for brain maturation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura Perez-Carbonell, Amaia Munoz-Lopetegi, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Ellen Gelpi, Ramon Farre, Carles Gaig, Alex Iranzo, Joan Santamaria
Summary: The study revealed that FI patients exhibit frequent breathing alterations, including various breathing disturbances, distorted NREM sleep, and severely impaired REM sleep. Brainstem impairment plays a crucial role in FI.
Article
Neurosciences
Alejandra Mondino, Joaquin Gonzalez, Duan Li, Diego Mateos, Lucia Osorio, Matias Cavelli, Juan Pedro Castro-Nin, Diego Serantes, Alicia Costa, Giancarlo Vanini, George A. Mashour, Pablo Torterolo
Summary: Urethane, a commonly used anaesthetic in animal research, induces unconsciousness with distinct electrographic states that differ from physiological sleep. This study recorded and analysed EEGs and EMGs in rats under urethane anaesthesia and natural sleep states, finding clear signatures of unconsciousness during urethane and differences in EEG profiles compared to natural sleep.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shinya Okuda, Takeo Nakayama, Norihito Uemura, Rie Hikawa, Masashi Ikuno, Hodaka Yamakado, Haruhisa Inoue, Naoko Tachibana, Yu Hayashi, Ryosuke Takahashi, Naohiro Egawa
Summary: The accumulation of alpha-synuclein is the main feature of alpha-synucleinopathy, with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder being a key manifestation of this condition, clinically confirmed by REM sleep without atonia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shuntaro Uchida, Shingo Soya, Yuki C. Saito, Arisa Hirano, Keisuke Koga, Makoto Tsuda, Manabu Abe, Kenji Sakimura, Takeshi Sakurai
Summary: This study identified a specific subpopulation of Gly(VMM) neurons in the ventromedial medulla that are involved in generating muscle atonia during REM sleep. Silencing this circuit resulted in REM sleep without muscle atonia and reduced time spent in cataplexy-like episodes. Additionally, Gly(VMM) neurons also play a crucial role in maintaining sleep and cataplexy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Chiara Cirelli, Giulio Tononi
Summary: Sleep is necessary for renormalizing synaptic weights after learning, which is a smart process of synaptic down-selection, explaining the beneficial effects of sleep on cognition. While some molecular mechanisms have been identified, others are still being investigated to understand how most synapses are weakened during sleep while some are protected.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Annie Y. Yao, Patrick J. Halloran, Yingying Ge, Neeraj Singh, John Zhou, James Galske, Wanxia He, Riqiang Yan, Xiangyou Hu
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have an increased risk of seizures and sleep disorders. Deletion of Bace1 in neurons increases epileptiform activity, while Bace1 inhibition can reduce epileptic activity and improve sleep disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Utku Ogan Akyildiz, F. Irsel Tezer, Guray Koc, Sevda Ismailogullari, Aylin Bican Demir, Aysin Kisabay Ak, Gulin Sunter, Kezban Aslan Kara, Deniz Tuncel Berktas, Aysenur Sahin, Filiz Azman, Bulent Devrim Akcay, Duygu Kurt Gok, Hikmet Yilmaz, Kadriye Agan, Yavuz Bekmezci, Sinan Yetkin, Murat Aksu, Derya Karadeniz, Gulcin Benbir Senel
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of REM sleep in patients with narcolepsy. The results showed that the increase in REM density during REM sleep may be a major correlate of RSWA. There was a positive correlation between the total duration of REMs and the mean durations of RSWA. The REMs index demonstrated moderate sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of RSWA.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Won-Ho Jun, Hyung-Ju Kim, Youn-Sik Hong
Summary: Sleep plays a significant role in an individual's life and is an indicator of health. Both the duration and quality of sleep are important for maintaining good health. Sleep patterns are influenced by genetic factors and it is necessary to analyze if individual sleep patterns ensure sufficient sleep.
Article
Biology
Yael Mandelblat-Cerf, Rohan N. Ramesh, Christian R. Burgess, Paola Patella, Zongfang Yang, Bradford B. Lowell, Mark L. Andermann
Article
Neurosciences
Alastair S. Garfield, Bhavik P. Shah, Christian R. Burgess, Monica M. Li, Chia Li, Jennifer S. Steger, Joseph C. Madara, John N. Campbell, Daniel Kroeger, Thomas E. Scammell, Bakhos A. Tannous, Martin G. Myers, Mark L. Andermann, Michael J. Krashes, Bradford B. Lowell
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Christian R. Burgess, Rohan N. Ramesh, Arthur U. Sugden, Kirsten M. Levandowski, Margaret A. Minnig, Henning Fenselau, Bradford B. Lowell, Mark L. Andermann
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoav Livneh, Rohan N. Ramesh, Christian R. Burgess, Kirsten M. Levandowski, Joseph C. Madara, Henning Fenselau, Glenn J. Goldey, Veronica E. Diaz, Nick Jikomes, Jon M. Resch, Bradford B. Lowell, Mark L. Andermann
Article
Neurosciences
Yael Mandelblat-Cerf, Angela Kim, Christian R. Burgess, Siva Subramanian, Bakhos A. Tannous, Bradford B. Lowell, Mark L. Andermann
Article
Neurosciences
Christian R. Burgess, Yoav Livneh, Rohan N. Ramesh, Mark L. Andermann
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Rohan N. Ramesh, Christian R. Burgess, Arthur U. Sugden, Michael Gyetvan, Mark L. Andermann
Article
Neurosciences
Arthur U. Sugden, Jeffrey D. Zaremba, Lauren A. Sugden, Kelly L. McGuire, Andrew Lutas, Rohan N. Ramesh, Osama Alturkistani, Kristian K. Lensjo, Christian R. Burgess, Mark L. Andermann
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Alexa D. Faulkner, Christian R. Burgess
Summary: The study investigates the effects of metabolic demands on cortical coding and finds that food restriction has an impact on visual processing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kelly L. McGuire, Oren Amsalem, Arthur U. Sugden, Rohan N. Ramesh, Jesseba Fernando, Christian R. Burgess, Mark L. Andermann
Summary: This study investigates how neurons in the Postrhinal cortex (POR) of mice encode objects across different contexts. The researchers found two classes of neurons with distinct characteristics. One class showed minimal response to cues before learning but exhibited selective responses to specific cues in the context of reward and locomotion after learning. The other class of neurons showed transient cue responses that were unaffected by reward learning and adapted over time.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Christian R. Burgess, Thomas E. Scammell
Summary: A recent study reveals the significance of dopaminergic nerve terminals in modulating REM sleep and cataplexy, suggesting their potential role in emotional memory processing. This has implications for investigating REM sleep in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Liam E. Potter, Christian R. Burgess
Summary: Given the impact of sleep disorders on health, researchers are exploring novel avenues of treatment, including targeting the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) system. This system has been implicated in sleep regulation and various physiological functions, but skepticism remains regarding the development of MCH-targeting drugs. Additional research is needed to fully understand the role of the MCH system in sleep regulation and address drug design challenges.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Roberto De Luca, William D. Todd, Christian R. Burgess
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
B. G. Beekly, A. Rupp, C. R. Burgess, C. F. Elias
Summary: Hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons play important roles in neuroendocrine processes, and their effects may be influenced by co-released neurotransmitters. The debate on fast neurotransmitter co-release from MCH neurons has been controversial, with data supporting different possibilities. Instead of taking a stance in this debate, this review proposes an alternative explanation: the neurochemical identity of MCH neurons, including classical neurotransmitter content, can change. We suggest that MCH neurons may release GABA and/or glutamate at different points based on environmental and contextual factors. Through the perspective of the MCH system, we provide evidence that the field of neuroendocrinology would benefit from a more nuanced and dynamic interpretation of neurotransmitter identity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brandon A. Toth, Katie S. Chang, Sarah Fechtali, Christian R. Burgess
Summary: This study found that dopamine release in the striatum plays an important role in regulating cataplexy and REM sleep.