Article
Neurosciences
Qian Sun, Eric W. Buss, Yu-Qiu Jiang, Bina Santoro, David H. Brann, Daniel A. Nicholson, Steven A. Siegelbaum
Summary: Entorhinal cortex neurons establish monosynaptic connections onto distal apical dendrites of CA1 and CA2 pyramidal neurons through the perforant path. The efficacy of the perforant path inputs varies substantially as a function of presynaptic firing rate, with CA2 showing stronger excitation compared to CA1. Blockade of NMDARs significantly reduces temporal summation in CA1, while having little impact on CA2 responses.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mariia Shypshyna, Oksana Kolesnyk, Svitlana Fedulova, Nickolai Veselovsky
Summary: Hypoinsulinemia, a consequence of diabetes mellitus, can lead to complications in the central and peripheral nervous system. Impairment of insulin receptor signaling under insulin deficiency is associated with cognitive disorders and synaptic plasticity deficits. Our study demonstrates that hypoinsulinemia shifts the short-term plasticity of glutamatergic hippocampal synapses from facilitation to depression, possibly through the reduction of glutamate release probability.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Asha Kishore, Praveen James, Traian Popa, Arun Thejaus, Parvathy Rajeswari, Gangadhara Sarma, Syam Krishnan, Sabine Meunier
Summary: The study showed that cerebellar stimulation can modulate the plastic response to PAS, and the M1 response of Non-Responders to PAS can be restored after cerebellar stimulation. This suggests that individual responses to plastic modulation may be influenced by the cerebellar neural system.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Virginie Sterpenich, Mojca K. M. van Schie, Maximilien Catsiyannis, Avinash Ramyead, Stephen Perrig, Hee-Deok Yang, Dimitri Van De Ville, Sophie Schwartz
Summary: Sleep promotes memory consolidation, with neural representations of rewarded experiences undergoing privileged reactivation during sleep, favoring their consolidation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Chi-Wei Lee, Ming-Chia Chu, Han-Fang Wu, Yueh-Jung Chung, Tsung-Han Hsieh, Chieh-Yu Chang, Yen-Cheng Lin, Ting-Yi Lu, Ching-Hsiang Chang, Hsiang Chi, Hsun-Shuo Chang, Yih-Fung Chen, Cheng-Ta Li, Hui-Ching Lin
Summary: A new form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation called theta-burst stimulation has shown effectiveness in treating treatment-resistant depression. However, the underlying mechanism in the prefrontal cortex is still unclear. This study found that both intermittent and continuous theta-burst stimulation improved depressive-like and active coping behaviors, as well as various cellular factors and signaling pathways.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Mareike A. Gann, Bradley R. King, Nina Dolfen, Menno P. Veldman, Kimberly L. Chan, Nicolaas A. J. Puts, Richard A. E. Edden, Marco Davare, Stephan P. Swinnen, Dante Mantini, Edwin M. Robertson, Genevieve Albouy
Summary: This study provides experimental evidence that targeted brain stimulation can alter functional responses in the striatum and hippocampus during motor learning in humans. While the stimulation did not directly affect motor performance or task-related brain activity, it did influence connectivity patterns within networks and the levels of GABA neurotransmitter.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Douglas GoodSmith, Sang Hoon Kim, Vyash Puliyadi, Guo-li Ming, Hongjun Song, James J. Knierim, Kimberly M. Christian
Summary: The neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) region of the hippocampus are able to integrate spatial and nonspatial information, forming memories of space and associated stimuli. This study reveals the ability of DG cells to detect changes in the environment and maintain a stable spatial representation.
Article
Neurosciences
Yixuan Wang, Jian Liu, Yanping Hui, Zhongheng Wu, Ling Wang, Xiang Wu, Yihua Bai, Qiaojun Zhang, Libo Li
Summary: This study found that multiple blocks of iTBS have dose and time-dependent effects on hippocampus-dependent memory in PD, which may be related to changes in hippocampal c-Fos expression and theta rhythm.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Michel Modo, Katherine Sparling, Jacob Novotny, Nikhita Perry, Lesley M. Foley, T. Kevin Hitchens
Summary: In this study, a high-resolution map of intra-hippocampal connections was obtained using microscale diffusion MRI and tractography technique. The anatomical organization of the hippocampal head region was found to be associated with the complex organization of the granule cell layer. The study also revealed the specific angularity of fibers and different connections between hippocampal regions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shekib A. Jami, Brent J. Wilkinson, Ryan Guglietta, Nicolas Hartel, Walter E. Babiec, Nicholas A. Graham, Marcelo P. Coba, Thomas J. O'Dell
Summary: Activation of beta-adrenergic receptors enhances learning and memory, and facilitates the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). The effects of the beta-AR agonist isoproterenol on LTP induction were examined in the ventral hippocampus. Beta-AR activation regulates phosphorylation of postsynaptic density (PSD) proteins, suggesting its involvement in LTP induction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karen Wendt, Majid Memarian Sorkhabi, Charlotte J. Stagg, Melanie K. Fleming, Timothy Denison, Jacinta O'Shea
Summary: This study compared the effects of monophasic and biphasic iTBS using a custom-made device and found that monophasic iTBS induced a stronger increase in motor corticospinal excitability, suggesting its potential for greater functional impact.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Nan Chen, Johanna K. Kostka, Sebastian H. Bitzenhofer, Ileana L. Hanganu-Opatz
Summary: The interplay between olfaction and higher cognitive processing in the adult brain is well-documented, but its development remains poorly understood. In this study on mice, early activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) was found to have a significant impact on the development and maturation of cognitive abilities. By temporarily silencing the synaptic outputs of mitral/tufted cells, researchers observed a long-lasting reduction of oscillatory coupling and weaker responsiveness to stimuli in the developing entorhinal-hippocampal circuits. This was accompanied by dendritic sparsification of LEC pyramidal neurons. The transient silencing also resulted in reduced performance on behavioral tests involving entorhinal-hippocampal circuits later in life. These findings highlight the critical role of neonatal OB activity in the functional development of entorhinal-hippocampal circuits and cognitive abilities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Adeel, Bor-Shing Lin, Hung-Chou Chen, Chien-Hung Lai, Jian-Chiun Liou, Chun-Wei Wu, Wing P. Chan, Chih-Wei Peng
Summary: Paired stimulation of the brain and spinal cord can induce motor neuroplasticity in an animal model with spinal cord injury. The effects of stimulation vary depending on the extent and severity of the injury. This study aimed to determine the effects of 3 and 20 minutes of stimulation on an incomplete spinal cord injury rat model. The results showed that specific combinations of stimulation techniques and durations significantly improved electrophysiological and locomotion outcomes in the animal model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jennifer M. Yonan, Oswald Steward
Summary: Deletion of the PTEN gene leads to neuronal hypertrophy and formation of abnormal neural networks, resulting in spontaneous seizures. This study demonstrates that PTEN deletion in mature neurons causes growth of cell bodies and dendrites, disrupting connectivity in mature circuits.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Guillaume Etter, James E. Carmichael, Sylvain Williams
Summary: Oscillations in neural activity, particularly theta rhythms in the hippocampus, play a crucial role in learning and memory. While loss of theta rhythmicity impairs memory, spatial-temporal representations persist in altered hippocampal oscillations. This review aims to investigate the contribution of hippocampal oscillations and single-neuron activity to memory function, and propose hypotheses for how septohippocampal oscillations support memory function without directly contributing to hippocampal sequences.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)