Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Fu-Chen Yang, Jay L. Vivian, Catherine Traxler, Steven M. Shapiro, John A. Stanford
Summary: This study investigates the potential of using stem cell transplantation to treat dystonia in kernicterus. Human embryonic stem cells were differentiated into MGE-like neural precursor cells and transplanted into the GP of jaundiced rats. The transplanted cells survived in the brain and expressed characteristics of the normal GP, but with low survival rate and varying maturity.
CELL TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asier Aristieta, Massimo Barresi, Shiva Azizpour Lindi, Gregory Barriere, Gilles Courtand, Brice de la Cromp, Lise Guilhemsang, Sophie Gauthier, Stephanie Fioramonti, Jerome Baufreton, Nicolas P. Mallet
Summary: The basal ganglia inhibit movements through two independent pathways, and affect external globus pallidus neurons differently. Recent research suggests that arkypallidal neurons play a role in a novel disynaptic feedback loop, inhibiting locomotion only when their activity increases.
Article
Biology
Alexander Kaplan, Aviv D. Mizrahi-Kliger, Pnina Rappel, Liliya Iskhakova, Gennadiy Fonar, Zvi Israel, Hagai Bergman
Summary: Integrated analysis of non-human primate data reveals that pauses in GPe firing are associated with pupil dilation, suggesting that GPe pauses may influence basal ganglia downstream structures and play a role in exploratory behavior.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Osvaldo Vilela-Filho, Uliana M. Santos, Jacqueline C. Castro, Diego M. Reis, Pryscilla M. S. Domingues-Hajj, Barbara A. Morais, Joaquim T. Souza, Delson J. Silva, Flavia T. Grandi-Miranda, Camila R. Dalle, Caroline B. S. S. Milhomem
Summary: This study confirmed that patients with Tourette syndrome exhibit involuntary movements after drug intervention, confirming the related theory.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Maya Ketzef, Gilad Silberberg
Summary: The rodent external globus pallidus (GPe) contains two main neuronal subpopulations, prototypic and arkypallidal cells, with distinct functional synaptic connectivity patterns. Both subpopulations receive excitatory and inhibitory inputs during slow wave activity and respond to sensory stimulation with multiphasic patterns. The connectivity patterns of GPe subtypes underlie their respective functional roles.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wei Li, Ling Yue, Shifu Xiao
Summary: This study found that internet use may be a protective factor for mild cognitive impairment among older Chinese adults, and it may prevent cognitive decline by affecting the volume of the globus pallidus.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Joshua W. Callahan, David L. Wokosin, Mark D. Bevan
Summary: This study used optogenetics and electrophysiology to reveal some characteristics of early Huntington's disease, including abnormal activity of the indirect pathway neurons and changes in inhibitory mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jinlu Xie, Tao Li, Tingting He, Rong Xu, Xianshan Zhang, Xuenan Wang, Xiwen Geng
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can be effectively treated by deep brain stimulation. By investigating the impact of GPe-DBS on the pathway of the basal ganglia, it was found that electrical activity of GPi in PD rats can be improved, suggesting an important mechanism for treating PD.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ning Hua, Olga Minaeva, Nicola Lupoli, Erich S. Franz, Xiuping Liu, Juliet A. Moncaster, Katharine J. Babcock, Hernan Jara, Yorghos Tripodis, Ali Guermazi, Jorge A. Soto, Stephan W. Anderson, Lee E. Goldstein
Summary: This study compared the effects of different contrast agents on gadolinium retention in the rat forebrain using MRI and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis. The results showed differences between MRI and mass spectrometry measures of gadolinium retention, suggesting that some forms of retained gadolinium may not be detected by MRI.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adel E. Khairullin, Sergey N. Grishin, Ayrat U. Ziganshin
Summary: ATP and adenosine play important roles in regulating the release of acetylcholine at the neuro-muscular synapse. ATP acts through phospholipase C dependent processes, while adenosine has both negative and positive effects mediated by different receptor mechanisms.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alireza Shariati, Tahereh Ebrahimi, Parva Babadinia, Fatemeh Sadat Shariati, Reza Ahangari Cohan
Summary: A new class of dual contrast agents based on polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs) targeted with hyaluronic acid (HA) has been developed and tested for better contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). The synthesized PDA-NPs showed a spherical morphology and good stability, with low toxicity and similar contrast performance compared to commercial agents.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhongxin Li, Liren Ding, Chunlong Mu, Weiyun Zhu, Suqin Hang
Summary: This study found that increased levels of soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) in the small intestine of pigs can promote the synthesis of dopamine and acetylcholine in the hypothalamus. This is achieved through the activation of the cAMP signaling pathway and results in increased production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is important for cognitive function.
Review
Cell Biology
Letizia Zanetti, Maria Regoni, Elena Ratti, Flavia Valtorta, Jenny Sassone
Summary: AMPARs play essential roles in both postsynaptic plasticity and presynaptic neurotransmitter release modulation. Recent studies suggest that presynaptic AMPARs may contribute to axonal pathology, pain transmission regulation, and auditory system physiology. These findings highlight the potential of presynaptic AMPARs as novel pharmacological targets for various pathological conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Jin-Jin Yu, Yan Xue, Ying Wang, Cui Liu, Lei Chen
Summary: Endocannabinoids play a key role in central motor control, particularly in the globus pallidus (GP) where cannabinoid receptors CB1R and CB2R are expressed. Cannabinoids exert diverse electrophysiological effects in the GP, primarily through CB1R, and produce complex behavioral responses.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kathrin Barbara Krug, Christina Jane Burke, Kilian Weiss, Pascal A. T. Baltzer, Kerstin Rhiem, David Maintz, Marc Schlamann, Martin Hellmich
Summary: Aging had an effect on T2 and R2* relaxation times in young to middle-aged healthy females, while prior GBCA applications influenced T1 relaxation times to a lesser degree.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)