Article
Cell Biology
Hui Ho Vanessa Chang, Anna A. Cook, Alanna J. Watt, Kathleen E. Cullen
Summary: SCA6(84Q) mutant mice show impaired vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic reflex, as well as significantly reduced VOR motor learning, suggesting altered cerebellar output contributes to gaze stabilization and motor learning deficits.
Article
Cell Biology
Agnes Magyar, Eva Racz, Clara Matesz, Ervin Wolf, Peter Kiss, Botond Gaal
Summary: Damage to the vestibular sense organs can result in static and dynamic deficits in eye movements, posture, and vegetative functions. This study examines the changes in brevican expression in the perineuronal nets of the superior vestibular nucleus after unilateral labyrinth lesion. The findings suggest that the reduction of brevican in the perineuronal nets of the superior vestibular nucleus may contribute to vestibular plasticity by suspending its non-permissive role in the restoration of perineuronal net assembly. The bilateral changes in brevican expression also support the involvement of commissural vestibular fibers in vestibular compensation.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Roberto Panichi, Cristina Dieni, Jacqueline A. Sullivan, Andrea Biscarini, Samuele Contemori, Mario Faralli, Vito E. Pettorossi
Summary: This study suggests that the activation of androgenic neural pathways is involved in the process of fast VOR adaptation, but may not be essential for neural information processing demands in basal ocular-motor reflexes.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Franziska Schauer, Georgia Tasiopoulou, Daniel Schuster, Max Behrens, Sabine Mueller, Dimitra Kiritsi
Summary: DH is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder that represents the cutaneous manifestation of celiac disease. This study evaluated the diagnostic benefits of using monkey oesophagus or liver tissue as substrates in patients with DH. The results showed that monkey liver substrate is well suitable for DH diagnostics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sepehr Ghafari, Mehrdad Ehsani, Fereidoon Moghadas Nejad
Summary: Fracture resistance curves (R-curves) provide a comprehensive tool for understanding crack propagation in engineering materials. This study conducted experiments on various HMA mixtures and used machine learning to develop prediction models for R-curves, finding that mixtures incorporating 20% crumb rubber showed desirable fracture resistance characteristics at low temperatures and could be successfully predicted.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emmiliisa Vuorinen, Salla Valtonen, Nazia Hassan, Randa Mahran, Huda Habib, Morteza Malakoutikhah, Kari Kopra, Harri Harma
Summary: Proteases are enzymes that hydrolyze protein peptide bonds, regulating the activity, signaling mechanism, fate, and localization of proteins, with dysregulation associated with various pathological conditions. They have been identified as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for multiple diseases. Simple, rapid, and sensitive protease activity assays are needed for studying proteases and their substrates and inhibitors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shotaro Harada, Takao Imai, Yasumitsu Takimoto, Yumi Ohta, Takashi Sato, Takefumi Kamakura, Noriaki Takeda, Tadashi Kitahara, Makoto Kondo, Yuya Ueno, Shoichi Shimada, Hidenori Inohara
Summary: This study tested the otolith-ocular reflex in lateral-eyed mice and proposed a new index for assessing eye movements, showing that mice did not exhibit appropriate horizontal eye movement during translational movement but instead showed unnecessary vertical torsion-like eye movements.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kantapon Pum Wiboonsaksakul, Dale C. Roberts, Charles C. Della Santina, Kathleen E. Cullen
Summary: Implementing natural encoding strategies improves the performance of vestibular prosthesis, while more dynamic tunings may not be beneficial. Using computational methods, a simple model can explain eye movements evoked by different stimulation modes, and the activation efficacy should be considered in prosthesis encoding. These findings are important for improving functional outcomes in prosthesis development.
Article
Forestry
Petri Widsten, Tarja Tamminen, Antti Paajanen, Tuula Hakkarainen, Tiina Liitia
Summary: The study compared the flame-retardant performance of unmodified and modified technical lignins in polyolefin matrix, demonstrating that modified lignins, especially CatLignin modified by the Mannich reaction, showed superior flame-retardant properties.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clayton Gordy, Hans Straka
Summary: Gaze stabilization relies on bilateral mirror-symmetric vestibular endorgans, central circuits, and extraocular motor effectors. The study found that significant motor outputs can develop even in the presence of a singular inner ear. Surprisingly, robust vestibulo-ocular reflexes were observed in most cases, regardless of the direction of motion, but they were often attenuated during motion towards the missing ear.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Malgorzata Kubczak, Sylwia Michlewska, Michael Karimov, Alexander Ewe, Sandra Noske, Achim Aigner, Maria Bryszewska, Maksim Ionov
Summary: Polyethylenimines (PEIs) are efficient non-viral nanocarriers for nucleic acid delivery. Tyrosine modification of PEI reduces toxicity and increases membrane interaction. The effects are dependent on the PEI structure and molecular weight.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nguyen Xuan Loc, Phan Thi Thanh Tuyen, Le Chi Mai, Do Thi My Phuong
Summary: In this study, chitosan and biochar were produced from shrimp shell and rice husk, respectively, and were used to synthesize chitosan-modified biochar hydrogel beads. The adsorption performance of the biochar and chitosan-modified biochar for methyl orange was tested, and it was found that the adsorption process was pH-dependent and followed the pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models. The Langmuir model provided the best fit for the adsorption isotherm data. The chitosan-modified biochar showed higher adsorption capacity than biochar alone, indicating its effectiveness as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange from aqueous solution.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yo-Ping Huang, Chun-Ming Su, Haobijam Basanta, Yau-Liang Tsai
Summary: The complexity of defect detection in ceramic substrates leads to interclass and intraclass imbalance problems. Traditional methods rely on identifying flaws based on aberrant material occurrences and characteristic quantities. The proposed method utilizes unsupervised learning and deep learning to address the challenges of detecting defects in ceramic substrates, outperforming other methods according to experimental results.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haowen Cai, Yizhu Shen, Sanming Hu
Summary: In this paper, a method to automatically optimize SIW couplers with different power-dividing ratios is proposed. This method utilizes a cascade model to classify a four-port SIW network into coupling and phase difference elements, and uses deep Q-network (DQN) to automatically determine the order of these elements. A library is built to store the optimization results, allowing for quick access to SIW couplers with different power-dividing ratios. Experimental verification demonstrates the effectiveness of this method and its potential for application in the design and optimization of other circuits.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Kishore Balasubramanian, Ananthamoorthy Nalligoundenpalayam Periyasamy, Ramya Kishore
Summary: This paper proposes a novel and robust predictive method for face recognition using modified spider monkey optimization and probabilistic neural network. The method overcomes the limitations of traditional spider monkey optimization by enhancing its performance and improving convergence. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy and robustness, outperforming other evolutionary algorithms in feature selection.