Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haruka Motomura, Makoto Ioroi, Kazutoshi Murakami, Atsushi Kuhara, Akane Ohta
Summary: This study revealed that Caenorhabditis elegans exhibited temperature acclimation plasticity, which was regulated by a head-tail-head neural circuitry and gut fat storage. The worms memorized the experience of cold and prepared against subsequent cold stimuli. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein played a regulatory role in temperature acclimation. The communication between different neurons in the neural circuitry was mediated by glutamatergic signaling. Gut fat storage regulation, activated by a neuropeptide downstream of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein, was responsible for temperature acclimation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Primoz Ravbar, Neil Zhang, Julie H. Simpson
Summary: Central pattern generators (CPGs) are neural circuits that produce periodic output without requiring patterned input. Studies on Drosophila grooming behavior suggest that it may be controlled by nested CPGs operating at different time scales. These nested CPGs simplify the generation of complex but repetitive behaviors, with potential alternative control modes when sensory drive is disrupted.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanhui Hao, Weiqi Liu, Yujie Liu, Ying Liu, Zhengtao Xu, Yumeng Ye, Hongmei Zhou, Hua Deng, Hongyan Zuo, Hong Yang, Yang Li
Summary: The existence and effects of nonthermal radiofrequency radiation (RFR) are still unknown. This study used mice to establish an animal model of spatial memory impairment through exposure to 2856-MHz RFR within the range of thermal noise. The study found that RFR affects glutamate and dopamine release in the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) CA1 region, leading to modulations in ongoing neuronal activity and nervous system function at the neural circuit level.
Article
Entomology
Mengnan Shi, Kun Dong, Jie Wu, Jiaxing Huang
Summary: Low temperature acclimation can increase lipid accumulation in bumble bee queens during prediapause and reduce their consumption of protein, lipids, and total sugars during diapause.
Article
Neurosciences
Varoth Lilascharoen, Eric Hou-Jen Wang, Nam Do, Stefan Carl Pate, Amanda Ngoc Tran, Christopher Dabin Yoon, Jun-Hyeok Choi, Xiao-Yun Wang, Horia Pribiag, Young-Gyun Park, Kwanghun Chung, Byung Kook Lim
Summary: The study investigates the functional roles of distinct GPe-PV neuronal populations in controlling behaviors such as locomotion and reversal learning, and reveals their different contributions to various PD-related behaviors.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Sport Sciences
Zi-Siong Chow, Ashleigh T. Moreland, Helen Macpherson, Wei-Peng Teo
Summary: Resistance exercise has been shown to induce neuroplastic changes within the central nervous system and improve cognitive functioning, making it a potential novel adjuvant rehabilitation strategy for populations with neurological impairments. Proper manipulation of exercise parameters is crucial in enhancing cognitive health through resistance training.
Article
Forestry
Yali Ju, Chuankuan Wang, Nan Wang, Xiankui Quan
Summary: In this study, the effects of climate warming on photosynthesis were investigated by transplanting Dahurian larch trees from different sites in China into a common garden. The results showed that warming treatment significantly increased the maximum net photosynthetic rate (A(max)) and promoted A(max) primarily through increasing carboxylation and photosynthetic electron transport rates and leaf nitrogen supply. The effect of climate warming on the optimal photosynthetic temperature (T-opt) was significant for trees from the northern sites but disappeared for trees transplanted to the common garden, indicating limited local thermal acclimation. These findings deepen the understanding of how intraspecific photosynthetic responses to temperature changes and can improve predictions of tree growth and forest carbon cycling under climate warming.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kadi T. Nguyen, Chloe A. Gates, James E. Hassell, Christine L. Foxx, Stephanie N. Salazar, Amalia K. Luthens, Andrea L. Arnold, Brooke L. Elam, Ahmed Elsayed, Mathias Leblanc, Sean C. Adams, Christopher A. Lowry, Jon D. Reuter
Summary: Each year, over 16 million people in the United States suffer from a depressive episode, with females being twice as likely to be affected as males. Exposure to high altitude may increase the risk of developing major depressive disorder, leading to an increase in endophenotypes of self-directed suicidal violence, with a sex-specific manner. Exposure to moderate-high altitude induces increased inflammation, anhedonia, and depressive-like behavioral responses in both male and female rats.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Michael Ben-Yosef, Eleni Verykouki, Yam Altman, Esther Nemni-Lavi, Nikos T. Papadopoulos, David Nestel
Summary: Environmental adaptability and genetics influence the tolerance of insects to climatic stress, thus limiting their distribution range. Temperature acclimation may enhance the survival capability of fruit flies by affecting feeding and metabolism, leading to increased energy reserves and improved resistance to starvation and desiccation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mary J. Woodruff, Layne O. Sermersheim, Sarah E. Wolf, Kimberly A. Rosvall
Summary: Increasingly frequent and intense heatwaves pose new challenges for organisms. However, our understanding of how animals cope with sub-lethal heat is still limited. In this study, we conducted an experiment with nestling tree swallows to investigate the behavioral and physiological responses to a heatwave. The results suggest that these nestlings are generally resilient to heat, with the exception of lower gene expression for a key antioxidant defense. Our findings provide insights into species persistence in the face of climate change.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Kun Xing, Fei Zhao
Summary: This study focuses on the effects of daily temperature amplitudes (DTAs) on diamondback moths, and reveals that DTAs significantly affect their longevity, fecundity, and thermal tolerance. These findings emphasize the importance of considering DTAs in prediction models.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tania Mesa, Javier Polo, Alba Arabia, Vicent Caselles, Sergi Munne-Bosch
Summary: The study found that under extreme temperatures, high temperatures have a negative impact on tomato fruit yield, decreasing fruit yield, while low temperatures do not negatively affect plant physiology, with yields similar to controls. Additionally, both high and low temperatures increased the total soluble solids content of the fruits, suggesting that temperature control may be used as a strategy to modulate fruit quality.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Jingxiang Zhou, Dedong Min, Zilong Li, Xiaodong Fu, Xiuming Zhao, Jihan Wang, Xinhua Zhang, Fujun Li, Xiaoan Li
Summary: Chilling acclimation and MeJA treatments are effective ways to enhance chilling resistance in tomato fruits by promoting starch degradation and sucrose accumulation, while inhibiting the increase of glucose and fructose contents.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Md Jakiul Islam, Matthew James Slater, Rajko Thiele, Andreas Kunzmann
Summary: The physiological responses of European seabass to extreme cold events varied depending on the salinity conditions they were acclimatized in. Fish acclimatized at intermediary salinities (6 and 12 PSU) showed better growth, immune responses, and antioxidant capacity during exposure to extreme cold (8 degrees C) compared to those acclimatized at higher or lower salinities. This suggests that acclimation at optimal salinities could enhance the resilience of ectotherms to extreme climatic events driven by climate change.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xinrui Zhang, Xiaoyuan Wang, Zhenyu Ge, Zhilong Li, Mingyang Wu, Shekharsuman Borah
Summary: The memristor-based neural network configuration is a promising approach to realizing artificial neural networks at the hardware level. This work presents a new synaptic circuit based on memristors and CMOS, which can adjust synaptic weights using one control signal and explains the relationship between weights and signal duration. The proposed configurations are verified using SPICE simulation.
