Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Tara Grimsley-Moore, Francesca M. Chappell, Michael J. Thrippleton, Paul A. Armitage, Eleni Sakka, Stephen Makin, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: Research suggests that cognitive performance at 1 and 3 years post-lacunar stroke may be associated with increased WMH in the external capsule, intersection between the anterior limb of the internal and external capsules, and optical radiation. The location of the lacunar stroke may not necessarily predict cognitive scores.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
V. Fruhwirth, C. Enzinger, S. Fandler-Hoefler, M. Kneihsl, S. Eppinger, S. Ropele, R. Schmidt, T. Gattringer, D. Pinter
Summary: This study suggests that preexisting moderate-to-severe white matter hyperintensities (WMH) may negatively affect the restoration of cognitive function after recent small subcortical infarction (RSSI), indicating limited functional reserve in patients with preexisting small vessel disease (SVD).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Cliff Deyo, Robyn Langdon
Summary: The study found that higher-order reasoning, executive function, and language/semantic functioning are the primary drivers of formal thought disorder (FTD) in non-clinical samples with elevated schizotypal traits, in line with schizophrenia research. This suggests that FTD may have shared aetiology along the schizophrenia spectrum.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Tara Grimsley-Moore, Eleni Sakka, Michael J. Thrippleton, Francesca M. Chappell, Paul A. Armitage, Stephen Makin, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: Research has shown a correlation between the volume of white matter hyperintensities and the number of lacunes in patients with lacunar strokes, while the location of recent small subcortical infarcts may affect the spatial distribution and evolution of the white matter hyperintensities. Vascular risk factors such as hypertension and smoking could further influence the relationship between these different brain lesions.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Salvatore Rudilosso, Luis Mena, Diana Esteller, Marta Olivera, Juan Jose Mengual, Caterina Montull, Laura Castrillo, Xabier Urra, Manuel Gomez-Choco
Summary: CSO location of RSSI was associated with a higher burden of CSVD, particularly white matter hyperintensity. Higher CSVD burden score was positively associated with CSO location and inversely associated with SSS location.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Grace A. Carroll, V. Tamara Montrose, Tom Burke
Summary: The study found excellent psychometrics in a large community cohort for the RMET Short Forms (A and B), with significant negative correlations between social cognitive performance and high self-report psychopathy. The item valence within the social cognitive measure (positive, negative, and neutral affect stimuli) also significantly correlated with both Primary and Secondary Psychopathic traits.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Marcelo L. Schwarzbold, Robert S. Kern, Derek M. Novacek, Jessica E. McGovern, Lauren T. Catalano, Michael F. Green
Summary: Research on self-stigma in individuals with psychotic disorders found that correlates include Experiential Stigma, Stereotype Endorsement, and Stigma Resistance. Experiential Stigma is associated with severity of affective symptoms and vocational status, while Stigma Resistance is associated with higher social and non-social cognition, and vocational status. Ultimately, this information may help in understanding self-stigma mechanisms in this population.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Michele Porcu, Luigi Cocco, Sirio Cocozza, Giuseppe Pontillo, Annunziata Operamolla, Giovanni Defazio, Jasjit S. Suri, Arturo Brunetti, Luca Saba
Summary: The study found statistically significant correlations between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and cognitive test scores, as well as an association between total WMH burden (tWMHb) and reduced neural activity in various brain regions, particularly the prefrontal cortex, precuneus, and cerebellar crus I/II. This suggests that WMH burden is linked to impairments in neurocognitive function among healthy individuals.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Nahrie Suk Kim, Tae Young Lee, Wu Jeong Hwang, Yoo Bin Kwak, Seowoo Kim, Sun-Young Moon, Silvia Kyungjin Lho, Sanghoon Oh, Jun Soo Kwon
Summary: The study found that in patients with first-episode psychosis, ToM strange story scores were positively correlated with the white matter integrity of the left cingulum and left SLF. This suggests that the left cingulum and SLF may constitute a neural basis for ToM deficits in schizophrenia.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Qinmei Kuang, Muhua Huang, Yumeng Lei, Lin Wu, Chen Jin, Jiankun Dai, Fuqing Zhou
Summary: This study investigates the white matter pathways associated with white matter hyperintensity lesions (WMHL), aiming to identify neural correlates for clinical features in patients with WMHL. The results show that hypertension score, MoCA score, and BMI are significantly correlated with disrupted white matter connectivity in patients with WMHL.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anne Arola, Hanna M. Laakso, Johanna Pitkanen, Juha Koikkalainen, Jyrki Lotjonen, Antti Korvenoja, Timo Erkinjuntti, Susanna Melkas, Hanna Jokinen
Summary: In subjects with varying degrees of WMH, cognitive reserve has strong and consistent associations with cognitive functioning. Education is widely associated with objective cognitive functioning, whereas lifetime engagement in cognitively stimulating leisure activities (mCRS) has independent predictive value on memory performance and subjective cognitive complaints. Psychological resilience is strongly associated with subjective, but not objective, cognitive functioning.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neuroimaging
Luca Melazzini, Clare E. Mackay, Valentina Bordin, Sana Suri, Eniko Zsoldos, Nicola Filippini, Abda Mahmood, Vaanathi Sundaresan, Marina Codari, Eugene Duff, Archana Singh-Manoux, Mika Kivimaki, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Mark Jenkinson, Francesco Sardanelli, Ludovica Griffanti
Summary: The location and intensity information of WMHs play a crucial role in their association with cognitive performance, with periventricular T1w-hypointense WMHs showing significant impact on cognitive tests. Total WMH volume, however, does not seem to be directly related to cognition.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Firat Soylu, Kaitlyn May, Rajesh Kana
Summary: This study investigated white matter volume and gray matter volume differences between autistic and nonautistic samples, and their relationships with age and theory of mind (ToM) skills. The results showed widespread differences in both gray and white matter volumes between the two groups in regions crucial for social processes. The autistic group exhibited different correlations between age and structural changes compared to the nonautistic group, suggesting abnormalities in developmental structural changes. Additionally, differences were found in how gray and white matter volumes relate to ToM skills, particularly in the left frontal regions and cingulate/corpus callosum, respectively. The left insula was identified as a crucial region distinguishing ToM performance between the two groups.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Monica Lopez-Vicente, Sander Lamballais, Suzanne Louwen, Manon Hillegers, Henning Tiemeier, Ryan L. Muetzel, Tonya White
Summary: Understanding the development of white matter microstructure in the general population is crucial for identifying its role in psychopathology. This study found associations between age, sex, handedness, and motor performance with white matter microstructure in children. Overall, age was linked to white matter microstructure, with differences observed between girls and boys in global mean diffusivity. Handedness did not show any differences in white matter microstructure, while corpus callosum FA was associated with finger tapping performance.
Article
Neurosciences
Heidi I. L. Jacobs, Dorothee Schoemaker, Hei Torrico-Teave, Yesica Zuluaga, Lina Velilla-Jimenez, Carolina Ospina-Villegas, Francisco Lopera, Joseph F. Arboleda-Velasquez, Yakeel T. Quiroz
Summary: This study investigates the biological cascade of microstructural and macrostructural white matter abnormalities underlying cognitive deficits in CADASIL. The study found that worse diffusivity in the left superior longitudinal temporal fasciculus is related to greater severity of small vessel disease and worse executive functioning in the asymptomatic stage of the disease. This finding holds promise as an indicator of disease progression.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Charlotte Dupe, Stephanie Guey, Lucie Biard, Sokhna Dieng, Jessica Lebenberg, Lina Grosset, Nassira Alili, Dominique Herve, Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve, Eric Jouvent, Sylvie Chevret, Hugues Chabriat
Summary: The prevalence of cysteine mutations in the NOTCH3 gene responsible for CADASIL was found to be more than 100 times higher in the general population than in patients. The mutation location in the EGFr-like domains of the NOTCH3 receptor has a major impact on the clinical severity and imaging features of the disease. The exact mechanisms underlying the effects of mutation location on the disease still need to be determined.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ren Wei, Xiaolu Xu, Yunyun Duan, Ningnannan Zhang, Jie Sun, Haiqing Li, Yuxin Li, Yongmei Li, Chun Zeng, Xuemei Han, Fuqing Zhou, Muhua Huang, Runzhi Li, Zhizheng Zhuo, Frederik Barkhof, James H. Cole, Yaou Liu
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical significance of deep learning-derived brain age prediction in NMOSD and RRMS. The results showed that both NMOSD and RRMS patients had a significantly higher brain age gap compared to healthy controls. The brain age gap was associated with baseline disability score, advanced brain volume loss, and disease duration. Additionally, the brain age gap predicted the worsening of disability status in both NMOSD and RRMS patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rosa Cortese, Ferran Prados Carrasco, Carmen Tur, Alessia Bianchi, Wallace Brownlee, Floriana De Angelis, Isabel de la Paz, Francesco Grussu, Lukas Haider, Anu Jacob, Baris Kanber, Lise Magnollay, Richard S. Nicholas, Anand Trip, Marios Yiannakas, Ahmed T. Toosy, Yael Hacohen, Frederik Barkhof, Olga Ciccarelli
Summary: This study investigated whether imaging characteristics could differentiate between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). The results showed that the proportion of lesions with the central vein sign (CVS) was the most accurate measure to differentiate RRMS from AQP4-NMOSD, while white matter lesions were the most accurate measure to discriminate RRMS from MOGAD.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sophie A. Martin, Florence J. Townend, Frederik Barkhof, James H. Cole
Summary: Machine learning research for automated dementia diagnosis is growing in popularity, but its clinical impact has been limited so far. The challenge lies in developing robust and generalizable models that can provide reliable explanations for their decisions. Some models are inherently interpretable, while post hoc explainability methods can be used for other models.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
P. M. Cogswell, C. R. Jack Jr, J. A. Barakos, F. Barkhof, T. S. Benzinger, C. A. Raji, T. Y. Poussaint, V. K. Ramanan, C. T. Whitlow
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jieqing Jiao, Fiona Heeman, Rachael Dixon, Catriona Wimberley, Isadora Lopes Alves, Juan Domingo Gispert, Adriaan A. Lammertsma, Bart N. M. van Berckel, Casper da Costa-Luis, Pawel Markiewicz, David M. Cash, M. Jorge Cardoso, Sebastien Ourselin, Maqsood Yaqub, Frederik Barkhof
Summary: This paper introduces a Python-based software package called NiftyPAD for versatile analyses of dynamic PET data. NiftyPAD can handle dual-time window scans, pharmacokinetic modelling, and PET data-based motion correction. It produces comparable results with established software packages and has the advantages of multi-platform usage, modular setup, and lightweight.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Zoe Mendelsohn, Hugh G. Pemberton, James Gray, Olivia Goodkin, Ferran Prados Carrasco, Michael Scheel, Jawed Nawabi, Frederik Barkhof
Summary: This article provides a systematic review of commercial QReports for multiple sclerosis (MS), highlighting limited evidence regarding clinical validation and in-use evaluation, particularly the lack of clinician end-user testing. The review aims to provide clinicians and institutions with the available evidence when considering adopting a quantitative reporting tool for MS.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lyduine E. Collij, Gill Farrar, David Vallez Garcia, Ilona Bader, Mahnaz Shekari, Luigi Lorenzini, Hugh Pemberton, Daniele Altomare, Sandra Pla, Mery Loor, Pawel Markiewicz, Maqsood Yaqub, Christopher Buckley, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Agneta Nordberg, Pierre Payoux, Andrew Stephens, Rossella Gismondi, Pieter Jelle Visser, Lisa Ford, Mark Schmidt, Cindy Birck, Jean Georges, Anja Mett, Zuzana Walker, Merce Boada, Alexander Drzezga, Rik Vandenberghe, Bernard Hanseeuw, Frank Jessen, Michael Scholl, Craig Ritchie, Isadora Lopes Alves, Juan Domingo Gispert, Frederik Barkhof, AMYPAD Consortium
Summary: Amyloid Imaging to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease (AMYPAD) consortium aims to provide evidence on the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging in AD diagnosis and support clinical trial design. AMYPAD has contributed significantly to understanding of amyloid deposition in the brain and improving measurement methodology. Future steps include integrating and curating available clinical data for wider scientific access.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ariane G. Bollack, Hugh G. E. Pemberton, Lyduine E. Collij, Pawel M. Markiewicz, David M. Cash, Gill Farrar, Frederik Barkhof
Summary: This review summarizes the current design and methodologies of longitudinal PET studies, utilizing positron emission tomography to quantify amyloid and tau pathology. The intrinsic variability of AD protein load over time and technical factors contributing to PET measurement uncertainty are detailed. Suggestions for mitigating these factors, including leveraging shared information between serial scans, are provided.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. J. Stam, A. M. van Nifterick, W. de Haan, A. A. Gouw
Summary: Network hyperexcitability (NH) is an important feature of Alzheimer's disease, and functional connectivity (FC) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for NH. In this study, a whole brain computational model was used to investigate the relationship between hyperexcitability and FC, and it was found that FC is sensitive to changes in E/I balance.
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. Reyes, A. Jabouley, N. Alili, M. H. De Sanctis, C. Machado, A. Taleb, D. Herve, N. Dias-Gastellier, H. Chabriat
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the psychological impact of COVID-19 containment measures on CADASIL patients. The results showed that only 9% of patients experienced depressive symptoms, and the occurrence of stressor-related disorder was associated with socio-environmental factors such as living alone, unemployment, and having multiple children at home.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hanyi Chen, Alexandra Young, Neil P. Oxtoby, Frederik Barkhof, Daniel C. Alexander, Andre Altmann
Summary: This study examines the generalisability of data-driven Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression models using the SuStaIn algorithm. The results show consistent subtypes of atrophy in both datasets and high consistency in individuals' subtypes and stage assignments. The study also reveals associations between AD atrophy subtypes and risk factors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anne M. van Nifterick, Danique Mulder, Denise J. Duineveld, Marina Diachenko, Philip Scheltens, Cornelis J. Stam, Ronald E. van Kesteren, Klaus Linkenkaer-Hansen, Arjan Hillebrand, Alida A. Gouw
Summary: This study found a disrupted neuronal excitation-inhibition (E-I) balance in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly in those with AD dementia, but not in patients with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the study revealed that a lower E-I balance was associated with worse cognitive scores in AD dementia patients. Additional research is needed to validate the markers used in this study and to identify more indicators of E-I balance.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valerie Krivosic, Michel Paques, Dominique Herve, Cedric Duliere, Abbas Taleb, Nathalie Gastellier, Eric Jouvent, Jessica Lebenberg, Ramin Tadayoni, Hugues Chabriat
Summary: In patients with CADASIL, retinal vascular density (VD) decreases with age but does not appear to be related to the severity of clinical or imaging manifestations.
BMJ NEUROLOGY OPEN
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Wiesje M. van der Flier, Marjolein E. de Vugt, Ellen M. A. Smets, Marco Blom, Charlotte E. Teunissen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a significant healthcare challenge with no current cure. This perspective proposes a strategy to shift the focus towards the pre-dementia stages and invest in personalized medicine for diagnosis, prediction and prevention. It suggests empowering patients and the public to actively participate in managing their health and disease, and developing improved strategies for early intervention.
