Review
Clinical Neurology
Michelle F. Devine, Naga Kothapalli, Mahmoud Elkhooly, Divyanshu Dubey
Summary: This article provides an overview of the varied presentations of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes including onconeural antibodies and their associations, stressing the importance of early diagnosis and management for better patient outcomes. Management strategies and prognosis vary widely depending on underlying etiology, and tailoring treatment approaches based on relevant clinical information is crucial. Additionally, the article briefly discusses neurologic immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events that may present with paraneoplastic neurological syndrome phenotypes.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Sai Wang, Haiman Hou, Yao Tang, Shuang Zhang, Gege Wang, Ziyan Guo, Lina Zhu, Jun Wu
Summary: Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome refers to tumors that affect the nervous system without tumor metastasis. It is characterized by multiple antibodies targeting different antigens and causing various symptoms. The CV2/CRMP5 antibody is a major antibody in this syndrome, damaging the nervous system and resulting in limbic encephalitis, chorea, ocular manifestations, etc. Early detection of CV2/CRMP5 antibody is crucial for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome to improve prognosis.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yi Guo, Meng-Ting Cai, Qi-Lun Lai, Yang Zheng, Chun-Hong Shen, Yin-Xi Zhang
Summary: Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNSs) are disorders caused by cancer with immune-mediated pathogenesis. The study explored patients with anti-Ma2 antibody-associated PNS, demonstrating a frequent involvement of the peripheral nervous system, a potential association with multiple myeloma, and the clinical value of FAMD analysis.
Review
Oncology
Jingfang Lin, Minjin Wang, Jierui Wang, Jinmei Li
Summary: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) are neurological disorders triggered by distant tumors. Ovarian teratoma (OT) is the most common germ cell tumor in females, and the most common PNS associated with OT is anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. However, with the discovery of new antibodies, the clinical spectrum of OT-related PNSs is expanding. Our understanding of OT-related PNSs is still incomplete and more research is needed. These PNSs can present with various clinical manifestations, but most patients with OT-related PNSs respond well to early tumor resection and immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yazhi Deng, Xiaobo Zhang, Lei Wang, Xuelin Lu, Yunchun Gao, Zhenkai Wu, Zhenzhen Zhong
Summary: This study reported a rare case of anti-SOX1 antibody-associated paraneoplastic neurological syndrome caused by thyroid cancer. The patient presented with autonomic neuropathy, and a thyroid biopsy revealed papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. After total thyroidectomy, the patient's symptoms resolved quickly, and the serum anti-SOX1 antibody test results turned negative.
Article
Neuroimaging
Maelle Dade, Marine Giry, Giulia Berzero, Marion Benazra, Gilles Huberfeld, Delphine Leclercq, Vincent Navarro, Jean-Yves Delattre, Dimitri Psimaras, Agusti Alentorn
Summary: Patients with anti-GAD show a unique pattern of cortical atrophy in MRI, particularly in the temporal and frontal lobes as well as the V-lobule of the cerebellum. The MRIs of anti-GAD patients were accurately classified compared to controls, with a high AUC value, using a random forest model.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sophie L. Duong, Harald Pruess
Summary: The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized cancer treatment by increasing overall survival in patients with various tumors. However, ICIs can also lead to neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs) known as paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs). ICI-induced PNSs are rare but can have severe and life-threatening manifestations. Timely diagnosis and intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes. This review focuses on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management of PNSs, as well as potential therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for their treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Dinoto, Marta Cheli, Mauro Catalan, Sasha Olivo, Ilario Scali, Claudio Bertolotti, Arianna Sartori, Paolo Manganotti
Summary: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are rare and usually have an unfavorable prognosis. This retrospective study identified two cases of NHL-associated PNS, one with rapidly progressive cerebellar syndrome (RCPS) and the other with encephalomyelitis. Both patients had non-aggressive hematological disorders and showed minimal benefit from immunotherapy. The onconeural antibodies tested negative in both cases. The study suggests that NHL-associated PNS should not be overlooked, even in seronegative patients.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Malou Janssen, Flip van Broekhoven, Peter Sillevis Smitt, Maarten Frens, Jos van Der Geest
Summary: Research suggests that eye-movement disturbances are common in Hu-PNS patients, even in the absence of clinical signs of CNS involvement. Eye-movement recordings may serve as a valuable tool for objectively monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy in Hu-PNS patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Marsili, Samuel Marcucci, Joseph LaPorta, Martina Chirra, Alberto J. Espay, Carlo Colosimo
Summary: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) can manifest as various clinical syndromes of the central nervous system. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving the long-term outcome of these conditions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jia Song, Ying Zhang, Yue Lang, Yi-Heng Wang, Jie Shao, Li Cui
Summary: Our case report highlights a patient with anti-CV2 antibodies presenting with Parkinsonism and autonomic dysfunction, resembling multiple system atrophy with predominant Parkinsonism (MSA-P). The patient showed positive anti-CV2 antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid, with no evidence of tumor on PET-CT. Immunotherapy improved symptoms for 5 months, but the patient eventually passed away after 8 months. This suggests that PNS with anti-CV2 antibodies can mimic MSA-P, emphasizing the importance of screening for treatable or controllable factors in rapidly progressive MSA-mimic patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Vabanesi, Anne-Laurie Pinto, Alberto Vogrig, David Goncalves, Veronique Rogemond, Bastien Joubert, Nicole Fabien, Jerome Honnorat, Sergio Muniz-Castrillo
Summary: This study aimed to describe the clinical associations of SOX1 antibodies, determine the accuracy of various detection techniques, and propose laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes associated with SOX1 antibodies. The study found that SOX1 antibodies should only be considered high-risk when detected with a positive antigen-specific test and immunofluorescence. Other laboratory results and clinical associations should be carefully reassessed to rule out false positivity and alternative diagnoses.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Macarena Villagran-Garcia, Sergio Muniz-Castrillo, Nicolas Lundahl Ciano-Petersen, Alberto Vogrig, Antonio Farina, Marine Villard, Dimitri Psimaras, Agusti Alentorn, David Goncalves, Nicole Fabien, Veronique Rogemond, Bastien Joubert, Jerome Honnorat
Summary: The link between renal cell and bladder cancer and paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) is rare and uncertain. This study clinically evaluated these associations and found that bladder cancer patients had higher detection rates of high-risk antibodies and higher certainty of PNS diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Matteo Gastaldi, Silvia Scaranzin, Businaro Pietro, Anastasia Lechiara, Giampaola Pesce, Diego Franciotta, Lorenzo Lorusso
Summary: This review discusses the updated criteria for the diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) and provides new information on clinical phenotypes, neuronal autoantibodies (Nabs), and tumors. It also explores the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the occurrence of PNS-like disorders. Recent findings reveal that Nabs can target intracellular or surface neuronal proteins, with significant prognostic and pathogenic implications.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Cristina Valencia-Sanchez, Anastasia Zekeridou
Summary: With the rise of immune checkpoint inhibitor cancer immunotherapy, there is an increased risk of autoimmune neurological complications in malignancy patients, emphasizing the importance of early suspicion and diagnosis in preventing deterioration and improving outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ying Zhang, Juergen Kupferschlaeger, Peter Lang, Gerald Reischl, Rupert J. Handgretinger, Christian la Fougere, Helmut Dittmann
Summary: The study evaluated the tumor targeting of 131I-labeled chimeric GD2-antibody in patients with late-stage disease. The results showed that the antibody had high tumor uptake in neuroblastomas and radioimmunotherapy could be an effective treatment option for patients with high uptake.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Simon Greulich, Sergios Gatidis, Christoph Graeni, Ron Blankstein, Andreas Glatthaar, Katharina Mezger, Karin A. L. Mueller, Tatsiana Castor, Heiko Mahrholdt, Maik Haentschel, Juergen Hetzel, Helmut Dittmann, Konstantin Nikolaou, Meinrad Gawaz, Christian la Fougere, Patrick Krumm
Summary: The study investigates the diagnostic value of simultaneous hybrid cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for detection and differentiation of active and chronic cardiac sarcoidosis. The results show that comprehensive simultaneous hybrid CMR/FDG-PET imaging is useful for the detection of cardiac sarcoidosis and provides additional value for identifying active disease.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christian Philipp Reinert, Christina Pfannenberg, Helmut Dittmann, Brigitte Gueckel, Christian la Fougere, Konstantin Nikolaou, Sebastian Hoefert
Summary: This study investigated the imaging features of osteomyelitis of the jaw (OMJ) using [18F]fluoride positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET compared with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed that metabolic activity differs from morphologic changes and has the potential to provide a more accurate and objective assessment of the extent and activity of OMJ.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kambiz Rahbar, Markus Essler, Kim M. Pabst, Matthias Eiber, Christian la Fouge, Vikas Prasad, Philipp Rassek, Ergela Hasa, Helmut Dittmann, Ralph A. Bundschuh, Wolfgang P. Fendler, Milena Kurtinecz, Anja Schmall, Frank Verholen, Oliver Sartor
Summary: The RALU study evaluated the feasibility of using sequential a and b emitters in patients with bone-predominant metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The study found that treatment with 177Lu-PSMA after 223Ra was feasible and led to a prolongation of overall survival. Few adverse events, mainly anemia and thrombocytopenia, were observed during treatment.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jeremy F. Strain, Matthew R. Brier, Aaron Tanenbaum, Brian A. Gordon, John E. McCarthy, Aylin Dincer, Daniel S. Marcus, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Gregory S. Day, Christian la Fougere, Richard J. Perrin, Stephen Salloway, Peter R. Schofield, Igor Yakushev, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Jonathan Voeglein, John C. Morris, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Randall J. Bateman, Beau M. Ances, Abraham Z. Snyder
Summary: This study compared the differences in covariance-based and correlation-based resting state functional connectivity in elderly individuals and Alzheimer's disease patients. The results showed that aging is associated with a global loss of resting state fMRI signal amplitude, while correlation-based functional connectivity remains relatively preserved in healthy aging. In contrast, both symptomatic ADAD and LOAD lead to a loss of spontaneous activity amplitude as well as severely degraded correlation structure.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas Kuestner, Jonas Vogel, Tobias Hepp, Andrea Forschner, Christina Pfannenberg, Holger Schmidt, Nina F. Schwenzer, Konstantin Nikolaou, Christian la Fougere, Ferdinand Seith
Summary: The aim of this pilot study was to develop a prognostic tool for risk stratification in metastasized-melanoma patients based on PET/MRI and PET/CT. The study found that certain imaging biomarkers were correlated with patient's overall survival, but the handcrafted parameters could not identify high-risk patients. In contrast, the proposed convolutional neural network (CNN) provided risk stratification with high specificity and sensitivity.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ivo Rausch, Julia G. Mannheim, Juergen Kupferschlaeger, Christian la Fougere, Fabian P. Schmidt
Summary: This study aimed to assess the extent of useful aFOV of the Biograph Vision Quadra PET/CT system, with results showing stable image noise and contrast within the central 80 cm but increasing variability and noise beyond this range, particularly evident at short acquisition times.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Julia G. Mannheim, Ivo Rausch, Maurizio Conti, Christian la Fougere, Fabian P. Schmidt
Summary: The study aimed to determine the contrast recovery coefficients (CRCs) and voxel noise levels for multiple isotopes throughout the 1.06 m axial field of view (FOV) of the Biograph Vision Quadra PET/CT system. Cylindrical phantoms with different sphere sizes and isotopes were used to evaluate the partial volume effect (PVE). The results showed distinct differences in PVE within the FOV, which can significantly affect the quantitative analysis of patient data. MRD322 resulted in slightly lower CRC values and significantly reduced voxel noise compared to MRD85.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Manuela Straub, Jurgen Kupferschlaeger, Lina Maria Serna Higuita, Matthias Weissinger, Helmut Dittmann, Christian la Fougere, Francesco Fiz
Summary: Lu-177-PSMA-617 clearance rate from metastases in castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is found to be a relevant prognosticator of treatment response and patient survival. Faster clearance indicates shorter residence time and absorbed dose of the radiopharmaceutical. Dual-time-point analysis of consecutive posttherapy SPECT/CT scans appears to be a feasible approach to estimate treatment response and patient survival likelihood.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sebastian Werner, Julia Sekler, Brigitte Gueckel, Christian la Fougere, Konstantin Nikolaou, Christina Pfannenberg, Heike Preibsch, Tobias Engler, Susann-Cathrin Olthof
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of PET/CT on clinical management decisions in breast cancer patients. The results showed that PET/CT significantly influenced management changes, providing more reliable tumor staging and avoiding unnecessary diagnostic tests.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eduardo Calderon, Fabian P. Schmidt, Wenhong Lan, Salvador Castaneda-Vega, Andreas S. Brendlin, Nils F. Trautwein, Helmut Dittmann, Christian la Fougere, Lena Sophie Kiefer
Summary: PET/CT scanners with long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) can adjust imaging parameters by reducing injected activity or shortening acquisition time. The ultra-high sensitivity (UHS) mode in the Biograph Vision Quadra improves image quality, noise, and lesion detectability compared to the high sensitivity (HS) mode, while reducing [F-18]FDG activity doses does not significantly affect uptake parameters.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pia M. Linder, Wenhong Lan, Nils F. Trautwein, Julia Brosch-Lenz, Sebastian von Beschwitz, Juergen Kupferschlaeger, Gerald Reischl, Gerd Groezinger, Helmut Dittmann, Christian la Fougere, Fabian P. Schmidt
Summary: Optimized imaging protocol allows high image quality and quantification accuracy for post-treatment dosimetry of Y-90 radioembolization.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jonas Vogel, Ferdinand Seith, Arne Estler, Konstantin Nikolaou, Holger Schmidt, Christian la Fougere, Thomas Kuestner
Summary: In this study, we compared the differences of HIs/TFs between simulated and measured tracer dose reductions and evaluated the changes of HIs/TFs in the liver of PET patients. The results showed that most TFs did not differ significantly between measured and simulated doses, and most TFs exhibited a linear behavior over dose reduction. This suggests that texture analysis in PET might be robust to dose modulations.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Johannes Schwenck, Manfred Kneilling, Niels P. Riksen, Christian la Fougere, Douwe J. Mulder, Riemer J. H. A. Slart, Erik H. J. G. Aarntzen
Summary: The detection of occult infections and low-grade inflammation remains challenging in clinical practice. Molecular imaging provides quantitative data on inflammatory responses but is limited to visual analysis. Artificial intelligence can improve the detection sensitivity of molecular imaging in infections and inflammation, and push data analysis towards broader applications.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HYBRID IMAGING
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Fiz, G. Centurioni, C. La Fougere
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)