Article
Agronomy
Dominika Radzikowska-Kujawska, Paula John, Tomasz Piechota, Marcin Nowicki, Przemyslaw Lukasz Kowalczewski
Summary: In order to prevent further degradation of the environment, restrictions on the use of plant protection products and fertilizers are being strengthened annually. This study evaluated the effectiveness of four commercial biostimulants in improving the tolerance of winter wheat to drought stress. Among the biostimulants tested, those based on bacterial strains had the strongest positive effects on wheat plants' drought tolerance. These treatments led to higher CO2 assimilation, reduced transpiration values, and increased stomatal conductance under drought conditions, indicating improved water use efficiency. The use of these bacterial biostimulants also resulted in less damage to the photosynthetic apparatus and higher grain yield compared to other treatments. These findings suggest the potential of these biostimulants in mitigating drought-related yield losses in wheat.
Article
Agronomy
Hongru Li, Qiuyuan Xu, Chao Li, Jiaen Zhang, Qi Wang, Huimin Xiang, Yiliang Liu, Hui Wei, Zhong Qin
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of acid rain and rice blast on the photosynthetic growth of rice seedlings. It was found that medium acidity acid rain can alleviate the damage caused by rice blast and enhance plant resistance tolerance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Andrej Filacek, Marek Zivcak, Lorenzo Ferroni, Maria Barboricova, Kristina Gasparovic, Xinghong Yang, Marco Landi, Marian Brestic
Summary: The study found that high temperature significantly reduced the photosynthetic assimilation rate due to non-stomatal (biochemical) limitation of photosynthetic processes; chlorophyll fluorescence only showed a mild decrease in the quantum efficiency of photosystem II, indicating mainly reversible heat stress effects; heat stress led to a decrease in the number of active PS II reaction centers (RC/ABS) and overall activity of PSII (PIabs) in all genotypes, while PS I (parameter psi(REo)) was negatively influenced by heat stress only in the non-acclimated variant.
Article
Horticulture
Xiaoyu Yang, Yingyan Han, Jinghong Hao, Xiaoxiao Qin, Chaojie Liu, Shuangxi Fan
Summary: Exogenous spermidine application can increase chlorophyll content in lettuce, reduce chlorophyll synthesis inhibition, and protect chloroplasts from oxidative damage. It also improves net photosynthetic rate, reduces mitochondrial damage, and promotes lettuce growth in high-temperature environments.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Zorana Katanic, Selma Mlinaric, Natasa Katanic, Josipa Cosic, Valentina Spanic
Summary: Research evaluated the photosynthetic efficiency of wheat during different stages of Fusarium head blight (FHB) infection, revealing that FHB infection leads to adjustments in photosynthetic efficiency. Variability in photosynthetic adjustments was observed in flag leaves and ears, showing some variety-specific responses, with location playing a more significant role in modulating wheat's response to FHB infection.
Article
Forestry
Sara Natale, Nicoletta La Rocca, Mariano Battistuzzi, Tomas Morosinotto, Andrea Nardini, Alessandro Alboresi
Summary: Leaves are the primary photosynthetic organs for most woody plants, but chloroplasts are also present in organs optimized for other functions. The efficiency of these chloroplasts is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the chloroplasts in bark and wood of Fraxinus ornus saplings and found that despite receiving less light, wood chloroplasts were still capable of photosynthesis. The stem photosynthetic apparatus showed adaptations to low-light environments.
Article
Agronomy
Weiling Wang, Yuncan Xie, Chang Liu, Haidong Jiang
Summary: This study found that foliar spraying with EBR can significantly alleviate water loss and oxidative damage in soybean leaves under heat stress. EBR treatment increases the activity and content of antioxidant enzymes and substances, protecting the photosynthetic apparatus and relieving oxidative injury caused by heat stress. Additionally, soybean plants treated with EBR exhibit higher photosynthetic rate and biomass accumulation after recovery from heat stress.
Article
Agronomy
Qiang An, Chunlian Li, Hongwei Li, Qi Zheng, Bin Li, Zhensheng Li
Summary: A study on a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between two wheat varieties revealed the genetic relation between photosynthesis and grain yield-related traits. A total of 57 QTL associated with these traits were identified, and 12 QTL clusters were found to regulate multiple traits. Additionally, seven QTL clusters were associated with both photosynthesis and grain yield-related traits, and two QTL clusters co-located with reduced-height genes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Van Lam Nguyen, Lachlan Palmer, James Stangoulis
Summary: This study characterized the agronomic traits, gas exchange, and chlorophyll traits of two wheat genotypes that differ in phosphorus use efficiency (PUE). The results showed that the genotype with higher PUE exhibited better agronomic traits and photosynthetic capacity. These findings are important for screening for crop varieties with high PUE.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Junxiang Liu, Chao Sun, Fei-Fei Zhai, Zhenjian Li, Yongqiang Qian, Lin Gu, Zhenyuan Sun
Summary: The study found significant differences in structure, photosynthetic activity, and protein expression profiles between bark and leaf chloroplasts in Salix matsudana. Bark chloroplasts exhibited lower grana stacks, higher starch levels, and lower oxygen evolution rates compared to leaf chloroplasts. Additionally, key proteins in photosynthesis light reactions were downregulated in bark chloroplasts, while proteins involved in dark reactions showed upregulation, suggesting a potential role of bark chloroplasts in fixing CO2 from malate decarboxylation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Koichi Kobayashi, Kenji Suetsugu, Hajime Wada
Summary: Photosynthesis with chlorophyll in Cymbidium macrorhizon, a leafless orchid, provides energy for growth but comes with risks. Despite mostly relying on mycorrhizal fungi for carbon, this orchid shows some carbon acquisition through photosynthesis during fruiting. However, its photosynthetic characteristics are not fully understood. Compared to other orchids and a model plant, C. macrorhizon has lower maximum photochemical efficiency and limited electron transport capacity in its PSII. Despite this, it still shows some photosynthetic activity and has photoprotective systems in place.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
B. K. Whitaker, M. M. Vaughan, S. P. McCormick
Summary: The effects of bacterial endophytes on wheat response to Fusarium head blight (FHB) were studied in a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that the physiological responses of wheat to FHB were strongly influenced by the bacterial endophytes, although the direct effects on disease resistance were weak and dependent on the host variety. Proton motive force traits were identified as potential predictors of disease response. The study suggests an alternative mechanism for microbial biocontrol and proposes potential phenotyping tools for FHB susceptibility in wheat and other small grains.
PHYTOBIOMES JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Paulina A. Rajewicz, Chao Zhang, Jon Atherton, Shari Van Wittenberghe, Anu Riikonen, Troy Magney, Beatriz Fernandez-Marin, Jose Ignacio Garcia Plazaola, Albert Porcar-Castell
Summary: Chlorophyll fluorescence can be used as a proxy for photosynthesis in boreal forests. This study measured the spectral chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of three dominant evergreen species in the boreal ecosystem and analyzed the correlations with other traits to understand the spatial and temporal variation in chlorophyll fluorescence. The findings suggest that the diversity of species and light environments within an ecosystem generate baseline variation in leaf spectral chlorophyll fluorescence and contrasting seasonal photosynthetic acclimation patterns.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiri Masojidek, Karolina Sterbova, Cintia Gomez Serrano, Jaqueline Carmo da Silva, Tomas Grivalsky, Felix Lopez Figueroa, Francisco Gabriel Acien Fernandez
Summary: This study compared the cultivation performance of microalga Chlamydopodium fusiforme in two types of outdoor units, thin-layer cascade (TLC) and raceway pond (RWP), for biomass production at a large scale. The results showed that both units could be monitored using photosynthesis measuring techniques and the microalgae grew well in a semi-continuous regime. The RWP had significantly higher biomass productivity compared to the TLC. Overall, the RWP was considered more suitable for scale-up due to its higher productivity, lower costs, smaller land area requirement, and lower carbon depletion and oxygen build-up.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Dominika Radzikowska, Hanna Sulewska, Hanna Bandurska, Karolina Ratajczak, Grazyna Szymanska, Przemyslaw Lukasz Kowalczewski, Romana Glowicka-Woloszyn
Summary: Climate change and decreasing rainfall pose challenges to cereal cultivation. However, the interest in ancient wheat varieties, such as spelt, is increasing. This study compares the response to drought stress between spelt and common wheat, and finds that spelt cultivars, particularly 'Franckenkorn' and 'Badengold', exhibit higher resistance to water deficit compared to other cultivars and common wheat.
