Article
Plant Sciences
Weike Sun, Ning Ma, Hongyu Huang, Jingwei Wei, Si Ma, Huan Liu, Shi Zhang, Zhenxian Zhang, Xiaolei Sui, Xin Li
Summary: The study revealed that cucumber stems and petioles fixed approximately 4% of the carbon fixed by one leaf blade in leafless conditions, with photosynthetic rates equivalent to 6 to 8% of a leaf blade. These organs also exhibited differences in chlorophyll content, chloroplast and stoma numbers, as well as gene expression levels compared to leaf blades, indicating distinct photosynthetic mechanisms.
Article
Mechanics
Santanu Banerjee, Soumen Shaw, Basudeb Mukhopadhyay
Summary: This article theoretically investigates the memory response of thermal wave propagation from a cylindrical hole in an unbounded thermoelastic solid. The research shows significant differences in the characteristics of thermal waves compared to the usual thermoelasticity theory when considering memory-dependent derivatives.
MECHANICS BASED DESIGN OF STRUCTURES AND MACHINES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lu Lin, Zimian Niu, Chuangdao Jiang, Lu Yu, Hongning Wang, Meiyu Qiao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of open-central canopy on photosynthesis in apple trees. The results showed that open-central canopy improved the light environment, enhanced leaf photosynthetic performance, and boosted fruit quality.
HORTICULTURAL PLANT JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Julia Nowak, Janin Fueller, Peter Jomo Walla
Summary: Transitions into the first excited state of carotenoids can be quantified using two-photon excitation (TPE), which offers a simpler method compared to traditional one-photon excitation (OPE). The energy transfer from carotenoids to chlorophylls can be determined by comparing the fluorescence intensity after TPE with that after OPE. This study explores a new approach to directly determine the energy transfer by comparing TPE spectra at different wavelengths.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaoqiang Zhang, Peichao Li, Bixiong Huang, Hengyun Zhang
Summary: In this paper, a one-dimensional electrochemical model and a three-dimensional axisymmetric heat transfer model are coupled to investigate the electrochemical and thermal behavior of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The models are verified using experimental data and compared for their accuracy and computational cost. The thermal behavior of cylindrical LIBs at different discharge rates is studied, and factors affecting temperature uniformity are analyzed. The findings provide insights for choosing appropriate electrochemical-thermal coupling models and improving the prediction accuracy of temperature signals in the battery thermal management system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
X. H. Zhang, Z. G. Qu
Summary: This study investigates the contributions of viscous and thermal effects to acoustic energy dissipation in graded structures. The results show that thermal and viscous effects can improve sound absorption performance, with thermal effects accounting for 12%-26% of total dissipation and viscous effects accounting for 74%-88%.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Manley, R. Stump, R. Petery, S. Singh
Summary: This study proposes using an optical fiber-based interferometer to search for scalar ultralight dark matter and extends the parameter space by implementing detector arrays or cryogenic cooling.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ronny Frumkin, Eric Kuflik, Itay Lavie, Tal Silverwater
Summary: We study the general properties of the freeze-out of a thermal relic and provide estimates for relic abundance and corrections for slow freeze-out processes. The results generalize the relationship between dark matter mass and coupling. The study also predicts nearly degenerate states and generically metastable dark matter beyond the conventional freeze-out maximum mass.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Naoto Shiraishi
Summary: We propose a time-symmetric counterpart of the current in stochastic thermodynamics called the timesymmetric current. This current is defined using empirical measures and is therefore symmetric under time reversal, while its ensemble average reproduces the average current. We prove that this timesymmetric current satisfies the fluctuation-response relation, albeit with sign inversion. Importantly, this relation holds not only near equilibrium states but also around nonequilibrium stationary states when observed currents stall. The obtained relation also serves as an experimental tool for measuring the value of a bare transition rate by measuring only time-integrated empirical measures.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Wenjing Wang, Xinhao Wang, Wenhan Yang, Jiaying Liu
Summary: This paper discusses the challenges and importance of low-light face detection and proposes a method to learn face detectors without low-light annotations. By using low-level and high-level adaptation methods, the performance of low-light face detection is improved.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Siricharoenpanich, S. Wiriyasart, P. Naphon
Summary: The study showed that nanoparticles suspended in the base fluid significantly impact the physical properties and flow features of the nanofluid, leading to higher heat removal capacity and lower thermal resistance. Heat sink with lower flow channels demonstrated lower thermal resistance compared to those with higher flow channels. The findings can be used to develop a knowledge base for designing thermal cooling systems for GPUs and other electronic components.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jie Wang, Mo Yang
Summary: A numerical simulation method of magnetic fluid thermal coupling of cylindrical heat source based on LBM grid algorithm was studied, which can accurately simulate and predict the thermal coupling performance of natural convection and radiative heat dissipation of cylindrical heat source, with high accuracy and reliability.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xun Zhou, Yu Shen, Jianzhong Li, Xiaowei Wang
Summary: This study presents an analytical investigation on the inherent dissipation mechanism based on the rolling friction model and the external dissipation mechanism based on energy dissipators for 3D rocking cylindrical structures. The results show that the rolling friction model can capture the energy dissipation behavior during free vibration under various initial conditions. Additionally, adding external energy dissipators is effective in mitigating seismic responses and avoiding overturning.
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Tetsuto Sugai, Wataru Ishizuka, Toshihiro Watanabe
Summary: Understanding the genetic link between environmental factors and phenological events is crucial for predicting responses to climate change. This study evaluated the effects of environmental conditions and seed source provenance on the seasonal changes in photosynthetic phenology in Sakhalin fir seedlings, and found significant relationships between the lowest temperature in July and the seasonal changes in phenology.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Beom-Jun Kim, Chan-Young Yune
Summary: Debris flows moving at high speed along valleys can have disastrous consequences. The installation of cylindrical baffles along the flow path is a common countermeasure to reduce debris flow mobility. This study investigates the array effect of cylindrical baffles on flow energy dissipation through small-scale flow tests. The results show that the use of baffles significantly decreases flow velocity and depth, and increasing baffle height and number enhances their effectiveness.