Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jacek Staszewski, Aleksander Debiec, Ewa Skrobowska, Adam Stepien
Summary: The study assessed the change in cerebrovascular reactivity measures over 24 months in patients with different clinical manifestations of SVD. Compared to the control group, all CVR measures significantly declined in subjects with SVD, but this reduction was not related to the radiological progression of SVD.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Shuling Wan, Chaitu Dandu, Guangyu Han, Yibing Guo, Yuchuan Ding, Haiqing Song, Ran Meng
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a group of pathological processes affecting small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and small veins of the brain. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of CSVD. MRI is the main diagnostic method for CSVD.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rita Moretti, Paola Caruso
Summary: Small vessel disease (SVD) is a common pathological condition leading to dementia, with complex pathophysiology involving genetic factors and various comorbidities. The understanding of SVD is still incomplete and contradictory, but new biomarkers may provide insights for future therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Cifu, Francesco Janes, Catia Mio, Rossana Domenis, Maria Elena Pessa, Riccardo Garbo, Francesco Curcio, Mariarosaria Valente, Martina Fabris
Summary: This study found that plasma from CSVD patients affects human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and activates inflammatory pathways, suggesting the pathogenetic role of neuroinflammation in the early asymptomatic stages of cerebrovascular disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica Walsh, Dan J. Tozer, Hasan Sari, Young T. Hong, Anna Drazyk, Guy Williams, N. Jon Shah, John T. O'Brien, Franklin Aigbirhio, Gary Rosenberg, Tim D. Fryer, Hugh S. Markus
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease is a major cause of stroke and dementia. The study found that in sporadic SVD patients, microglial activation and increased blood-brain barrier permeability occur separately in spatial terms. No evidence of increased blood-brain barrier permeability was found in CADASIL.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yousef Hannawi
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a pathological process that affects the brain small vessels and leads to vascular cognitive impairment, intracerebral hemorrhage, and acute lacunar ischemic stroke. Despite the lack of specific therapies, recent research has identified several age-dependent processes that play critical roles in cSVD pathogenesis.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Dewenter, Mina A. Jacob, Mengfei Cai, Benno Gesierich, Paul Hager, Anna Kopczak, Davina Biel, Michael Ewers, Anil M. Tuladhar, Frank-Erik De Leeuw, Martin Dichgans, Nicolai Franzmeier, Marco Duering
Summary: Fixel-based analysis of diffusion MRI can identify changes in white matter integrity. Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease affects white matter macrostructure, while cerebral small vessel disease affects white matter microstructure. Fiber density reflects the impact of cerebral small vessel disease, while fiber-bundle cross-section is primarily determined by neurodegeneration.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Jaime Garcia, Audrey Chagnot, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Axel Montagne
Summary: Small vessel disease (SVD) is a prevalent disorder of the brain's microvessels and is a common cause of dementia and strokes. Recent evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction and a compromised blood-brain barrier play a key role in the development and progression of SVD. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in SVD could lead to better diagnostic tools and potential therapeutic interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natasha Ting Lee, Lin Kooi Ong, Prajwal Gyawali, Che Mohd Nasril Che Mohd Nassir, Muzaimi Mustapha, Harshal H. Nandurkar, Maithili Sashindranath
Summary: Cerebral endothelium plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological functions to maintain the health of the central nervous system. Cardiovascular risk factors contribute to cerebral endothelial dysfunction, leading to impaired vasodilation, aggravated inflammatory responses, increased oxidative stress, and vascular proliferation.
Article
Neurosciences
Paul J. Dunn, Rodney A. Lea, Neven Maksemous, Robert A. Smith, Heidi G. Sutherland, Larisa M. Haupt, Lyn R. Griffiths
Summary: This study identifies a genetic overlap between Alzheimer's disease and cerebral small vessel disease, and identifies ERNI as a novel candidate gene for cerebral small vessel disease.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shuang Li, Guangjian Li, Xia Luo, Yan Huang, Lan Wen, Jinglun Li
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a clinical syndrome that affects the brain's small vessels, with an association to high total serum homocysteine levels and endothelial dysfunction. Hyperhomocysteinemia affects endothelial function through various pathways, potentially serving as an important therapeutic target for cSVD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Beatriz Bezerra, Mark Fisher, Flavia Q. Pirih, Maisa Casarin
Summary: There may be an association between periodontitis and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), as the inflammation caused by periodontitis and periodontopathogenic bacteria could contribute to the development of CSVD.
MOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Remco J. Hack, Gido Gravesteijn, Minne N. Cerfontaine, Mark A. Santcroos, Laura Gatti, Anna Kopczak, Anna Bersano, Marco Duering, Julie W. Rutten, Saskia A. J. Lesnik Oberstein
Summary: A novel three-tiered risk classification for NOTCH3 variants associated with CADASIL disease prediction has been identified in this study.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica Lebenberg, Ruiting Zhang, Lina Grosset, Jean Pierre Guichard, Fanny Fernandes, Eric Jouvent, Hugues Chabriat
Summary: This study developed and validated an automatic segmentation method for quantifying incident lacunes in a severe and progressive form of cerebral small vessel disease. The automatic method accurately identified and quantified the lacunes, providing a fast and efficient approach for measuring incident lacunes in large-scale studies.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Imma Forzano, Roberta Avvisato, Fahimeh Varzideh, Stanislovas S. S. Jankauskas, Angelo Cioppa, Pasquale Mone, Luigi Salemme, Urna Kansakar, Tullio Tesorio, Valentina Trimarco, Gaetano Santulli
Summary: L-arginine (L-Arg) is a semi-essential amino acid that plays a role in the formation of nitric oxide. Studies suggest that L-Arg has beneficial effects in diabetes and can attenuate glucose intolerance in diabetic patients. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the main studies investigating the effects of L-Arg in diabetes, including both preclinical and clinical reports.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicolai Franzmeier, Rik Ossenkoppele, Matthias Brendel, Anna Rubinski, Ruben Smith, Atul Kumar, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Olof Strandberg, Marco Duering, Katharina Buerger, Martin Dichgans, Oskar Hansson, Michael Ewers
Summary: The study found that carriers of the BIN1 rs744373 risk allele showed faster global tau-PET accumulation and accelerated tau-PET accumulation at higher A beta levels. In the ADNI sample, the effects of rs744373 on cognitive decline were mediated by faster global tau-PET accumulation.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paul Reidler, Alex Brehm, Peter B. Sporns, Vanessa Granja Burbano, Lena Stueckelschweiger, Gabriel Broocks, Thomas Liebig, Marios-Nikos Psychogios, Jens Ricke, Konstantinos Dimitriadis, Martin Dichgans, Wolfgang G. Kunz, Steffen Tiedt
Summary: The study found that human stroke progression varies across the 24-hour cycle, with patients who have nocturnal stroke onset showing larger infarct core volumes and faster core growth. These findings have implications for the design and interpretation of neuroprotection trials.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Egle, Saima Hilal, A. M. Tuladhar, Lukas Pirpamer, Edith Hofer, Marco Duering, James Wason, Robin G. Morris, Martin Dichgans, Reinhold Schmidt, Daniel Tozer, Christopher Chen, Frank-Erik De Leeuw, Hugh S. Markus
Summary: The study suggests that DTI measures, such as mean diffusivity (MD) median, are associated with cognition and can predict dementia risk across a range of SVD severity. DTI measures contribute to cognition, improve prediction models when added, and can predict dementia conversion, especially in severe SVD cases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marios K. Georgakis, Livia Parodi, Simon Frerich, Ernst Mayerhofer, Georgios Tsivgoulis, James P. Pirruccello, Agnieszka Slowik, Tatjana Rundek, Rainer Malik, Martin Dichgans, Jonathan Rosand, Christopher D. Anderson
Summary: This study found that stroke of undetermined source shares genetic and vascular risk factors with other stroke subtypes, especially large-artery atherosclerotic stroke. The potentially causal associations with carotid atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic risk factors might have implications for prevention strategies.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Heidi Hautakangas, Bendik S. Winsvold, Sanni E. Ruotsalainen, Gyda Bjornsdottir, Aster V. E. Harder, Lisette J. A. Kogelman, Laurent F. Thomas, Raymond Noordam, Christian Benner, Padhraig Gormley, Ville Artto, Karina Banasik, Anna Bjornsdottir, Dorret Boomsma, Ben M. Brumpton, Kristoffer Solvsten Burgdorf, Julie E. Buring, Mona Ameri Chalmer, Irene de Boer, Martin Dichgans, Christian Erikstrup, Markus Farkkila, Maiken Elvestad Garbrielsen, Mohsen Ghanbari, Knut Hagen, Paavo Happola, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Maria G. Hrafnsdottir, Kristian Hveem, Marianne Bakke Johnsen, Mika Kahonen, Espen S. Kristoffersen, Tobias Kurth, Terho Lehtimaki, Lannie Lighart, Sigurdur H. Magnusson, Rainer Malik, Ole Birger Pedersen, Nadine Pelzer, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Caroline Ran, Paul M. Ridker, Frits R. Rosendaal, Gudrun R. Sigurdardottir, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Olafur A. Sveinsson, Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson, Henrik Ullum, Lisanne S. Vijfhuizen, Elisabeth Widen, Ko Willems van Dijk, Arpo Aromaa, Andrea Carmine Belin, Tobias Freilinger, M. Arfan Ikram, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Olli T. Raitakari, Gisela M. Terwindt, Mikko Kallela, Maija Wessman, Jes Olesen, Daniel Chasman, Dale R. Nyholt, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Arn M. J. M. van den Maagdenberg, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Samuli Ripatti, John-Anker Zwart, Aarno Palotie, Matti Pirinen
Summary: This study identified 123 susceptibility loci for migraine through genome-wide association analyses and implicated neurovascular mechanisms in its pathophysiology. Subtype analyses revealed risk loci specific for migraine with or without aura, as well as shared risk variants. The findings highlight the importance of both vascular and central nervous system tissue/cell types in the genetic underpinning of migraine.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Frank Jessen, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Luca Kleineindam, Annika Spottke, Slawek Altenstein, Claudia Bartels, Moritz Berger, Frederic Brosseron, Marcel Daamen, Martin Dichgans, Laura Dobisch, Michael Ewers, Friederike Fenski, Klaus Fliessbach, Silka D. Freiesleben, Wenzel Glanz, Doreen Goerss, Selim Guersel, Daniel Janowitz, Ingo Kilimann, Xenia Kobeleva, Andrea Lohse, Franziska Maier, Coraline Metzger, Matthias Munk, Lukas Preis, Carolin Sanzenbacher, Eike Spruth, Boris Rauchmann, Ruth Vukovich, Renat Yakupov, Anne-Sophie Weyrauch, Gabriel Ziegler, Matthias Schmid, Christoph Laske, Robert Perneczky, Anja Schneider, Jens Wiltfang, Stefan Teipel, Katharina Buerger, Josef Priller, Oliver Peters, Alfredo Ramirez, Henning Boecker, Michael T. Heneka, Michael Wagner, Emrah Duezel
Summary: Research finds that subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in individuals who seek medical help may serve as an initial symptomatic stage 2 of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. The SCD group shows slightly worse cognition, as well as more subtle functional and behavioral symptoms compared to the control group (CO). It is also discovered that SCD-A+ cases (39.3% of all SCD) exhibit greater hippocampal atrophy, lower cognitive and functional performance, and more behavioral symptoms.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marios K. Georgakis, Juergen Bernhagen, Laura H. Heitman, Christian Weber, Martin Dichgans
Summary: Decades of research have established atherosclerosis as an inflammatory disease. Clinical trials have shown the efficacy of anti-inflammatory strategies in reducing cardiovascular events, but there is a need for new anti-inflammatory agents that target atherosclerosis-specific immune mechanisms. The CCL2-CCR2 axis has therapeutic potential in human atherosclerosis. However, there are challenges and opportunities related to pharmacological targeting of this pathway that need further investigation and discussion.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Livia Parodi, Evangelos Pavlos Myserlis, Jaeyoon Chung, Marios K. Georgakis, Ernst Mayerhofer, Jonathan Henry, Bailey E. Montgomery, Mandy Moy, Huichun Xu, Rainer Malik, Carl D. Langefeld, Martin Dichgans, Daniel Woo, Jonathan Rosand, Christopher D. Anderson
Summary: This study investigated the association between stroke subtypes and COVID-19 susceptibility, and found that genes related to SARS-CoV-2 uptake/infection are associated with an increased risk of large artery stroke. These findings suggest that the higher risk of stroke observed in COVID-19 patients may be due to the viral infection itself.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna Kopczak, Andreas Schindler, Dominik Sepp, Anna Bayer-Karpinska, Rainer Malik, Mia L. Koch, Julia Zeller, Christoph Strecker, Daniel Janowitz, Frank A. Wollenweber, Johann-Martin Hempel, Tobias Boeckh-Behrens, Clemens C. Cyran, Andreas Helck, Andreas Harloff, Ulf Ziemann, Sven Poli, Holger Poppert, Tobias Saam, Martin Dichgans
Summary: Complicated nonstenosing carotid artery plaques (CAPs) are an underestimated cause of stroke. This study aimed to determine the association between complicated CAP ipsilateral to acute ischemic anterior circulation stroke (icCAP) and recurrent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). The study found that patients with icCAP had a higher frequency of recurrent events, and a ruptured fibrous cap and intraplaque hemorrhage were significantly associated with an increased risk of recurrence.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marios K. Georgakis, Rong Fang, Marco Duering, Frank A. Wollenweber, Felix J. Bode, Sebastian Stoesser, Christine Kindlein, Peter Hermann, Thomas G. Liman, Christian H. Nolte, Lucia Kerti, Benno Ikenberg, Kathleen Bernkopf, Holger Poppert, Wenzel Glanz, Valentina Perosa, Daniel Janowitz, Michael Wagner, Katja Neumann, Oliver Speck, Laura Dobisch, Emrah Duezel, Benno Gesierich, Anna Dewenter, Annika Spottke, Karin Waegemann, Michael Goertler, Silke Wunderlich, Matthias Endres, Inga Zerr, Gabor Petzold, Martin Dichgans
Summary: The global burden of small vessel disease (SVD) predicts cognitive and functional outcomes in stroke patients, but the current score used for assessment does not improve prediction capability. Assessing the severity of SVD lesions adds value in predicting outcomes beyond known predictors.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Dewenter, Mina A. Jacob, Mengfei Cai, Benno Gesierich, Paul Hager, Anna Kopczak, Davina Biel, Michael Ewers, Anil M. Tuladhar, Frank-Erik De Leeuw, Martin Dichgans, Nicolai Franzmeier, Marco Duering
Summary: Fixel-based analysis of diffusion MRI can identify changes in white matter integrity. Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease affects white matter macrostructure, while cerebral small vessel disease affects white matter microstructure. Fiber density reflects the impact of cerebral small vessel disease, while fiber-bundle cross-section is primarily determined by neurodegeneration.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Steffen Tiedt, Alastair M. Buchan, Martin Dichgans, Ignacio Lizasoain, Maria A. Moro, Eng H. Lo
Summary: The article discusses the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, emphasizing the interaction between the neurovascular unit and systemic biology. It explores the potential of this integrated view in discovering new mechanisms and improving stroke care.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Martin Dichgans, James F. Meschia
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Martin Dichgans, Else Charlotte Sandset, Peter J. Kelly
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Martin Dichgans, Frank M. Faraci, Christer Betsholtz, Elizabeth Hillman, Anne Joutel, Mark Nelson, Dominik Paquet, BRENDA Network
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)