Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bao-qin Liu, Rong-bei Liu, Wen-ping Li, Xin-tao Mao, Yi-ning Li, Tao Huang, Hao-li Wang, Hao-tian Chen, Jiang-yan Zhong, Bing Yang, Ren-jie Chai, Qian Cao, Jin Jin, Yi-yuan Li
Summary: IRF3 and IRF7 are crucial regulators of type I interferon-dependent antiviral innate immunity. This study uncovers the unexpected functions of the XAF1-XIAP axis and KLHL22 in the regulation of IRF7 stability, providing an important target for antiviral innate immunity.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michel Lopez-Teros, Adriana Alarcon-Aguilar, Norma Edith Lopez-Diazguerrero, Armando Luna-Lopez, Mina Konigsberg
Summary: Astrocytes in the aging central nervous system have both neuroprotective and neurotoxic functions, contributing to chronic inflammation and impaired cognitive function. The secretomes of senescent and reactive astrocytes have not been directly compared in the aging brain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hua-Yang Guo, Hong-Xi He, Bao-Suo Liu, Nan Zhang, Ke-Cheng Zhu, Dian-Chang Zhang
Summary: Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) regulates type I interferon (IFN) genes in the immune response against bacteria. In this study, IRF7 and two IFNa3s (IFNa3 and IFNa3-like) were identified in A. latus. AlIRF7 is expressed in various organs with high levels in the spleen and liver. S. iniae challenge promoted the expression of AlIRF7 in multiple organs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Leuti, Emanuela Talamonti, Antonietta Gentile, Marta Tiberi, Alessandro Matteocci, Diego Fresegna, Diego Centonze, Valerio Chiurchiu
Summary: This study demonstrated a shift in the balance of M1/M2 macrophages during MS, with M1 macrophages showing a more proinflammatory profile in EAE compared to control mice, while M2 macrophages lost their M2-like phenotype. Immunization with MOG35-55 led to hyperactivation of M1 macrophages and a shift from anti-inflammatory M2 to pro-inflammatory M1. These findings suggest a potential role for developing new macrophage-centered therapeutic strategies in MS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David M. M. Cauvi, Dennis Hawisher, Julia Derunes, Antonio De Maio
Summary: Phospholipids play important roles in cellular membranes, vesicles, and lipid nanoparticles. The presence of phospholipids can alter the transcriptome and proteome of cells, as well as modulate signaling pathways, leading to changes in cellular functions.
Review
Immunology
Priscilla Vilela dos Santos, Debora Nonato Miranda de Toledo, Debora Maria Soares de Souza, Tatiana Prata Menezes, Luiza Oliveira Perucci, Zolder Marinho Silva, Daniela Caldas Teixeira, Ed Wilson Rodrigues Vieira, Valter Ferreira de Andrade-Neto, Nathalia Sernizon Guimaraes, Andre Talvani
Summary: This study evaluated the available information on inflammatory and regulatory plasma mediators in pregnant women diagnosed with toxoplasmosis. Eight studies were included in the analysis, and the results showed that infected pregnant women had higher levels of IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, CCL5, and IL-10 in their plasma. These findings suggest that the immune status of pregnant women determines the course of T. gondii infection, and the balance between inflammatory and regulatory cytokines mitigates the adverse effects on the placenta and fetus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hemin Jiang, Yue Li, Min Shen, Yucheng Liang, Yu Qian, Hao Dai, Kuanfeng Xu, Xinyu Xu, Hui Lv, Jie Zhang, Tao Yang, Qi Fu
Summary: IFN-α promotes the progression of autoimmune insulitis in NOD mice by enhancing the proliferation of CD8+ T cells. It upregulates the expression of antigen presentation related genes in a time and dose-dependent manner, and acts through the STAT1-IRF7-MHC I complex axis in islets. The IRF7-STAT2 cascade amplifies signals and accelerates the process of T1D.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vilim Molnar, Vid Matisic, Ivan Kodvanj, Roko Bjelica, Zeljko Jelec, Damir Hudetz, Eduard Rod, Fabijan Cukelj, Trpimir Vrdoljak, Dinko Vidovic, Mario Staresinic, Srecko Sabalic, Borut Dobricic, Tadija Petrovic, Darko Anticevic, Igor Boric, Rok Kosir, Ursula Prosenc Zmrzljak, Dragan Primorac
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability worldwide, affecting all joint tissues equally. The pathogenesis involves low-grade inflammation leading to an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes. The complex network of cytokines regulating these processes plays a central role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis, with concentrations of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines varying based on disease stage and activity levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Debpali Sur, Katerina Leonova, Bar Levi, Shany Ivon Markowitz, Raichel Cohen-Harazi, Ilya Gitlin, Katerina Gurova, Andrei Gudkov, Albert Pinhasov, Igor Koman, Elimelech Nesher
Summary: Interferon signaling in inflammation releases cytokines and chemokines to combat viral, bacterial, and cancerous invasions. However, prolonged exposure to interferons leads to immune exhaustion, enhancing inflammation and disease promotion. A peptide called ALOS4 has shown anti-inflammatory properties by upregulating interferon-response genes, supporting antiviral response without inhibiting interferon signaling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tianyu Wang, Peng Lin, Yilei Wang, Xiaojian Lai, Pengyun Chen, Fuyan Li, Jianjun Feng
Summary: AjCRFB5a plays a crucial role in the immune response of Japanese eel against viral and bacterial infections by activating interferon signaling pathways and inducing antimicrobial peptides.
Review
Cell Biology
Nadia Duarte, Abdul Muktadir Shafi, Carlos Penha-Goncalves, Teresa Faria Pais
Summary: The endothelium layer lining the inner surface of blood vessels plays important physiological roles and participates in immune responses. Induction and signaling of type I interferon in endothelial cells at the blood-brain barrier have been extensively studied. Abnormal endothelial cell function and brain inflammation are associated with excessive STING activation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Tong Yue, Yu Shi, Sihui Luo, Jianping Weng, Yali Wu, Xueying Zheng
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that is largely driven by inflammation. Understanding and elucidating the inflammation-related mechanisms is crucial for prevention and management of diabetic retinopathy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Satoshi Hirose, Mihoko Kato, Kati Tormanen, Pedram Shafiei Jahani, Omid Akbari, Homayon Ghiasi
Summary: The study investigated the role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in central nervous system demyelination induced by HSV-IL-2. Results showed that HSV-IL-2 infection led to significant changes in ILC2s, including upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and genes related to mitosis, indicating a potential role of ILC2 activation state in demyelinating diseases. These findings highlight the impact of environmental cues, such as pathogens, on innate lymphocyte functionalities.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Aubry L. Matter, Denny Liggitt, Joan M. Goverman
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory CNS disease mediated by CD4 T cells specific for CNS self-antigens. This study investigates the contribution of CD8 T cells expressing an MHC class I-restricted TCR to CNS autoimmunity in a mouse model. It is found that CD4 T cells with specificity for the MHC class I-restricted myelin basic protein (MBP) epitope develop via endogenous TCR rearrangements and produce TNF-α, leading to lesions similar to active MS lesions. B cells are identified as the main cell type that cross-presents MBP and their depletion halts disease progression.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mukti Shukla, Atul Garg, T. N. Dhole, Rachna Chaturvedi
Summary: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a viral brain fever caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Although effective vaccines against this deadly infection are available, JE remains the leading cause of epidemic viral encephalitis in children in South-east Asia. The lack of treatment options for JE might be due to incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of the virus.
Article
Neurosciences
Agnieszka Wlodarczyk, Reza Khorooshi, Joanna Marczynska, Inge R. Holtman, Mark Burton, Kirstine Nolling Jensen, Morten Blaabjerg, Morten Meyer, Mads Thomassen, Bart J. L. Eggen, Nasrin Asgari, Trevor Owens
Summary: The study found that IFNI-activated microglia play a pro-pathological role in NMO, while depletion of microglia can suppress pathology and decrease expression of IFNI signature genes, opening up new perspectives for microglia-targeted therapies.
Article
Immunology
Marlene Thorsen Morch, Reza Khorooshi, Joanna Marczynska, Magdalena Dubik, Soeren Nielsen, John Dirk Nieland, Nasrin Asgari, Trevor Owens
Summary: Research suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), as inducing astrocyte pathology in mice led to decreased pathology with delivery of Etomoxir. Increases in different acylcarnitines and amino acids were associated with this ameliorating effect, indicating that mitochondria may be a potential therapeutic target for NMOSD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Magdalena Dubik, Joanna Marczynska, Marlene T. Morch, Gill Webster, Kirstine Nolling Jensen, Agnieszka Wlodarczyk, Reza Khorooshi, Trevor Owens
Summary: This study developed a novel focal EAE model to study the effect of innate signaling on demyelinating pathology, finding that intrathecal administration of a specific innate ligand reduced focal lesions and upregulated various factors associated with immune responses. The study also showed changes in the composition of early CNS infiltrates. The research contributes to understanding how innate immune responses can play a protective role in diseases like multiple sclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ruthe Storgaard Dieu, Vian Wais, Michael Zaucha Sorensen, Joanna Marczynska, Magdalena Dubik, Stephanie Kavan, Mads Thomassen, Mark Burton, Torben Kruse, Reza Khorooshi, Trevor Owens
Summary: Studies have shown that modulation of innate receptors TLR7 and TLR9 signaling in the central nervous system can induce different inflammatory responses, with potential therapeutic implications for diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Reza Khorooshi, Joanna Marczynska, Magdalena Dubik, Ruthe Storgaard Dieu, Sofie Forsberg Sorensen, Roser Montanana-Rosell, Hannah Liska Limburg, Camilla Tygesen, Nasrin Asgari, Ulrike Muscha Steckelings, Trevor Owens
Summary: In this study, mice with conditional BDNF deficiency in astrocytes were used to investigate the role of astrocyte-derived BDNF in NMOSD-like pathology. The results showed that astrocyte-derived BDNF did not reduce the severity of NMOSD-like pathology or play a crucial role in the protective effect of AT2R stimulation in NMOSD-like pathology.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sofie Forsberg Soerensen, Martin Wirenfeldt, Agnieszka Wlodarczyk, Marlene Thorsen Moerch, Reza Khorooshi, Dina S. Arengoth, Soeren Thue Lillevang, Trevor Owens, Nasrin Asgari
Summary: The study demonstrated that intrathecal injection of AQP4-IgG+C induced astrocyte pathology in the optic nerve of mice, accompanied by upregulation of gene expression for interferon regulatory factor-7 (IRF7) and CXCL10, highlighting the involvement of type I IFN signaling in the disease process of NMOSD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simone Vespa, Pasquale Simeone, Giulia Catitti, Davide Buca, Domenico De Bellis, Laura Pierdomenico, Damiana Pieragostino, Ilaria Cicalini, Piero Del Boccio, Luca Natale, Trevor Owens, Reza Khorooshi, Vincenzo De Laurenzi, Liborio Stuppia, Paola Lanuti
Summary: Recent studies have focused on the protective and/or pathological role of virus-specific T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study found that the immune response produced by natural infection is similar to that induced by vaccination. All vaccinated individuals showed the production of memory T cells, which exhibited sustained polyfunctionality against the virus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne K. Kronborg Hansen, Magdalena Dubik, Joanna Marczynska, Bhavya Ojha, Estanislao Nistal-Villan, Gloria Gonzalez Aseguinolaza, Dina S. Arengoth, Trevor Owens, Reza Khorooshi
Summary: This study investigated the potential therapeutic effect of activating the RIG-I signaling pathway to promote the production of IFN beta within the central nervous system (CNS) and its impact on multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The results demonstrate that intrathecal administration of AAV-CM resulted in sustained IFN beta expression within the CNS and suppressed the development of EAE. These findings suggest that targeting the downstream signaling pathway of RIG-I represents a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory CNS diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Biographical-Item
Immunology
Trevor Owens
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
A. Wlodarczyk, R. Khorooshi, J. Marczynska, I. Holtman, M. Burton, K. Nolling Jensen, M. Thomassen, B. Eggen, N. Asgari, T. Owens
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
A. Benmamar-Badel, T. Owens, A. Wlodarczyk