Article
Clinical Neurology
Jarmila Szilasiova, Jakub Gazda, Pavol Mikula, Anna Cvengrosova, Miriam Fedicova, Viera Hancinova, Ema Kantorova, Martin Karlik, Slavomira Kovacova
Summary: This study presents the demographic and clinical characteristics of NMOSD patients in Slovakia and evaluates the significance of differences between AQP4-IgG-seropositive and AQP4-IgG-seronegative patients. The study found a high prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis among AQP4-IgG-negative patients (25%).
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kathrin Schanda, Patrick Peschl, Magdalena Lerch, Barbara Seebacher, Swantje Mindorf, Nora Ritter, Monika Probst, Harald Hegen, Franziska Di Pauli, Eva-Maria Wendel, Christian Lechner, Matthias Baumann, Sara Mariotto, Sergio Ferrari, Albert Saiz, Michael Farrell, Maria Isabel S. Leite, Sarosh R. Irani, Jacqueline Palace, Andreas Lutterotti, Tania Kuempfel, Sandra Vukusic, Romain Marignier, Patrick Waters, Kevin Rostasy, Thomas Berger, Christian Probst, Romana Hoeftberger, Markus Reindl
Summary: The study analyzed different isoforms of MOG and their binding patterns in patients with non-MS demyelinating diseases, identifying three distinct binding patterns. These patterns were found to be associated with non-MS demyelinating diseases and had unique immunologic characteristics without differences in clinical phenotypes or disease course. This novel finding could potentially improve MOG-IgG assays and enhance understanding of the pathophysiologic role of MOG-IgG.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wojciech Ambrosius, Slawomir Michalak, Wojciech Kozubski, Alicja Kalinowska
Summary: MOG-associated disease (MOGAD) is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with various phenotypes, most commonly presenting as optic neuritis and ADEM. Diagnosis relies on detecting serum antibodies and MRI imaging, while treatment includes acute immunotherapy and immunosuppressive therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Helen Cross, Farahna Sabiq, Nathalie Ackermans, Andrew Mattar, Shelly Au, Mark Woodhall, Bo Sun, Virginia Devonshire, Robert Carruthers, Ana Luiza Sayao, Virender Bhan, Alice Schabas, Jillian Chan, Marvin Fritzler, Patrick Waters, Anthony Traboulsee
Summary: This study describes a multi-ethnic population with MOG antibody positivity, predominantly presenting with optic neuritis and myelitis. The median age of onset was 29 years, with a good response to steroid therapy in most patients but a high risk of relapse. Patients showed abnormalities in brain imaging, including cortical lesions and optic nerve involvement, which are common in MOG antibody-associated disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cristina M. Gaudioso, Soe Mar, T. Charles Casper, Rachel Codden, Adam Nguyen, Gregory Aaen, Leslie Benson, Tanuja Chitnis, Carla Francisco, Mark P. Gorman, Manu S. Goyal, Jennifer Graves, Benjamin M. Greenberg, Janace Hart, Lauren Krupp, Timothy Lotze, Sona Narula, Sean J. Pittock, Mary Rensel, Moses Rodriguez, John Rose, Teri Schreiner, Jan-Mendelt Tillema, Amy Waldman, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Yolanda Wheeler, Emmanuelle Waubant, Eoin P. Flanagan
Summary: This study aims to determine the frequency of MOG-IgG and AQP4-IgG in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) patients and healthy controls, evaluate the fulfillment of diagnostic criteria in seropositive cases, compare characteristics and outcomes between POMS and MOGAD, and identify clinical features associated with final diagnosis.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna G. Francis, Kariem Elhadd, Valentina Camera, Monica Ferreira dos Santos, Chiara Rocchi, Poneh Adib-Samii, Bal Athwal, Kathrine Attfield, Andrew Barritt, Matthew Craner, Leonora Fisniku, Astrid K. N. Iversen, Oliver Leach, Lucy Matthews, Ian Redmond, Jonathan O'Riordan, Antonio Scalfari, Radu Tanasescu, Damian Wren, Saif Huda, Maria Isabel Leite, Lars Fugger, Jacqueline Palace
Summary: This study describes the features of patients presenting with new acute CNS demyelination resembling NMOSDs or MOGAD within 8 weeks of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The study includes a prospective case series of patients referred to highly specialized NMOSD services in the UK from the introduction of the vaccination program up to May 2022. Of the 25 patients identified, 48% had MOG antibodies, 8% had aquaporin 4 antibodies, and 44% had neither. Further analysis is needed to determine the relationship between vaccination and the development of these CNS diseases.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Meihui Xu, Chi Ma, Ming Dong, Chunjie Guo, Simin Yang, Yue Liu, Xu Wang
Summary: This study aims to characterize the clinical symptoms, MRI findings, and prognosis of adult cerebral cortical encephalitis (CCE) with anti-MOG antibody. Two adult cases of CCE with anti-MOG antibody were presented and a systematic review of the literature was conducted. The majority of patients had a favorable prognosis after treatment, highlighting the importance of early detection and immunotherapy in improving outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yi Hua, Xuke Yan, Liu Liu, Yilong Wang, Lu Xu, Peifang Jiang, Zhefeng Yuan, Feng Gao
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and follow-up data of 74 Chinese children with different clinical phenotypes of MOGAD. The results showed that the most common clinical phenotypes of MOGAD were ADEM and encephalitis, and recurrence may be related to age and sex, with a higher recurrence rate observed in females.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Liang Wang, Hongmei Tan, Wenjuan Huang, Xuechun Chang, Jingzi ZhangBao, Lei Zhou, Chuanzhen Lu, Min Wang, Jiahong Lu, Chongbo Zhao, Chao Quan
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of late onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (LO-NMOSD) and compared them with early onset NMOSD (EO-NMOSD) and NMOSD with different antibody serostatuses. The study found that patients with LO-NMOSD, especially those with AQP4 antibodies, had a worse prognosis. Age at disease onset and antibody serostatus were predictors of blindness and motor dysfunction.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rittika Chunder, Alicia Weier, Hannah Maeurer, Nicolas Luber, Michael Enders, Gabriele Luber, Thorsten Heider, Alfred Spitzer, Sabine Tacke, Janine Becker-Gotot, Christian Kurts, Radhika Iyer, Peggy P. Ho, William H. Robinson, Tobias Lanz, Stefanie Kuerten
Summary: This study reveals a correlation between the consumption of bovine milk products and multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting that an immune response to bovine casein might worsen the disease by inducing severe spinal cord pathology, particularly demyelination.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Krenar Veselaj, Nicole Kamber, Myriam Briner, Christoph Friedli, Lara Diem, Kirsten Guse, Andrei Miclea, Roland Wiest, Franca Wagner, Hilary Grabe, Mathias Abegg, Michael P. Horn, Sandra Bigi, Andrew Chan, Robert Hoepner, Anke Salmen
Summary: Evaluating diagnostic and red flag criteria, MOG-IgG retesting (including changing assays), and CSF-specific OCB are crucial in clinical routine cohorts for distinguishing MOG-EM from MS. The presence of red flags should be considered when diagnosing possible MOG-EM in patients with borderline MOG-IgG.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Edgar Carnero Contentti, Pablo A. Lopez, Juan Pablo Pettinicchi, Agustin Pappolla, Jimena Miguez, Liliana Patrucco, Edgardo Cristiano, Carlos Vrech, Veronica Tkachuk, Susana Liwacki, Jorge Correale, Mariano Marrodan, Maria Gaitan, Marcela Fiol, Laura Negrotto, Maria C. Ysrraelit, Marcos Burgos, Felisa Leguizamon, Dario Tavolini, Norma Deri, Maria E. Balbuena, Carolina Mainella, Geraldine Luetic, Patricio Blaya, Javier Hryb, Maria L. Menichini, Amelia Alvez Pinheiro, Pedro Nofal, Gisela Zanga, Andres Barboza, Ivan Martos, Luciana Lazaro, Ricardo Alonso, Emanuel Silva, Santiago Bestoso, Maria E. Fracaro, Adriana Carra, Orlando Garcea, Nora Fernandez Liguori, Marina Alonso Serena, Alejandro Caride, Juan Rojas
Summary: The study found that 27.7% of AQP4-ab-negative NMOSD patients tested positive for MOG-ab.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jordi Kuehne Escola, Cornelius Deuschl, Andreas Junker, Fabian Dusse, Refik Pul, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Martin Koehrmann, Benedikt Frank
Summary: We report a rare case of autoimmune disorder following COVID-19 vaccination, presenting with symptoms similar to bacterial meningomyelitis. The patient showed significant clinical improvement with appropriate treatment.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xueshan Dong, Yan Jiang, Ping Yuan, Xiao Fan, Jiannan Ma, Peng Wu, Li Jiang, Xiujuan Li
Summary: This study compared the differences between pediatric patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) who tested positive and negative for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies in terms of clinical, radiological, therapeutic, and prognostic factors. The study included 62 patients, with 35 being MOG-seropositive and 27 being MOG-seronegative. MOG-seropositive ADEM children had lower rates of seizures and cranial nerve palsy, and isolated leukocytosis in the blood was more common in these children. The two groups showed no significant differences in MRI lesions and features. MOG-seropositive children were more likely to experience relapses and had slower steroid tapering.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Sohyeon Kim, Mi-Yeon Eun, Jae-Joon Lee, Hung Youl Seok
Summary: This study highlights the importance of recognizing the potential association between AHEM and MOGAD, especially when distinct MRI patterns are present.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Ana Felipe-Rucian, Andreas Wegener-Panzer, Isabelle Nassenstein, Markus Reindl, Kevin Rostasy
Article
Immunology
Michael Jager, Stefanie Dichtl, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Markus Reindl, Cornelia Lass-Florl, Doris Wilflingseder, Wilfried Posch
Summary: The study found that immunity to Omicron variants wanes over time in individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 vaccines. The strongest neutralization and T-cell response against Omicron BA.1 were detected in ChAdOx1 vaccinees 6 months after the second dose, but no long-lasting neutralization against BA.2 was observed.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Magdalena Lerch, Angelika Bauer, Markus Reindl
Summary: MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disease with optic neuritis as the most common symptom. The disease is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against MOG (MOG-IgG) in patient's serum. The role of MOG-IgG in the pathogenesis of the disease is still not fully understood. This review summarizes the current research findings on MOGAD, optic neuritis, MOG antibodies, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brenda Banwell, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Romain Marignier, Ho Jin Kim, Fabienne Brilot, Eoin P. Flanagan, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Patrick Waters, Silvia Tenembaum, Jennifer S. Graves, Tanuja Chitnis, Alexander U. Brandt, Cheryl Hemingway, Rinze Neuteboom, Lekha Pandit, Markus Reindl, Albert Saiz, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Kevin Rostasy, Friedemann Paul, Sean J. Pittock, Kazuo Fujihara, Jacqueline Palace
Summary: Serum antibodies against MOG can help diagnose MOGAD, which is distinct from multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. The presence of MOG-IgG is a core criterion for the diagnosis. MOGAD can present with various symptoms and can be either monophasic or relapsing, and diagnostic accuracy relies on MOG-IgG cell-based assays.
Article
Rehabilitation
Barbara Seebacher, Mike C. Horton, Markus Reindl, Christian Brenneis, Rainer Ehling, Florian Deisenhammer, Roger J. Mills
Summary: The purpose of this study was to validate the German version of Neurological Fatigue Index - Multiple Sclerosis (NFI-MS-G) and compare it with the English version. The NFI-MS-G showed good internal construct validity, convergent validity and internal consistency. It also demonstrated good test-retest reliability and low floor and ceiling effects.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Magdalena Lerch, Kathrin Schanda, Eliott Lafon, Reinhard Wuerzner, Sara Mariotto, Alessandro Dinoto, Eva Maria Wendel, Christian Lechner, Harald Hegen, Kevin Rostasy, Thomas Berger, Doris Wilflingseder, Romana Hoeftberger, Markus Reindl
Summary: This study aimed to investigate complement-mediated cytotoxicity induced by IgG anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) in serum samples from patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and MOG-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD). Cell-based assays were used to measure complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and formation of the terminal complement complex (TCC) in response to the antibodies. Results showed that AQP4-IgG induced higher CDC and TCC levels compared to MOG-IgG.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Marianna Spatola, Omar Chuquisana, Wonyeong Jung, Joseph A. Lopez, Eva-Maria Wendel, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Christian W. Keller, Tim Hahn, Edgar Meinl, Markus Reindl, Russell C. Dale, Heinz Wiendl, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Kevin Rostasy, Fabienne Brilot, Galit Alter, Jan D. Luenemann
Summary: Using a systems-level approach, we investigated humoral immune responses in 123 patients with MOGAD. Our study revealed that age is a significant factor in determining MOG-antibody-related immune signatures. Moreover, we identified two dominant immunological endophenotypes of MOGAD, with the pro-inflammatory endophenotype associated with clinically active disease. Our findings suggest that FcyR-mediated effector functions control the pathogenicity of MOG-specific IgG and highlight the potential of FcyR-targeting therapies in treating MOGAD.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Barbara Seebacher, Elena Bergmann, Carole Geimer, Turhan Kahraman, Markus Reindl, Gudrun Diermayr
Summary: This study investigated the determinants of willingness to adopt telerehabilitation, willingness of technology use, core affect regarding using telerehabilitation, and digital competencies in rehabilitation professionals in Austria and Germany before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional paper-based and online survey was conducted with three cohorts of rehabilitation professionals. The results showed differences between Austria and Germany and before and during the pandemic for most outcomes. German residency, the pandemic, and a higher educational level were the most important predictors of higher willingness to adopt telerehabilitation, willingness of technology use, digital competencies, and positive core affect.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Arabella Buchmann, Lukas Pirpamer, Daniela Pinter, Margarete Voortman, Birgit Helmlinger, Alexander Pichler, Aleksandra Maleska Maceski, Pascal Benkert, Gerhard Bachmaier, Stefan Ropele, Markus Reindl, David Leppert, Jens Kuhle, Christian Enzinger, Michael Khalil
Summary: This study findings suggest that elevated levels of sNfL have a significant impact on brain volume changes and can indicate disease progression in pwMS over a short-term period.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Markus Reindl, Kevin Rostasy
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Klaus Berek, Angelika Bauer, Dagmar Rudzki, Michael Auer, Robert Barket, Anne Zinganell, Magdalena Lerch, Livia Hofer, Astrid Grams, Paulina Poskaite, Sebastian Wurth, Thomas Berger, Franziska Di Pauli, Florian Deisenhammer, Harald Hegen, Markus Reindl
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of 65 different cytokines, chemokines, and related molecules in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of newly diagnosed people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). The results showed that 29 cytokines and chemokines were significantly elevated in the CSF, while 15 were elevated in the serum. Additionally, associations were found between 34 analytes and sex, age, CSF, MRI parameters, and disease progression. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis and its association with disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Frederik Bartels, Birgit Baumgartner, Annette Aigner, Graham Cooper, Astrid Blaschek, Eva Maria Wendel, Annikki Bertolini, Michael Karenfort, Matthias Baumann, Robert Cleaveland, Andreas Wegener-Panzer, Steffen Leiz, Michela Salandin, Peter Krieg, Tobias Reindl, Markus Reindl, Carsten Finke, Kevin Rostasy
Summary: This observational cohort study found that patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) showed reduced brain volume at onset and over time, with a more pronounced reduction in brain volume for MOG-negative patients compared to MOG-positive patients, and relapsing MOG-positive patients showed additional brain volume loss.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gabriel Diem, Michael Jaeger, Stefanie Dichtl, Angelika Bauer, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Markus Reindl, Doris Wilflingseder, Wilfried Posch
Summary: This study investigated the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccinated and/or convalescent individuals. The results showed that current COVID-19 vaccines induce strong humoral immunity, but the neutralizing effectiveness against novel variants is reduced. Therefore, it is suggested to adjust the vaccine strategy to include mucosal booster vaccinations to establish robust immunity against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Brandl, Markus Reindl
Summary: The blood-brain barrier, formed by interconnected microvascular endothelial cells, separates the brain from the peripheral circulation. This barrier becomes leaky during neuroinflammation, allowing molecules and cells to enter the brain and potentially cause damage. Animal models may not always represent human pathophysiology accurately, so human models are needed. This review provides an overview of the blood-brain barrier and its role in health and disease, explores in vitro models, and discusses different types of models used in basic research to study neuroinflammatory conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Benjamin Vlad, Ina Reichen, Stephan Neidhart, Marc Hilty, Dimitra Lekaditi, Christine Heuer, Amanda Eisele, Mario Ziegler, Markus Reindl, Andreas Lutterotti, Axel Regeniter, Ilijas Jelcic
Summary: Basic CSF parameters vary considerably in different clinical phenotypes of MOGAD. Q(Alb)>10x10(-3) and absence of CSF-restricted OCB are highly useful to differentiate MOGAD from MS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)