期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
卷 126, 期 3, 页码 372-381出版社
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12307
关键词
bipolar cell; cell swelling; glutamate; Muller cell; osmotic stress; retina
资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GRK 1097/1, RE 849/10-2, RE 849/12-2]
Regulation of cellular volume is of great importance to avoid changes in neuronal excitability resulting from a decrease in the extracellular space volume. We compared the volume regulation of retinal glial (Muller) and neuronal (bipolar) cells under hypoosmotic and glutamate-stimulated conditions. Freshly isolated slices of the rat retina were superfused with a hypoosmotic solution (60% osmolarity; 4min) or with a glutamate (1mM)-containing isoosmotic solution (15min), and the size changes of Muller and bipolar cell somata were recorded. Bipolar cell somata, but not Muller cell somata, swelled under hypoosmotic conditions and in the presence of glutamate. The hypoosmotic swelling of bipolar cell somata might be mediated by sodium flux into the cells, because it was not observed under extracellular sodium-free conditions, and was induced by activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors and sodium-dependent glutamate transporters. The glutamate-induced swelling of bipolar cell somata was mediated by sodium chloride flux into the cells induced by activation of NMDA- and non-NMDA glutamate receptors, glutamate transporters, and voltage-gated sodium channels. The glutamate-induced swelling of bipolar cell somata was abrogated by adenosine and -aminobutyric acid, but not by vascular endothelial growth factor and ATP. The data may suggest that Muller cells, in contrast to bipolar cells, possess endogenous mechanisms which tightly regulate the cellular volume in response to hypoosmolarity and prolonged glutamate exposure. Inhibitory retinal transmission may regulate the volume of bipolar cells, likely by inhibition of the excitatory action of glutamate.
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