Article
Ophthalmology
Linya Li, Shaoqing He, Yang Liu, Thomas Yorio, Dorette Z. Ellis
Summary: The study found that sigma-1r plays a vital role in the survival of retinal ganglion cells, with activation and/or transgenic expression of sigma-1r attenuating the apoptotic pathway and restoring RGC number and function following optic nerve crush.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fa Yuan, Mingwei Wang, Kangxin Jin, Mengqing Xiang
Summary: The text discusses the pathogenesis of glaucoma and the characteristics of RGCs, highlighting the differences in regenerative abilities post-injury and the latest research findings. It proposes potential directions for future therapeutics in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lei Gu, Jacky M. Kwong, Joseph Caprioli, Natik Piri
Summary: Rbfox1 is a multifunctional RNA binding protein that plays key roles in regulating alternative splicing and cell survival under stress. Deletion of Rbfox1 in retinal ganglion cells results in decreased survival and severe degeneration, indicating its importance in neuronal functions and survival mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ben Mead, Alicia Kerr, Naoki Nakaya, Stanislav I. Tomarev
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the miRNA profile of purified retinal ganglion cells (RGC) from healthy and diseased rat retina. Over 100 different miRNAs were identified in diseased retina compared to healthy retina. Manipulating candidate mRNAs after retinal injury revealed significant neuroprotection and neuritogenesis effects in RGC.
Article
Neurosciences
Lai-Yang Zhou, Di Chen, Xin-Ran Guo, Yu-Qian Niu, Yong-Sai Xu, Dong-Fu Feng, Tie-Chen Li
Summary: Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) causes loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axonal fibers, leading to visual insufficiency. This study investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of Huperzine A (HupA) extracted from a Chinese herb and its ability to enhance neuronal regeneration after optic nerve crush (ONC). The study found that intravitreal injection of HupA promoted RGC survival and axonal regeneration after ONC, through the mTOR pathway, and these effects were blocked by rapamycin. Therefore, HupA shows promise for the clinical treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Bruno Henrique de Melo Lima, Andre Luis Bombeiro, Luciana Politti Cartarozzi, Alexandre Leite Rodrigues De Oliveira
Summary: The expression of MHC-I and other related molecules following peripheral nerve injury is associated with the recovery of neurons, glial cells, sensorimotor function, gait, and nociceptive threshold in mice. Different strains of mice exhibit varying recovery capacities.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiao-Xue Fan, Ze-Yu Cao, Min-Xuan Liu, Wen-Jun Liu, Zhi-Liang Xu, Peng-Fei Tu, Zhen-Zhong Wang, Liang Cao, Wei Xiao
Summary: The study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of DGMI in retinal ganglion cells apoptosis. Results showed that DGMI can decrease cell apoptosis by modulating MAPKs signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shun Masuda, Shigeru Tanaka, Hiroko Shiraki, Yusuke Sotomaru, Kana Harada, Izumi Hide, Yoshiaki Kiuchi, Norio Sakai
Summary: The expression of GPR3 in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) plays an important role in axonal regeneration and neuronal survival. Knocking out the GPR3 gene makes RGCs more vulnerable to neural death, while upregulation of GPR3 accelerates axonal regeneration.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Qi Zhang, Yiqing Li, Yehong Zhuo
Summary: Axon regeneration in RGCs after optic nerve injury is hindered by weak intrinsic potential and strong extrinsic inhibitors. Previous research focused on glial and inflammatory cells, neglecting the important role of interneurons in the retinal circuitry. This study highlights the impact of synaptic and non-synaptic interactions on RGCs, emphasizing the significance of pre-synaptic interneurons in optic nerve regeneration and visual function recovery.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Lingyi Ouyang, Tao He, Yiqiao Xing
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Park7 on the survival and function of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice, as well as its underlying mechanism. The results showed that downregulation of Park7 exacerbated RGC injury and impaired retinal electrophysiological response and optomotor response. The study found that Park7 may exert neuroprotective effects via the Keap1-Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for optic neuropathy.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Almir Jordao da Silva-Junior, Louise Alessandra Mesentier-Louro, Gabriel Nascimento-dos-Santos, Leandro Coelho Teixeira-Pinheiro, Juliana F. Vasques, Luiza Chimeli-Ormonde, Victor Bodart-Santos, Luiza Rachel Pinheiro de Carvalho, Marcelo Felippe Santiago, Rosalia Mendez-Otero
Summary: Human umbilical Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs and their extracellular vesicles showed sustained neuroprotective effects and promoted regeneration of RGCs in a rat model of optic nerve crush. This highlights the potential of cell therapy using human MSCs for neuroprotection and axon regeneration after optic nerve injury.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jiun L. Do, Salam Allahwerdy, Ryan Caezar C. David, Robert N. Weinreb, Mark H. Tuszynski, Derek S. Welsbie
Summary: Human neural stem cells have shown potential in promoting the survival and axonal regeneration of injured retinal ganglion cells, possibly through diffusible factors released by NSCs. Additionally, NSCs integrate with the injured optic nerve and have the potential to establish neuronal relays to restore retinofugal connections.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lili Xie, Ling-Ping Cen, Yiqing Li, Hui-Ya Gilbert, Oleksandr Strelko, Cynthia Berlinicke, Mihaela A. Stavarache, Madeline Ma, Yongting Wang, Qi Cui, Michael G. Kaplitt, Donald J. Zack, Larry I. Benowitz, Yuqin Yin
Summary: Sterile inflammation in the eye can partially reverse the failure of mammalian retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to regenerate axons and survive after optic nerve injury. This reversal is mediated by the expression of axogenic protein oncomodulin (Ocm) by infiltrative myeloid cells. Additionally, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) expressed by infiltrative macrophages plays a central role in enhancing Ocm activity and promoting inflammation-induced regeneration and RGC survival.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Feng Pan, Dan Hu, Li-Juan Sun, Qian Bai, Yu-Sheng Wang, Xu Hou
Summary: The study shows that Valproate reduces apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in rats after optic nerve-crush injury by attenuating phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha-C/EBP homologous protein signaling and caspase-12 activation during endoplasmic reticulum stress. These findings represent a newly discovered mechanism that regulates how valproate protects neurons.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Feifei Wang, Yuning Song, Peiyu Liu, Fangli Ma, Zhida Peng, Yulian Pang, Haijian Hu, Ling Zeng, Hongdou Luo, Xu Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to confirm the effect of intravitreal injection of RAPA on RGCs and explore the underlying mechanism. The results showed that RAPA reduced the activation of glial cells and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in the retina. Furthermore, RAPA exerted protective effects on RGC axons by inhibiting glial activation and regulating the mTOR/ROCK pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
J. Koschel, K. Ray Chaudhuri, L. Toenges, M. Thiel, V Raeder, W. H. Jost
Summary: The trajectory of dopamine replacement therapy in treating Parkinson's disease is variable and dose adjustments may be necessary. Clear guidelines regarding tapering off PD medication are currently lacking, and sudden dose reductions could have serious consequences. Further research is needed to establish evidence-based recommendations on how to taper or discontinue medication for Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Wolfgang H. Jost, Carsten Buhmann, Joseph Classen, Karla Eggert, Zacharias Kohl, Tiago Outeiro, Lars Tonges, Dirk Woitalla, Heinz Reichmann
Summary: COMT inhibitors have been established for over 20 years in the treatment of motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease. However, the available inhibitors differ in pharmacokinetics, indication requirements, and side effects, leading to many patients not receiving optimized drug treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Olivier Rascol, Lars Toenges, Tina DeVries, Mark Jaros, Adrian Quartel, David Jacobs
Summary: The study shows that IR/ER amantadine is effective in reducing LID, but the results vary in different doses and trials. However, despite some adverse events, it still has the potential to be an effective medication in the treatment of LID.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
P. Riedel, I. M. Domachowska, Y. Lee, P. T. Neukam, L. Tonges, S. C. Li, T. Goschke, M. N. Smolka
Summary: The cognitive control dilemma refers to the balance between stability and flexibility in attention, which is believed to be maintained by dopamine. However, there is limited research on this balance in humans.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun Hae Kwon, Sabrina Tennagels, Ralf Gold, Klaus Gerwert, Leon Beyer, Lars Toenges
Summary: This paper emphasizes the importance of reliable objective markers for identifying individuals at risk of Parkinson's disease. Advances in biomarker discovery, particularly in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), have provided promising preliminary results. Potential biomarkers include alpha-synuclein species, markers of amyloid and tau pathology, neurofilament light chain, lysosomal enzymes, and markers of neuroinflammation. Metabolomics approaches have also offered insights into novel biological pathways. Genetic forms of PD can help identify subgroups suitable for targeted treatments. Further validation studies are needed to determine the most valuable CSF biomarkers or combinations for clinical and research purposes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wolfgang H. Jost, Lars Toenges
Summary: In Parkinson's disease, the focus has traditionally been on motor symptoms and dopaminergic therapy. However, the importance of non-motor symptoms has gained recognition, highlighting the need for treatment of non-dopaminergic deficits. Adenosine A (2A) receptor antagonists have been identified as an additional therapy, as they can modulate the striato-thalamo-cortical loops.
FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE PSYCHIATRIE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariana Santana Dias, Xiaoyue Luo, Vinicius Toledo Ribas, Hilda Petrs-Silva, Jan Christoph Koch
Summary: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to progressive vision loss by affecting the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Impairment of axonal transport at the optic nerve head (ONH) is an important feature of glaucoma, and is believed to occur early in the disease before axonal and somal degeneration. Understanding the role of axonal transport in glaucoma is crucial for deciphering disease mechanisms and developing early therapies to prevent irreversible neuronal damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Antonia F. Demleitner, Andreas W. Wolff, Johanna Erber, Friedemann Gebhardt, Erica Westenberg, Andrea S. Winkler, Susanne Kolbe-Busch, Iris F. Chaberny, Paul Lingor
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with a rising prevalence. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a complicated disease course for PD patients. Currently, there is a lack of guidelines for managing outpatient PD patients during times of increased infection risk. However, measures such as mask-wearing, hand hygiene, social distancing, and appropriate testing strategies can minimize exposure risk. Telemedicine consultations can be used for low urgency visits, while in-person presentation is required for moderate and high urgency visits. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is safe and effective for PD patients, playing a key role in reducing infection risk.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Jonas Deppe, Natalie Deininger, Paul Lingor, Tobias B. Haack, Bernhard Haslinger, Marcus Deschauer
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sina Bohnacker, Franziska Hartung, Fiona Henkel, Alessandro Quaranta, Johan Kolmert, Alina Priller, Minhaz Ud-Dean, Johanna Giglberger, Luisa M. Kugler, Lisa Pechtold, Sarah Yazici, Antonie Lechner, Johanna Erber, Ulrike Protzer, Paul Lingor, Percy Knolle, Adam M. Chaker, Carsten B. Schmidt-Weber, Craig E. Wheelock, Julia Esser-von Bieren
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection leaves an inflammatory imprint in MDM, resulting in aberrant macrophage function and eicosanoid metabolism, leading to long-term immune aberrations in patients recovering from mild COVID-19.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Patricia Rada, Fabienne Lamballe, Elena Carceller-Lopez, Ana B. Hitos, Celia Sequera, Flavio Maina, Angela M. Valverde
Summary: There is compelling evidence that the MET receptor tyrosine kinase plays a significant role in liver development, regeneration, insulin resistance, and obesity.
Article
Neurosciences
Andreas Wolfgang Wolff, Bernhard Haller, Antonia Franziska Demleitner, Erica Westenberg, Paul Lingor
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the medical care of patients with Parkinson's disease, leading to worsening symptoms, appointment cancellations, and difficulties in organizing treatments. Physicians offered alternative consultation options, with telephone consultations being the most accepted by patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qiang Chen, Raphael Scherbaum, Ralf Gold, Kalliopi Pitarokoili, Axel Mosig, Samis Zella, Lars Toenges
Summary: A data-driven clustering analysis was conducted to identify three subtypes of Parkinson's disease: early onset mild type, intermediate type, and late-onset severe type. The Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), Non-motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQuest), and the MDS-UPDRS Part II were found to be crucial factors for differentiating PD subtypes.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Tanja Ducic, Jan Christoph Koch
Summary: By analyzing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of ALS patients using FTIR spectroscopy, this study reveals significant changes in the molecular contents, including RNA, glutamate, carbohydrates, and key markers of lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that FTIR characterization of CSF could be a powerful tool for ALS diagnosis and provide insights into the pathophysiology of ALS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Svitlana Rozanova, Julian Uszkoreit, Karin Schork, Bettina Serschnitzki, Martin Eisenacher, Lars Toenges, Katalin Barkovits-Boeddinghaus, Katrin Marcus
Summary: Proteomic studies using mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantification are important for discovering new biomarkers, but the accuracy of the outcomes can be affected by various analytical conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the quality of the acquired data, including raw data, identification, and quantification levels. This study demonstrates the assessment of four independent datasets from cerebrospinal fluid, highlighting the impact of sample processing-based differences on the quality of quantitative data. Additionally, a free and open source quality control tool called MaCProQC is provided for systematic and rapid data comparison.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yang Gao, Ya-Nan Ou, Yi-Ming Huang, Zhi-Bo Wang, Yan Fu, Ya-Hui Ma, Qiong-Yao Li, Li-Yun Ma, Rui-Ping Cui, Yin-Chu Mi, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: Liver function may play a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that as AD progressed, certain liver function markers increased while others decreased. The relationship between liver function and CSF AD biomarkers indicates a potential mediation effect on cognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2024)