Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Osorio-Forero, Romain Cardis, Gil Vantomme, Aurelie Guillaume-Gentil, Georgia Katsioudi, Christiane Devenoges, Laura M. J. Fernandez, Anita Luthi
Summary: During NREMS, fluctuation of noradrenaline levels in thalamus are associated with sleep spindle rhythms and heart-rate variations, indicating vigilance-promoting mechanism by LC neurons. Optogenetic activation or inhibition of LC neurons can modulate sleep-spindle clustering and heart-rate variations, affecting sensory arousability during NREMS. Noradrenergic modulation of thalamic circuits plays a key role in maintaining sensory arousability in mammalian NREMS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew T. Birnie, Matthew D. B. Claydon, Oliver Troy, Benjamin P. Flynn, Mitsuhiro Yoshimura, Yvonne M. Kershaw, Zidong Zhao, Rebecca C. R. Demski- Allen, Gareth R. I. Barker, E. Clea Warburton, Zuner A. Bortolotto, Stafford L. Lightman, Becky L. Conway- Campbell
Summary: The coordinator of circadian biological systems is adrenal glucocorticoid secretion, which plays a role in regulating various physiological processes. However, disruption of this circadian rhythm during corticosteroid therapy can lead to memory impairment, and the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study investigates the impact of corticosteroid treatment on the hippocampal transcriptome and synaptic plasticity in rats, revealing misalignment with natural circadian cues and resulting in memory deficits. These findings provide insights into the molecular basis of memory deficits in patients treated with long-acting synthetic corticosteroids.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Julia M. Gouws, Aidan Sherrington, Shaojie Zheng, Joon S. Kim, Karl J. Iremonger
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism by which noradrenaline regulates activity within the corticotropin-releasing hormone neuronal network. Using in vitro imaging and electrophysiology, the researchers found that noradrenaline induces excitability increase in a proportion of neurons, leading to bursting activity. This activation requires specific receptors and channels, and can be suppressed by elevated corticosterone levels.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nannan Chen, Yunpeng Zhang, Emmanuel J. Rivera-Rodriguez, Albert D. Yu, Michael Hobin, Michael Rosbash, Leslie C. Griffith
Summary: It is found that many glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons also transcribe cholinergic genes but fail to accumulate cholinergic effector proteins in Drosophila. The suppression of cholinergic signaling is posttranscriptionally regulated by the microRNA miR-190. This posttranscriptional restriction provides a mechanism for reversible tuning of neuronal output.
Article
Neurosciences
Wuyi Wang, Simon Zhornitsky, Sheng Zhang, Chiang-shan R. Li
Summary: Preclinical studies have suggested a dysfunction in the noradrenergic system in cocaine addiction. Human studies on this system have been limited due to difficulties in localizing the locus coeruleus. This study found that chronic cocaine exposure may lead to increased intensity of neuromelanin signal in the locus coeruleus, indicating neurotoxic effects. Additionally, cue-induced connectivity between the parahippocampal gyrus and locus coeruleus was positively correlated with chronic cocaine craving, suggesting a noradrenergic correlate of craving.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wan-Ying Dong, Xia Zhu, Hao-Di Tang, Ji-Ye Huang, Meng-Yu Zhu, Ping-Kai Cheng, Hao Wang, Xi-Yang Wang, Haitao Wang, Yu Mao, Wan Zhao, Yan Zhang, Wen-Juan Tao, Zhi Zhang
Summary: The authors discover a brain-to-stomach signalling axis that mediates stress-induced gastric dysfunction. Psychological and physical stress have been linked to gastric disorders in humans, but the mechanism connecting the brain and the stomach has been unclear. The study shows that the stomach receives acetylcholinergic inputs from the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (ACh(DMV)), which are innervated by serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (5-HTDRN). Chronic stress inhibits the 5-HTDRN & RARR; ACh(DMV) & RARR; stomach circuit, leading to decreased gastric function. Activation of this circuit reverses stress-induced gastric dysfunction. This study provides insights into the circuitry involved in brain regulation of the stomach.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Volnova, Natalia Kurzina, Anastasia Belskaya, Arina Gromova, Arseniy Pelevin, Maria Ptukha, Zoia Fesenko, Alla Ignashchenkova, Raul R. Gainetdinov
Summary: Investigating the mechanisms of ADHD and other dopamine-associated conditions is crucial for developing new treatment approaches. This study evaluated the effects of alpha 2A-adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine on behavioral deficits in DAT-KO rats. The results showed that repeated administration of guanfacine improved spatial working memory and behavioral deficits in DAT-KO rats, suggesting the potential use of this drug in balancing dopamine and norepinephrine levels for treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
XiTin Lian, Qin Xu, YuLin Wang, GuLeYuan Gu, Qian Yu, WeiHui Shao, HaiXiang Ma, Yue Shen, Lu Liu, JiaXuan Gu, HongHai Zhang
Summary: Seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) has been recognized as a main cause of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), but the involvement of other factors such as cardiac arrhythmias cannot be excluded. This study found that the locus coeruleus (LC) and peripheral noradrenergic neurotransmission play a role in S-IRA, and the protective effect of atomoxetine in reducing S-IRA and SUDEP can be reversed by esmolol hydrochloride. Moreover, the connectivity between the LC and heart was investigated, suggesting the regulation of SUDEP occurrence through b1-adrenergic receptors on cardiomyocytes by noradrenergic neurons in the LC.
Review
Physiology
Osvaldo Delbono, Zhong-Min Wang, Maria Laura Messi
Summary: Brainstem noradrenergic neuron clusters play a crucial role in regulating cognition and skeletal muscle function. They are highly heterogeneous and project to different areas in the brain and spinal cord. Understanding the vulnerability of these neurons to protein deposition and aging can help detect neurodegeneration early on and predict disease progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karen R. Mifsud, Clare L. M. Kennedy, Silvia Salatino, Eshita Sharma, Emily M. Price, Samantha N. Haque, Andriana Gialeli, Hannah M. Goss, Polina E. Panchenko, John Broxholme, Simon Engledow, Helen Lockstone, Oscar Cordero Llana, Johannes M. H. M. Reul
Summary: GCs act through hippocampal mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors to impact gene regulatory programs related to neuronal plasticity, ciliogenesis, and behavioral adaptation. The receptors MR and GR regulate genes involved in synaptic/neuro-plasticity, cell morphology and development, behavior, and neuropsychiatric disorders. These findings suggest a crucial role of GCs in maintaining brain health and adapting to changing environments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nan Zhang, Li Zhao, Yan Su, Xiaoliang Liu, Feilong Zhang, Yiwen Gao
Summary: The study revealed that Syringin could protect against A beta-induced neurotoxicity by regulating the miR-124-3p/BID pathway, providing a potential mechanism for Syringin to treat AD.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuhei Niitani, Shiho Ito, Shintaro Wada, Shoma Izumi, Naoya Nishitani, Satoshi Deyama, Katsuyuki Kaneda
Summary: Stress exposure enhances noradrenaline transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and facilitates the induction of seizures. This facilitation is mediated by the stimulation of alpha(1) adrenoceptors. The acute restraint stress shortens the latency of mPFC-originated seizures induced by picrotoxin, which can be reversed by terazosin infusion.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Fei Zeng, Yan Fan, Russell W. Brown, Wesley Drew Gill, Jennifer B. Price, Thomas C. Jones, Meng-Yang Zhu
Summary: This study found that enhancing noradrenergic activity in the brain can improve the function of dopaminergic neurons in aged animals, potentially indicating biochemical therapeutic benefits but not necessarily behavioral improvements.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuchu Feng, Yu Wu, Yantao Chen, Xilin Xiong, Peng Li, Xiaomin Peng, Chunmou Li, Wenjun Weng, Yafeng Zhu, Dunhua Zhou, Yang Li
Summary: This study revealed that ATO may induce ferroptosis in neuroblastoma cells by facilitating the downregulation of GPX4, ultimately resulting in iron-dependent oxidative death.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Reza Bidaki, Fatemeh Saghafi, Samira Ahrari, Vajiheh Aghamollaii, Mojde Rahmani, Ahdie Asadi
Summary: A patient diagnosed with Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) faced a therapeutic challenge when the corticosteroid dosage was reduced, leading to the development of psychiatric symptoms.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yang Gao, Ya-Nan Ou, Yi-Ming Huang, Zhi-Bo Wang, Yan Fu, Ya-Hui Ma, Qiong-Yao Li, Li-Yun Ma, Rui-Ping Cui, Yin-Chu Mi, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: Liver function may play a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that as AD progressed, certain liver function markers increased while others decreased. The relationship between liver function and CSF AD biomarkers indicates a potential mediation effect on cognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2024)