Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin Owen, Edyta Bichler, Morris Benveniste
Summary: This study investigates changes in synaptic transmission with progression of chronic epilepsy, finding that rats treated with pilocarpine show alterations in synaptic characteristics at different time points, possibly related to depletion of neurotransmitter vesicles.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chengzhang Li, Zhenrong Li, Sihan Xu, Sanwei Jiang, Zhenli Ye, Bin Yu, Shixiang Gong, Junmei Li, Qilin Hu, Bingyan Feng, Mengmeng Wang, Chengbiao Lu
Summary: We found that exogenous AMPA can dose-dependently inhibit carbachol-induced oscillation in the CA3 area of rat hippocampal slices, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Our results suggest that CP-AMPAR and CaMKK negatively modulate the formation of oscillation, and AMPA downregulation of oscillation may be related to the reduced recurrent excitation within the CA3 local neuronal network.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Puzio, Niamh Moreton, Mairead Sullivan, Caitriona Scaife, Jeffrey C. Glennon, John J. O'Connor
Summary: Metabolic stress and ROS production contribute to neuronal damage and synaptic plasticity in acute ischemic stroke. MnTMPyP has a neuroprotective effect in hippocampal slices and regulates synaptic transmission during hypoxia and OGD. This study investigates the molecular changes and mechanisms involved in the effect of MnTMPyP, revealing impairments in vesicular trafficking and cell differentiation signaling. These findings provide insights into the role of MnTMPyP in synaptic transmission and plasticity during ischemia.
Article
Neurosciences
Mara Yone D. Fernandes, Joao Pedro Lopes, Henrique B. Silva, Geanne M. Andrade, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Angelo R. Tome
Summary: Caffeic acid, a polyphenolic compound found in many dietary components, has been shown to reduce brain ischemia and attenuate various brain diseases. This study investigated whether caffeic acid directly affects synaptic transmission and plasticity, and found that it does not have a direct effect but can indirectly correct synaptic dysfunction.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yixing Du, Faith H. Brennan, Phillip G. Popovich, Min Zhou
Summary: This study investigates the role of microglia in regulating the structure and function of astrocytes in the mouse hippocampus, revealing that depletion of microglia disrupts astrocyte syncytial isopotentiality and dye coupling, leading to reduced synaptic transmission in neurons. Activation of microglia enhances synaptic transmission, while leaving astrocyte network function unaffected.
Article
Neurosciences
Ya Zheng, Benjamin Reiner, Jianuo Liu, Linda Xu, Huangui Xiong
Summary: Methamphetamine abuse and HIV-1 infection have a synergistic effect on neurocognitive impairment in the hippocampus. Meth and HIV-1 gp120 individually reduce synaptic transmission and plasticity in the CA1 region, and their combination exacerbates the damage. Involvement of microglia NLRP3 inflammasome activation in this exacerbation was also observed.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Niamh Moreton, Martina Puzio, John J. O'Connor
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the ROS scavenger MnTMPyP on synaptic transmission in hypoxia and OGD models, revealing a modulatory effect specific to the CA1 region of the hippocampus and a protective role in cell viability post hypoxia and OGD.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Valada, Sofia Alcada-Morais, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Joao Pedro Lopes
Summary: Theobromine, a metabolite of caffeine, affects synaptic transmission and plasticity by antagonizing adenosine receptors, resulting in improved cognitive function and neuroprotection against disease-related conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mario Heles, Petra Mrozkova, Dominika Sulcova, Pavel Adamek, Diana Spicarova, Jiri Palecek
Summary: The study revealed that elevated levels of CCL2 may severely weaken the opioid-induced inhibition of excitatory synaptic transmission through a microglia activation mechanism, while the delayed enhancement of neurotransmission after mu OR activation is dependent on TRPV1 receptor activation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryota Fukaya, Marta Maglione, Stephan J. Sigrist, Takeshi Sakaba
Summary: This study suggests a potential mechanism for the cAMP-dependent increase in neurotransmission at hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapses, involving an accumulation of active zone Ca2+ channels. Experimental results indicate an increase in the local Ca2+ concentration at the release site following potentiation, driven by rapid Ca2+ channel accumulation, rather than changes in intracellular Ca2+ sensitivity. Various microscopy techniques provide insights into the underlying mechanisms.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Pablo Vergara, Gabriela Pino, Jorge Vera, Felipe Arancibia, Magdalena Sanhueza
Summary: Prolonged changes in neural activity trigger homeostatic synaptic plasticity, allowing neuronal networks to operate within functional ranges. Deafferentation causes rapid and diverse compensations, which may contribute to understanding homeostatic or pathological events after brain injury.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Giselle Cheung, Oana Chever, Astrid Rollenhagen, Nicole Quenech'du, Pascal Ezan, Joachim H. R. Luebke, Nathalie Rouach
Summary: A study found that Connexin 43 (Cx43) is enriched in astroglial processes and plays a crucial role in synaptic transmission. It was discovered that Cx43 controls synaptic glutamate levels and allows for activity-dependent glutamine release to sustain normal synaptic transmission and cognition. However, its importance in synaptic vesicle release remains unanswered.
Article
Immunology
Jing Rong, Yang Yang, Min Liang, Haiquan Zhong, Yingchun Li, Yichao Zhu, Sha Sha, Lei Chen, Rong Zhou
Summary: The mechanisms by which neonatal inflammation leads to cognitive deficits in adulthood remain poorly understood. In this study, the researchers investigated how neonatal inflammation affects GABAergic synaptic transmission, resulting in cognitive impairment.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kyle A. Brown, Panos Zanos, Chris F. Powels, Connor J. Fix, Michael Michaelides, Edna F. R. Pereira, Ruin Moaddel, Todd D. Gould
Summary: Benzethonium chloride (BZT) is an excipient commonly used in ketamine drug formulations, and recent research suggests that BZT has pharmacological activity. This study investigated the affinity of BZT for neurotransmitter receptors and transporters, its effects on synaptic transmission, and its distribution in the body. The results showed that BZT binds to various receptors and transporters, enhances synaptic potentials in the hippocampus, and can be detected in the plasma but not in the brain after administration. These findings suggest that previous studies attributing pharmacological effects to ketamine may be influenced by BZT and warrant further investigation of BZT's functional impact.
Article
Neurosciences
Soulmee Koh, Wongyoung Lee, Sang Myun Park, Sung Hyun Kim
Summary: The study demonstrates the important role of Cav1 in synaptic vesicle exocytosis, with its knockdown significantly impairing synaptic vesicle function. Neurons rescued by triple mutants lacking palmitoylation sites of Cav1 show impairments in both synaptic transmission and retrieval, highlighting the importance of Cav1 palmitoylation in activity-driven synaptic vesicle dynamics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yang Gao, Ya-Nan Ou, Yi-Ming Huang, Zhi-Bo Wang, Yan Fu, Ya-Hui Ma, Qiong-Yao Li, Li-Yun Ma, Rui-Ping Cui, Yin-Chu Mi, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: Liver function may play a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that as AD progressed, certain liver function markers increased while others decreased. The relationship between liver function and CSF AD biomarkers indicates a potential mediation effect on cognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2024)