Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrijan Ivanusec, Jernej Sribar, Igor Krizaj
Summary: This study provides an overview of the diverse functions of secreted phospholipases A(2) (sPLA(2s)) as enzymes and ligands in biological processes, and presents the latest discoveries related to sPLA(2)-binding proteins (sPLA(2)-BPs). The structural diversity of sPLA(2)-BPs suggests that sPLA(2s) are promiscuous proteins, and their roles in cellular transport, signaling, and regulation of enzymatic activity are discussed. Due to their multifunctionality, sPLA(2s) show great potential as pharmacological targets for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Yin-Juan Wu, Qing He, Mei Shang, Ying-Xuan Yin, Ye Li, Xue Du, Xue-Rong Li
Summary: The NF-kappa B signaling pathway is involved in liver fibrosis caused by the secreted phospholipase A2 of Clonorchis sinensis (CssPLA2). The interaction between CssPLA2 and its receptor TM7SF3 plays a crucial role in liver fibrosis induced by CssPLA2.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Etienne Dore, Charles Joly-Beauparlant, Satoshi Morozumi, Alban Mathieu, Tania Levesque, Isabelle Allaeys, Anne-Claire Duchez, Nathalie Cloutier, Mickael Leclercq, Antoine Bodein, Christine Payre, Cyril Martin, Agnes Petit-Paitel, Michael H. Gelb, Manu Rangachari, Makoto Murakami, Laetitia Davidovic, Nicolas Flamand, Makoto Arita, Gerard Lambeau, Arnaud Droit, Eric Boilard
Summary: sPLA(2)-IIA exerts its effects on the immune system by acting on the intestinal microbiota and its lipidome. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and bacterial-derived lipid mediators are potentially involved in this process.
Review
Immunology
Makoto Murakami, Hiroyasu Sato, Yoshitaka Taketomi
Summary: Individual sPLA(2)s in the PLA(2) superfamily play different roles in immune responses and related diseases through their unique enzymatic specificity and tissue/cellular distributions. Mass spectrometric lipidomics can help identify the substrates and products of sPLA(2)s in specific tissue microenvironments, providing valuable insights into immune responses and associated diseases.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danushki Herath, Benjamin Even, Mathilde Oranger, Roberta Foresti, Dulce Papy, Laurent Boyer, Jorge Boczkowski, Maylis Dagouassat
Summary: This study reveals that lung fibroblast senescence is involved in the pathophysiology of COPD, but the specific mechanisms are poorly understood. The researchers found that secreted phospholipases (sPLA2) are released by senescent cells and can induce cell senescence. However, the role of sPLA2 in fibroblast senescence in COPD is still unknown.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Mangini, Rosa D'Angelo, Caterina Vinciguerra, Christine Payre, Gerard Lambeau, Barbara Balestrieri, Julia F. F. Charles, Stefania Mariggio
Summary: This study investigates the role of group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)-IIA) in osteoclast bone-resorption activity and syncytium formation. The results suggest that sPLA(2)-IIA is involved in the regulation of osteoclast maturation and fusion through both catalytic-dependent and independent mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lei Dong, Yue-qiang Li, Shui-ming Guo, Gang Xu, Wang Wei, Min Han
Summary: The study found that hyperlipidemia is correlated with anti-PLA2R and pathological indicators in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. High cholesterol levels independently predict disease severity, serum anti-PLA2R antibody, glomerular PLA2R deposit, and proteinuria outcomes in IMN patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Tian Li, Gemin Wang, Wei He, Guiqin Li, Chunyang Wang, Jiamei Zhao, Pan Chen, Meiwei Guo, Ping Chen
Summary: In this study, the role of insect immune-associated phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) in melanization in silkworms was investigated. PLA(2) was found to regulate melanization through the modulation of BmDDC protein expression. This study provides new insights into the complex immune networks of insects.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dajana Lichtenstein, Alexandra Lasch, Jimmy Alarcan, Almut Mentz, Joern Kalinowski, Felix F. Schmidt, Oliver Poetz, Philip Marx-Stoelting, Albert Braeuning
Summary: In real life, organisms are exposed to complex mixtures of chemicals at low concentration levels, whereas research on toxicological effects is mostly focused on single compounds at comparably high doses. Mixture effects deviating from the assumption of additivity, especially synergistic effects, are of concern. This study demonstrates the enhanced triglyceride accumulation in human liver cells caused by a mixture of fatty chemicals at low concentrations, revealing potentially synergistic effects. Mathematical modeling and transcript pattern analysis further support the existence of more than additive behavior in mixture effects.
Article
Cell Biology
Yoshitaka Taketomi, Yuki Endo, Takayoshi Higashi, Remi Murase, Tomio Ono, Choji Taya, Tetsuyuki Kobayashi, Makoto Murakami
Summary: Tissue-resident mast cells play important roles in allergic reactions and their maturation is regulated by a complex interaction between secreted phospholipase A(2) and prostaglandin D2. The absence of sPLA2-III in mast cells leads to immature mast cells and reduced allergic responses, with implications for acute anaphylactic reactions and contact hypersensitivity.
Article
Cell Biology
Ashish Jaiswal, Rakhshinda Rehman, Joytri Dutta, Sabita Singh, Archita Ray, Malathy Shridhar, Jaswant Jaisankar, Manas Bhatt, Dikshit Khandelwal, Bandya Sahoo, Arjun Ram, Ulaganathan Mabalirajan
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease with a poor prognosis. The expression profile of various secretory Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) isoforms in the lungs of healthy individuals and IPF patients was analyzed. PLA2G2A and PLA2G5 were found to be increased in the fibroblasts of IPF patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrijan Ivanusec, Jernej Sribar, Adrijana Leonardi, Maja Zorovic, Marko Zivin, Igor Krizaj
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive form of dementia characterized by increased expression of GIIA and dysfunction of neuronal mitochondria. This study found that rat GIIA and snake venom Atx have similar molecular effects on neuronal mitochondria, suggesting that high levels of GIIA in AD tissue may lead to its translocation into neurons and mitochondria, inhibiting respiratory chain activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jie Zhang, Petr Pavek, Rajamanikkam Kamaraj, Li Ren, Tiehua Zhang
Summary: As a review, this paper summarizes the types and mechanisms of plant-derived pregnane X receptor (PXR) modulators and provides crystal structure information related to PXR binding. Furthermore, it summarizes the agonists, partial agonists, and antagonists of PXR from botanical sources. Further research is needed to screen more plant-derived PXR antagonists for antagonizing PXR function.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hironobu Yagishita, Hideaki Kagaya, Mitsuru Saito, Kazuyuki Numakura, Ryohei Yamamoto, Ryuichiro Sagehashi, Tomonori Habuchi, Shigeru Satoh, Masatomo Miura
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of NR1I2 and ABCB1 genetic polymorphisms on everolimus pharmacokinetics in Japanese renal transplant patients. The results showed significant correlations between different genotypes, gender, age, and liver function with the dose-adjusted AUC(0-12) of everolimus. Therefore, age and liver function should be considered when evaluating dose reductions for everolimus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Juan Pablo Rigalli, Dirk Theile, Julie Nilles, Johanna Weiss
Summary: PXR interacts with RXRα to regulate drug metabolism, immune function, and cancer pathogenesis; its activity is regulated by coactivator and corepressor proteins; studies indicate cell- and ligand-specific differences in PXR activation.
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Suzan Boutary, Andoni Echaniz-Laguna, David Adams, Julien Loisel-Duwattez, Michael Schumacher, Charbel Massaad, Liliane Massaad-Massade
Summary: CMT1A, caused by a duplication on chromosome 17p11.2, is the most common form of CMT disease. Current treatments are symptomatic, but there is promising potential in PMP22-targeted small interfering RNA and antisense oligonucleotides.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Martine El-Etr, Yvette Akwa, Marion Rame, Michael Schumacher, Regine Sitruk-Ware
Summary: The study demonstrated that NES promotes oligodendrocyte progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation into mature OL by regulating the expression of transcription factors Olig2, Myt1, and Sox17, ultimately contributing to remyelination in a demyelination mouse model.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yousra Laouarem, Abdelmoumen Kassoussi, Amina Zahaf, Tom Hutteau-Hamel, Amine Mellouk, Pierre Bobe, Claudia Mattern, Michael Schumacher, Elisabeth Traiffort
Summary: Hedgehog and androgen signals are coordinated in oligodendrocyte and myelin production, with persistent Hedgehog signaling potentially impeding myelin production, while testosterone has a significant pro-myelinating activity and AR controls neural stem cell commitment. The pathways functionally cooperate in accelerating myelin regeneration, leading to reduced neuroinflammation and functional improvement in demyelinating diseases, with unique effects on cytokines and immune cell populations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dalila N. J. Mancino, Maria Luz Leicaj, Analia Lima, Paulina Roig, Rachida Guennoun, Michael Schumacher, Alejandro F. De Nicola, Laura Garay
Summary: Progesterone and its metabolites may play a role in postnatal cerebellar myelination, with higher levels of progesterone observed in P18 and P35 mice, correlating with increased myelination during development.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Agustina Lara, Ivan Esperante, Maria Meyer, Philippe Liere, Noelia Di Giorgio, Michael Schumacher, Rachida Guennoun, Gisella Gargiulo-Monachelli, Alejandro Federico De Nicola, Maria Claudia Gonzalez Deniselle
Summary: The study on the efficacy of testosterone in the ALS animal model Wobblers mice found that testosterone treatment can alleviate inflammatory responses in the degenerating spinal cord, protect neurons, slow down disease progression, and improve motor performance.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Regine Sitruk-Ware, Brooke Bonsack, Roberta Brinton, Michael Schumacher, Narender Kumar, Jea-Young Lee, Vanessa Castelli, Sydney Corey, Alexandreya Coats, Nadia Sadanandan, Bella Gonzales-Portillo, Matt Heyck, Alex Shear, Cozene Blaise, Henry Zhang, Michael Sheyner, Julian Garcia-Sanchez, Lisset Navarro, Martine El-Etr, Alejandro F. De Nicola, Cesar Borlongan
Summary: Hormone therapy using progesterone and progestins for CNS disorders shows promise in regenerative medicine, with Nestorone emerging as a potential candidate for diseases such as MS, ALS, SCI, and stroke. Researchers are working to optimize drug regimens and identify suitable patient populations to advance Nestorone to clinical application.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Suzan Boutary, Marie Caillaud, Mevidette El Madani, Jean-Michel Vallat, Julien Loisel-Duwattez, Alice Rouyer, Laurence Richard, Celine Gracia, Giorgia Urbinati, Didier Desmaele, Andoni Echaniz-Laguna, David Adams, Patrick Couvreur, Michael Schumacher, Charbel Massaad, Liliane Massaad-Massade
Summary: The study introduces a treatment for CMT1A using siRNA conjugated to squalene nanoparticles, which resulted in the restoration of pathology and function, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for inherited peripheral neuropathies. This approach demonstrates the concept of precision medicine based on normalizing disease gene expression by using siRNA.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Alejandro F. De Nicola, Maria Meyer, Laura Garay, Maria Sol Kruse, Michael Schumacher, Rachida Guennoun, Maria Claudia Gonzalez Deniselle
Summary: Progesterone plays a crucial role in neuroprotection by improving neuropathology in the Wobbler mouse model, including reducing motoneuron vacuolization, enhancing mitochondrial respiratory complex activity, and decreasing nitric oxide synthase activity. Additionally, progesterone has differential effects on glial cells, such as increasing oligodendrocyte density and decreasing astrogliosis. These changes are associated with reduced expression of anti-inflammatory markers.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Khadija El Hadri, Remy Smith, Eric Duplus, Chahrazade El Amri
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide, characterized by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular senescence. Current therapeutic options include lipid-lowering drugs, anti-inflammatory interventions, and lifestyle changes. Targeting oxidative stress and senescent cells has emerged as promising strategies for atherosclerosis treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Petra Bloms-Funke, Michael Schumacher, Song Liu, Diya Su, Jing Li, Philippe Liere, Rainer Rupprecht, Caroline Nothdurfter, Gregor Bahrenberg, Thomas Christoph, Christopher Habermann, Christa Kneip, Wolfgang Schroeder, Thomas M. Tzschentke, Derek Saunders
Summary: CNP, a chronic neuropathic pain, cannot be effectively prevented or reversed by opioids, necessitating the development of non-opioid options. GRT-X, a novel drug, acts on multiple mechanisms to enhance neuroprotection and neuroregeneration, showing potential as a treatment for CNP.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rainer Rupprecht, Christian H. Wetzel, Mario Dorostkar, Jochen Herms, Nathalie L. Albert, Jens Schwarzbach, Michael Schumacher, Inga D. Neumann
Summary: Efficient treatment of stress-related disorders remains challenging. Neurosteroids show rapid therapeutic effects, but long-term use is limited by tolerance and side effects. Promoting endogenous neurosteroidogenesis via TSPO could provide a new treatment option.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amina Zahaf, Abdelmoumen Kassoussi, Tom Hutteau-Hamel, Amine Mellouk, Corentine Marie, Lida Zoupi, Foteini Tsouki, Claudia Mattern, Pierre Bobe, Michael Schumacher, Anna Williams, Carlos Parras, Elisabeth Traiffort
Summary: The neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and remyelinating properties of androgens have been well documented in demyelinated male mice and men with multiple sclerosis. However, the effects of androgens mediated by the androgen receptor (AR) in females with low androgen levels have been poorly studied. This study reveals a significant expression of AR in microglial cells in demyelinated lesions of female mice and women with multiple sclerosis, while AR expression is almost undetectable in lesions from male animals and men with multiple sclerosis. Additionally, androgens and estrogens act synergistically in female mice, with androgens driving microglial cell response towards regeneration. Transcriptomic comparisons of demyelinated mouse spinal cords show that androgens up-regulate genes related to neuronal function and myelin production, but down-regulate immune system genes in females and lipid catabolism genes in males. These findings highlight the importance of considering male-female differences in therapeutic approaches for demyelinating diseases as androgens are necessary for proper myelin regeneration in females.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bin Bin Wang, Chao Guo, Sheng Qiao Sun, Xing Nan Zhang, Zhen Li, Wei Jie Li, De Zhi Li, Michael Schumacher, Song Liu
Summary: This study compared the effect of different peripheral nerve injury models on nerve regeneration through animal experiments. It was found that the regeneration speed was faster in the crush injury model, while it was slower in the transection injury model. This provides some reference for the selection of clinical research models.
BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Neike Fernandez, Anthony Petit, Antoine Pianos, Lena Haddad, Michael Schumacher, Philippe Liere, Rachida Guennoun
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death, and aging is the main nonmodifiable risk factor. Neuroactive steroids play a key role in cerebroprotection. Older mice have decreased capacity to metabolize steroids toward the 5 alpha-reduction pathway compared to younger mice, which may contribute to worsened stroke outcomes.
Article
Neuroimaging
Miao Ling, Binbin Sui, Diya Su, Dezhi Li, Binbin Wang, Hong Wan, Michael Schumacher, Lanxin Ji, Song Liu
Summary: The study investigated the effects of hypoglossal nerve transfer on facial function restoration in patients with facial paralysis. Enhanced activation in motor cortices correlated with improved facial function, suggesting potential targets for adjuvant therapies in the central nervous system.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)