4.6 Article

Performance sustaining intracortical neural prostheses

期刊

JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
卷 11, 期 6, 页码 -

出版社

IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/11/6/066003

关键词

neural prosthesis; brain-machine interface; robustness; high performance; rhesus macaque; longevity

资金

  1. Stanford Medical Scholars Program
  2. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Medical Research Fellows Program
  3. Paul and Daisy Soros Fellowship
  4. Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program
  5. National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships
  6. Stanford Graduate Fellowship
  7. Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Foundation
  8. National Science Foundation IGERT [0734683]
  9. KVS: Burroughs Welcome Fund Career Awards in the Biomedical Sciences, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Revolutionizing Prosthetics [2009 N66001-06-C-8005]
  10. Reorganization and Plasticity to Accelerate Injury Recovery [N66001-10-C-2010]
  11. US National Institutes of Health National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Collaborative Research in Computational Neuroscience [R01-NS054283]
  12. Bioengineering Research Grant [R01-NS064318]
  13. Transformative Research Award [T-R01NS076460]
  14. US National Institutes of Health EUREKA [R01-NS066311]
  15. Director's Pioneer Award [8DP1HD075623]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Objective. Neural prostheses, or brain-machine interfaces, aim to restore efficient communication and movement ability to those suffering from paralysis. A major challenge these systems face is robust performance, particularly with aging signal sources. The aim in this study was to develop a neural prosthesis that could sustain high performance in spite of signal instability while still minimizing retraining time. Approach. We trained two rhesus macaques implanted with intracortical microelectrode arrays 1-4 years prior to this study to acquire targets with a neurally-controlled cursor. We measured their performance via achieved bitrate (bits per second, bps). This task was repeated over contiguous days to evaluate the sustained performance across time. Main results. We found that in the monkey with a younger (i.e., two year old) implant and better signal quality, a fixed decoder could sustain performance for a month at a rate of 4 bps, the highest achieved communication rate reported to date. This fixed decoder was evaluated across 22 months and experienced a performance decline at a rate of 0.24 bps yr(-1). In the monkey with the older (i.e., 3.5 year old) implant and poorer signal quality, a fixed decoder could not sustain performance for more than a few days. Nevertheless, performance in this monkey was maintained for two weeks without requiring additional online retraining time by utilizing prior days' experimental data. Upon analysis of the changes in channel tuning, we found that this stability appeared partially attributable to the cancelling-out of neural tuning fluctuations when projected to two-dimensional cursor movements. Significance. The findings in this study (1) document the highest-performing communication neural prosthesis in monkeys, (2) confirm and extend prior reports of the stability of fixed decoders, and (3) demonstrate a protocol for system stability under conditions where fixed decoders would otherwise fail. These improvements to decoder stability are important

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