Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aaron R. Seitz
Summary: New research reveals a complex interplay between attention and learning across different stages of life. While attention guides learning in young adults, declining attention in older adults leads to less selective learning. Surprisingly, better attention in children is associated with less selective learning.
Article
Neurosciences
Lauren R. Ott, Samantha H. Penhale, Brittany K. Taylor, Brandon J. Lew, Yu-Ping Wang, Vince D. Calhoun, Julia M. Stephen, Tony W. Wilson
Summary: The study found significant changes in spontaneous cortical activity during the transition from childhood to adolescence, with sex differences in power across different frequency bands. These sex differences were particularly pronounced in certain cortical areas.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siwei Chen, Wedad Alhassen, Roudabeh Vakil Monfared, Benjamin Vachirakorntong, Surya M. Nauli, Pierre Baldi, Amal Alachkar
Summary: Almost all brain cells contain primary cilia, which play critical roles in brain functions throughout the human lifespan. The expression patterns of cilia's structural and functional components change with age, with region-specific differential expression of genes in different brain regions. Dysregulation of cilia components may be associated with age-related psychiatric and neurological disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rachel M. Brouwer, Marieke Klein, Katrina L. Grasby, Hugo G. Schnack, Neda Jahanshad, Jalmar Teeuw, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Emma Sprooten, Carol E. Franz, Nitin Gogtay, William S. Kremen, Matthew S. Panizzon, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Christopher D. Whelan, Moji Aghajani, Clara Alloza, Dag Alanaes, Eric Artiges, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Gareth J. Barker, Mark E. Bastin, Elisabet Blok, Erlend Boen, Isabella A. Breukelaar, Joanna K. Bright, Elizabeth E. L. Buimer, Robin Bulow, Dara M. Cannon, Simone Ciufolini, Nicolas A. Crossley, Christienne G. Damatac, Paola Dazzan, Casper L. de Mol, Sonja M. C. de Zwarte, Sylvane Desrivieres, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Nhat Trung Doan, Katharina Dohm, Juliane H. Froehner, Janik Goltermann, Antoine Grigis, Dominik Grotegerd, Laura K. M. Han, Mathew A. Harris, Catharina A. Hartman, Sarah J. Heany, Walter Heindel, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Sarah Hohmann, Bernd Ittermann, Philip R. Jansen, Joost Janssen, Tianye Jia, Jiyang Jiang, Christiane Jockwitz, Temmuz Karali, Daniel Keeser, Martijn G. J. C. Koevoets, Rhoshel K. Lenroot, Berend Malchow, Rene C. W. Mandl, Vicente Medel, Susanne Meinert, Catherine A. Morgan, Thomas W. Muehleisen, Leila Nabulsi, Nils Opel, Victor Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Bronwyn J. Overs, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Ronny Redlich, Tiago Reis Marques, Jonathan Repple, Gloria Roberts, Gennady V. Roshchupkin, Nikita Setiaman, Elena Shumskaya, Frederike Stein, Gustavo Sudre, Shun Takahashi, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Aad van der Lugt, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Wei Wen, Henk-Jan Westeneng, Katharina Wittfeld, Alyssa H. Zhu, Andre Zugman, Nicola J. Armstrong, Gaia Bonfiglio, Janita Bralten, Shareefa Dalvie, Gail Davies, Marta Di Forti, Linda Ding, Gary Donohoe, Andreas J. Forstner, Javier Gonzalez-Penas, Joao P. O. F. T. Guimaraes, Georg Homuth, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Maria J. Knol, John B. J. Kwok, Stephanie Le Hellard, Karen A. Mather, Yuri Milaneschi, Derek W. Morris, Markus M. Noethen, Sergi Papiol, Marcella Rietschel, Marcos L. Santoro, Vidar M. Steen, Jason L. Stein, Fabian Streit, Rick M. Tankard, Alexander Teumer, Dennis van 't Ent, Dennis van der Meer, Kristel R. van Eijk, Evangelos Vassos, Javier Vazquez-Bourgon, Stephanie H. Witt, Hieab H. H. Adams, Ingrid Agartz, David Ames, Katrin Amunts, Ole A. Andreassen, Celso Arango, Tobias Banaschewski, Bernhard T. Baune, Sintia I. Belangero, Arun L. W. Bokde, Dorret I. Boomsma, Rodrigo A. Bressan, Henry Brodaty, Jan K. Buitelaar, Wiepke Cahn, Svenja Caspers, Sven Cichon, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Simon R. Cox, Udo Dannlowski, Torbjorn Elvsashagen, Thomas Espeseth, Peter G. Falkai, Simon E. Fisher, Herta Flor, Janice M. Fullerton, Hugh Garavan, Penny A. Gowland, Hans J. Grabe, Tim Hahn, Andreas Heinz, Manon Hillegers, Jacqueline Hoare, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Mohammad A. Ikram, Andrea P. Jackowski, Andreas Jansen, Erik G. Jonsson, Rene S. Kahn, Tilo Kircher, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar, Axel Krug, Herve Lemaitre, Ulrik F. Malt, Jean-Luc Martinot, Colm McDonald, Philip B. Mitchell, Ryan L. Muetzel, Robin M. Murray, Frauke Nees, Igor Nenadic, Jaap Oosterlaan, Roel A. Ophoff, Pedro M. Pan, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Luise Poustka, Perminder S. Sachdev, Giovanni A. Salum, Peter R. Schofield, Gunter Schumann, Philip Shaw, Kang Sim, Michael N. Smolka, Dan J. Stein, Julian N. Trollor, Leonard H. van den Berg, Jan H. Veldink, Henrik Walter, Lars T. Westlye, Robert Whelan, Tonya White, Margaret J. Wright, Sarah E. Medland, Barbara Franke, Paul M. Thompson, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol
Summary: This study identified genetic variants that affect rates of brain growth and atrophy, suggesting a link to early brain development and neurodegenerative processes. The findings provide insights into the biological pathways underlying brain development and aging, as well as their association with psychiatric disorders like depression and schizophrenia.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Giorgia Picci, Lauren R. Ott, Samantha H. Penhale, Brittany K. Taylor, Hallie J. Johnson, Madelyn P. Willett, Hannah J. Okelberry, Yu-Ping Wang, Vince D. Calhoun, Julia M. Stephen, Tony W. Wilson
Summary: The transition from childhood to adolescence is a critical period in which sex hormones play a significant role in shaping physical, behavioral, and neural development. This study investigated the impact of endogenous testosterone on spontaneous cortical activity in typically-developing youth. The findings revealed sex-specific effects of testosterone on different frequency bands of spontaneous cortical activity, particularly in the frontal cortices. These findings highlight the importance of testosterone in the development of cortical dynamics during adolescence, with distinct patterns observed between males and females.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sabrina D. D. Ross, Thomas Lachmann, Saskia Jaarsveld, Steffi G. G. Riedel-Heller, Francisca S. S. Rodriguez
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of age and cognitive impairment on creativity. The results showed that older individuals scored lower in certain aspects of creativity, particularly in abstract reasoning. Additionally, cognitively impaired older adults had lower scores in creativity compared to cognitively healthy older adults and younger individuals. These findings suggest that while creativity remains relatively stable in older age, abstract reasoning skills may be affected by aging.
Article
Neurosciences
Valerie Karl, Tim Rohe
Summary: Emotion recognition declines with age, but it is unclear whether this is due to structural brain changes. A study using voxel-based morphometry analysis found no correlation between gray matter volume changes and age-related decline in emotion recognition. However, exploratory analysis suggested that gray matter volume may be related to overall emotion recognition, although the effect size is small.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Megan McMahon, Yoshita Malneedi, Darrell A. Worthy, David M. Schnyer
Summary: This study found a significant association between rest-activity rhythm stability and white matter microstructure in healthy adults across different age groups, suggesting that rest-activity rhythm may serve as a biomarker of brain health throughout the adult lifespan.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mary N. Woessner, Danielle Hiam, Cassandra Smith, Xuzhu Lin, Navabeh Zarekookandeh, Alexander Tacey, Lewan Parker, Shanie Landen, Macsue Jacques, Joshua R. Lewis, Tara Brennan-Speranza, Sarah Voisin, Gustavo Duque, Nir Eynon, Itamar Levinger
Summary: The study found that osteoglycin levels had a U-shaped relationship with age across both sexes, with men having higher levels than women. Higher levels of osteoglycin were associated with higher aerobic capacity and glucose concentration, suggesting a potential association between osteoglycin, aerobic fitness, and glucose regulation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jingqin Luo, Folasade Agboola, Elizabeth Grant, John C. Morris, Colin L. Masters, Marilyn S. Albert, Sterling C. Johnson, Eric M. McDade, Anne M. Fagan, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Jason Hassenstab, Randall J. Bateman, Richard J. Perrin, Guoqiao Wang, Yan Li, Brian Gordon, Carlos Cruchaga, Gregory S. Day, Johannes Levin, Jonathan Voeglein, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Kazushi Suzuki, Ricardo F. Allegri, Chengjie Xiong
Summary: The study characterizes the temporal evolutions and relative orderings of Alzheimer disease biomarkers across the adult lifespan and explores the modifying effects of APOE e4. These findings have significant implications for the design of prevention trials on Alzheimer disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Q. Pfordresher
Summary: This article investigates the changes in singing accuracy across different age groups and finds that singing accuracy improves significantly from childhood to young adulthood, unaffected by voice changes during adolescence, and remains at a high level for the rest of life without showing a strong age-related decline. Vocal or instrumental musical training has a significant positive impact on singing accuracy, especially in childhood.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas A. Deshayes, Julien D. Periard
Summary: Population aging, high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, physical inactivity, and rising global temperatures are major public health concerns. Regular physical activity throughout life can play an important role in adapting to rising temperatures, coping with heat-related health risks, and increasing individual and community resilience. This viewpoint calls for more research on the contribution of physical activity to adapting to rising global temperatures and climate change.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jingming Li, Qian Wang, Ke Li, Li Yao, Xiaojuan Guo
Summary: This study aims to characterize age-related topological changes in individual brain networks and investigate the relationships between individual- and group-based brain networks at the nodal, modular, and connectome levels.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Norika Liu, Joshua T. Butcher, Atsushi Nakano, Andrea del Campo
Summary: One of the most significant changes in the elderly is the loss of strength and mobility due to skeletal muscle decline, known as sarcopenia. Recent studies have found that cellular and molecular changes precede the clinical symptoms of sarcopenia. Using a single-cell transcriptomic atlas, researchers identified immune senescence in middle-aged mice, which may explain the changes in extracellular matrix composition and muscle weakness. This suggests a new therapeutic approach via regulation of immunometabolism.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elizabeth Riley, Hamid Turker, Dongliang Wang, Khena M. Swallow, Adam K. Anderson, Eve De Rosa
Summary: The cognitive aging process is not necessarily linear. Task-evoked pupillary responses may serve as an index of cognitive aging, as they vary with age. The locus coeruleus (LC) in the brainstem supports attention and pupillary behaviors, and is among the earliest sites of degeneration in pathological aging. A study on 75 adults showed age-related changes in pupillary responses, including decreases in pupillary diameter and dynamic range, and curvilinear phasic responses to behaviorally relevant stimuli that increased in middle-aged group and then decreased in the older group. Moreover, the older group showed decreased differentiation of pupillary responses between target and distractor events, suggesting potential compensatory LC activity in midlife that diminishes in old age.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Eduardo Santamaria-Vazquez, Victor Martinez-Cagigal, Diego Marcos-Martinez, Victor Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Sergio Perez-Velasco, Selene Moreno-Calderon, Roberto Hornero
Summary: This study aimed to propose a novel software ecosystem called MEDUSA to overcome the barriers in bringing neurotechnologies to the general public. MEDUSA (c) provides a complete suite of signal processing functions and ready-to-use BCI and neuroscience experiments, making it one of the most complete solutions nowadays. It also facilitates the development of custom experiments and encourages community participation for the progress of these fields.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Adrian Martin-Montero, Pablo Armanc-Julian, Eduardo Gil, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, Daniel Alvarez, Jesus Lazaro, Raquel Bailon, David Gozal, Pablo Laguna, Roberto Hornero, Gonzalo C. Gutierrez-Tobal
Summary: Heart rate variability (HRV) is influenced by sleep stages and apneic events. Previous studies in children have compared classical HRV parameters during sleep stages between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and control groups. However, there has been no comprehensive study that incorporates both sleep stages and apneic events to characterize HRV. Additionally, novel OSA-specific HRV parameters have not been evaluated.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Marcos Revilla-Vallejo, Carlos Gomez, Javier Gomez-Pilar, Roberto Hornero, Miguel Angel Tola-Arribas, Monica Cano, Yoshihito Shigihara, Hideyuki Hoshi, Jesus Poza
Summary: This study aims to introduce a new methodology to evaluate network robustness and apply it to assess the brain activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. By simulating attacks on functional connectivity networks and evaluating the network changes through Spearman's correlation, significant differences in network robustness were found between controls, mild cognitive impairment subjects, and AD patients in three different databases. Furthermore, the changes in network robustness were found to be associated with the progressive deterioration in brain functioning due to AD.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biology
Fernando Vaquerizo-Villar, Gonzalo C. Gutierrez-Tobal, Eva Calvo, Daniel Alvarez, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, Felix del Campo, David Gozal, Roberto Hornero
Summary: This study developed an accurate and interpretable deep-learning model for sleep staging in children using single-channel EEG data. The results showed that a standard CNN demonstrated the highest performance for automated sleep stage detection, and the CNN-based estimation of total sleep time exhibited strong agreement in the clinical dataset. The study also used the explainable AI algorithm Grad-CAM to highlight the EEG features associated with each sleep stage.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Victor Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Pablo Nunez, Carlos Gomez, Yoshihito Shigihara, Hideyuki Hoshi, Miguel Angel Tola-Arribas, Monica Cano, Angel Guerrero, David Garcia-Azorin, Roberto Hornero, Jesus Poza
Summary: This study introduces a new data-driven method to automatically identify frequency ranges based on the topological similarity of the frequency-dependent functional neural network. The analysis of resting-state neural activity from 195 cognitively healthy subjects showed that the traditional approaches to band segmentation align with the underlying network topologies at a group level for MEG signals, but lack individual idiosyncrasies. EEG signals, on the other hand, have limited sensitivity to reflect the underlying frequency-dependent network structure.
Article
Pediatrics
Pablo Armanac-Julian, Adrian Martin-Montero, Jesus Lazaro, Roberto Hornero, Pablo Laguna, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, David Gozal, Eduardo Gil, Raquel Bailon, Gonzalo Gutierrez-Tobal
Summary: The study suggests that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may play a causal role in the development of metabolic dysfunction in prepubertal children, implying a need for screening for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children presenting OSA symptoms.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Javier Gomez-Pilar, Gonzalo C. Gutierrez-Tobal, David Gozal, Roberto Hornero
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Veronica Barroso-Garcia, Marta Fernandez-Poyatos, Benjamin Sahelices, Daniel Alvarez, David Gozal, Roberto Hornero, Gonzalo C. Gutierrez-Tobal
Summary: This study developed a 2D-convolutional neural network model using thoracic and abdominal movement signals to automatically estimate the severity of sleep apnea and evaluate the contribution of central respiratory events. The model achieved high accuracy and low error rates in estimating the apnea-hypopnea index, especially for central apnea events.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Victor Martinez-Cagigal, Eduardo Santamaria-Vazquez, Sergio Perez-Velasco, Diego Marcos-Martinez, Selene Moreno-Calderon, Roberto Hornero
Summary: This study proposes the use of non-binary p-ary m-sequences as a more pleasant alternative to traditional binary codes. It is found that all p-ary m-sequences are suitable for achieving high speed and high accuracy in c-VEP-based BCIs, and they can reduce visual fatigue as the base increases.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Clara Garcia-Vicente, Gonzalo C. Gutierrez-Tobal, Jorge Jimenez-Garcia, Adrian Martin-Montero, David Gozal, Roberto Hornero
Summary: A novel deep-learning approach using raw electrocardiogram tracing (ECG) was proposed to simplify the diagnosis of pediatric OSA. A convolutional neural network (CNN) regression model was implemented to predict pediatric OSA and derive severity categories. The diagnostic performance of the CNN model outperformed previous algorithms relying on ECG-derived features. The proposed CNN model provides a simpler, faster, and more accessible diagnostic test for pediatric OSA.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jorge Jimenez-Garcia, Maria Garcia, Gonzalo C. Gutierrez-Tobal, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, Fernando Vaquerizo-Villar, Daniel Alvarez, Felix del Campo, David Gozal, Roberto Hornero
Summary: In this study, an explainable architecture that combines convolutional and recurrent neural networks (CNN + RNN) was assessed to detect pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its severity. By analyzing overnight airflow (AF) and oximetry (SpO(2)) signals, the model provides an alternative diagnostic approach with high accuracy.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Victor Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Pablo Nunez, Carlos Gomez, Hideyuki Hoshi, Yoshihito Shigihara, Roberto Hornero, Jesus Poza
Summary: This study used a novel methodology called Connectivity-based Meta-Bands (CMB) to analyze individual MEG data and found that mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease could alter the neural network topology and dilute the frequency structure progressively.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2024)
